Pet Engine

DOGs – Where did they come from, and why so many favors them to be a part of their family?  The dogs’ ancestors go back many thousands of years, as today dogs came from the wolf’s family, but since being domesticated, they have won over the hearts of many humans as they have welcomed them into their families.  In the present day, like humans, some are fortunate to have a selection of various breeds.  Their breed and particular traits help many to navigate towards choosing the right breed of dog for them.

When choosing a particular breed as a potential owner, or a current owner, a person should consider the popularity of the dog and its family of origin.  It may be helpful to know the animals’ profile by considering the overall animals’ functions, their temperament, and general health.  It may not only play a role in choosing the right dog suited for its owner, but it may be a key factor with helping to narrow down the right animal fitting for its owner.  

Addressing the type of dog and the overall purpose of a dog should be one’s main focus.  A potential owner should know if they would like to have a puppy, an older dog, or if they require an assistance dog.  Figuring out the general purpose for the dog would help narrow down to the right dog for its potential owner.  Also, once choosing the particular breed, some pet parent would begin to shape some of these dog’s personalities into becoming their best friend, and family member.

One may consider the following tips:

• Does a potential owner prefer a dog that needs regular grooming, and sheds much fur, or not?
• Does a potential owner prefer to have a dog that has a thick coat, or thin coat, or a dog that has a short tail or long tail?
• What body images are likely preferred for the pet, and which color pattern is more desirable for the pet’s owner.
• What eyes color to consider depends on the choice of dog.
• Will this dog be chosen for any particular professional sport adventure, for example, a show dog, or will this dog participate with any animal sport?
• Will the chosen dog be a working dog, for example; a rescue dog, or a herding dog?
• Will the dog be any one of these combined with being a family dog?
• If living in an apartment dwelling, remember to consider the size of the dog and the temperament of the dog, as dogs are social animals and for some separate living could draw frustration for some of these animals.
• It is essential for the upkeep of the animal’s coat care and pet’s owner devotion to maintaining this upkeep.

Most importantly, one must be willing and committed to maintaining health problems that some of these animals may incur, as some breeds may face inadvertent health issues that other breeds may not incur.

Health Insurance – is essential for the well-being and security of one’s pet to obtain sufficient health insurance to help with the veterinary care, which may help to ease the expense to the owner.

Whatever type of general-purpose dog it is, or type and breed, remember that your chosen pet dog has feelings, and it should be treated as such the same as you would want another to treat you, which is, to provide love, respect, commitment, providing upkeep and maintenance combined with a high standard of care for their well-being.  It must be the duty of its owner because they are their caretaker.

Potential pet owners should consider the type of breed that is right for them and suits their lifestyle and activities.  Following is a brief overview of various dog breeds and their categories to consider when choosing a potential pet dog:

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of the Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

Brief Review of the Terrier Group – they are a courageous family of dogs with a very tenacious spirit.  Terriers come from all corners of the globe, coming in all different sizes and shapes.  Many owners of Terrier dogs love them for their spark of energy, their warm and loving heart, and their courage and showmanship.  When choosing a Terrier dog, there is a size terrier for everybody’s liking, ranging from small dogs to large dogs, and with each breed having its color standard. These courageous Terriers are feisty dogs, and the hearts of many have been won over by these types of dogs.

Initially, the terrier was a dog that was bred to pursue vermin underground, in burrows and holes.  These including badgers, foxes, rabbits, and weasel.  They are an energetic dog with high energy and endurance. They were bred to pursue their quarry down into their burrow, aggressively barking, and forcing their victims out to where their master waited to capture.  Although terriers (being an earth dog, because they love to put their heads in the

earth) they were initially used for the function of hunting.  Today, these courageous Terriers are feisty dogs, and they have won the hearts of many because these little dogs love people. Terriers are known to be extremely loyal to their owners and are also known to be good watchdogs.

The following seven Terrier dogs are among the most popular:

West Highland White Terrier – these Terriers are best known for their white coat and being native to the Country of Scotland.  History noted that they were one time the Westie, Skye, Cairn, and Scottish Terriers and were all considered one breed. They are known to be independent dogs who enjoy time out playing with their owners. 

For their temperament, Terriers are intelligent and also known to be spirited and friendly. These terriers make a terrific companion.  However, Terriers may not be a recommended choice for families with younger children or other small pets. 

Highlights of this breed indicate they have good watchdog ability, protection ability, and are a favored breed to consider — West Highland White Terriers weight about 15 to 21 lbs.  The West Highland White Terrier height for male 11″shoulder height and female a little less in height, with a coloration of white as its primary progenitors.

West Highland White Terrier – this breed is known to be very active, that is, curious, affectionate and demanding.  Research indicates the significant concerns with health are globoid cell leukodystrophy, Legg-Perthes, CMO, and skin disease. 

The West Highland White Terrier’s life expectancy is 12 to 14 years.

Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier – this is an Irish breed that has a single layer coat, this makes the Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier an excellent dog for any person who may have an allergy.  In the early days these dogs were used as farm dogs to perform tasks like guarding property; herding livestock and hunting.  These days they perform the role of being playful and energetic.  They are a great companion and also known to be a social dog for persons of all age group.

Highlights of this breed indicate they have good watchdog ability, protection ability, and a reasonably favored breed to consider — the Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier weighs about 30 to 40 lbs. Also, the Soft Coated Wheaten Terriers height for males are 19″ and for females are less in height, with a coloration of any shade of wheaten as its primary progenitors.  In review, this breed is also known to be very active, that is, playful and highly affectionate and also playful toward other pets. Research indicates that a significant concern with health is a protein-losing disease known as (PLE and PLN). 

The Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier’s life expectancy from 12 to 14 years.

Bull Terrier – the history of the Bull Terrier, is unique as crossing terriers with bulldogs as their origin.  They were used in blood sports and also vermin control.  Back in the day, bull terrier dogs used for the sport of bear and bull baiting.  Today sports like this are illegal, and now the bull terrier has become a loving companion dog.  Bull Terrier dogs are active and are known to be suitable for all age groups and are an excellent pet for active families. 

Highlights of this breed having excellent watchdog ability, protection ability, and are a reasonably favored breed to consider — the Bull Terrier weighs about 60 to 70 lbs. and 50 to 60 lbs. for females’ bull terrier and have a shoulder height not much different from the bull terrier male at 22″, with a coloration of white variety as its primary progenitors.  The Bull Terrier breed is known to be very active and affectionate. 

Research indicates that significant concerns with health are deafness (in whites), kidney problems (hereditary nephritis and renal dysplasia). 

Bull Terriers have a life-span of 11 to 14 years.

Airedale Terrier – is a British Breed of dog, and back in the day was used for hunting otters, and badgers.  Bird flushing and retrieving was the primary function of this breed.  Airedale Terriers is the largest of all the terrier breeds.  Owners of this dog would find them to be loyal and courageous and protective.  They also function today as police and military dogs, and also used for guard dogs and guide dogs.  Airedales are independent and loyal dogs with their families and highly recommended as a loyal family pet.

Airedale Terrier weight about 55lbs and the shoulder height for males 23″ and females are a little less in height.  Their coloration of the black and tan or grizzle saddle as one of its primary progenitors. The Airedale Terrier is known to be extremely active. 

Research indicates that their significant health problem is Canine Hip Dysplasia – CHD. 

The Airedale has a life span of 10 to 13 years.

The Scottish Terrier – Scottish Terriers, have been owned by various U.S. Presidents and also lots of celebrities.  Scotties are a little territorial, and feisty and alert with their personality is the typical terrier type.  They can be aloof and stubborn with some people but all in all, they are an incredibly loyal dog with their families. 

The Scottish Terrier, with its unique personality, is known to be a very active dog, are adventurous and ready for excitement.  It has the nickname of a Diehard addressing its rugged toughness and intelligence.

Highlights of this breed indicate they have good watchdog ability, protection ability, and a favored breed to consider — the Scottish Terrier weight about 22lbs for the male, and for a female about 21 lbs.  The male shoulder height is 10″ and female a little less in height, with a coloration of white as its primary progenitors. 

Reference indicate a significant health concern with “von Willebrand’s disease” – vWD, CMO. 

The Scottish Terrier has a life-span of 11 to 13 years.

Cairn Terrier – of all the Terrier breeds the Cairn Terrier is the oldest that has come from the Country of Scotland.  They are known to be intelligent and busy little dogs and are known to be great ratters.

Socialization of this breed – Cairn Terriers fit in quite well with active families.  If one is inexperienced with having a dog in the first place or are a little absent-minded, the Carin Terrier may not be for everyone.  The Cairn Terriers dogs love nothing more than to have quality time with their owner, but they are still an independent and tenacious breed.  

Highlights of this breed indicate they have excellent watchdog ability, protection ability, and are a reasonably favored breed to consider — Cairn Terriers weigh about 14lbs for males and13 lbs. for females, and shoulder height for males about 10″ for males and females a little less, with a coloration other than white, dark ears, muzzle, tail tip desired as its primary progenitors. 

Cairn Terrier is known to be very active, but also spirited, inquisitive, hardy, stubborn and smart, and are affectionate. They are also known to be friendly with other pets. 

Research indicates no major health concerns.  Overall, Cairn Terriers have a life expectancy of 12 to 14 years.

Staffordshire Bull Terrier – is a Native of England and this breed of dog was developed through breeding to be a fighting dog in history, and in an ancient time they were used for sporting of bear baiting and bull baiting.  Now, these brutal sports are no longer with us.  Today, the Staffordshire Bull Terrier have loving relationships with their owners.  These dogs are built with healthy muscle and are very strong, but despite this, Staffordshire Bull Terriers are a great pet choice for families that have children.  

Socialization of this breed – Staffordshire love to be social and have fun.  Highlights of this breed indicate they have good watchdog ability, protection ability, and reasonably good popularity as a breed, and are known to be a good companion.  

Staffordshire Bull Terriers weigh about 28 to 38 lbs. for males and 28-28 lbs. female. The shoulder height is14 to 16″ with a coloration of fawn, black-blue, solid or with white; any shade of brindle or brindle with white as its primary progenitors.  In review, Staffordshire is known to be very active, playful, affectionate, and fairly friendliness towards other pets. 

Research references the concern with health is Canine Hip Dysplasia – CHD. 

The Staffordshire has a life span of 12 to 14 years.

Please refer to the site’s section before deciding on any particular dog. There are additional tips to keep in mind in the reference section for general caring for a dog.

Consider a pet that is suited to the owner’s personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent, and they depend on their owner as a caretaker if they are both a house dog or an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs are water, food, shelter, and general care such as veterinarians’ check-ups.

As noted, these are among the most popular of the terrier breeds today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of terrier waiting for further research.

• American Staffordshire Terrier
• Australian Terrier
• Bedlington Terrier
• Border Terrier
• Bull Terrier
• Cesky Terrier
• Dandie Dinmont Terrier
• Fox Terrier (Smooth)
• Fox Terrier (Wire)
• Glen of Imaal Terrier
• Irish Terrier
• Kerry Blue Terrier
• Lakeland Terrier
• Manchester Terrier
• Miniature Bull Terrier
• Miniature Schnauzer
• Norfolk Terrier
• Norwich Terrier
• Parson Russell Terrier
• Rat Terrier
• Russell Terrier
• Scottish Terrier
• Sealyham Terrier
• Skye Terrier

Welsh Terrier

A brief preview of the Hound Group – hunting and chasing was the primary function of the Hound breed. These animals go back as far as William the Conquer when he first introduced them in 1066 in England.  Later, these dogs got exported to America in the late 1800s.  

The Hound breed is a favorite for many who solely look for a companion, and a family would find a hound to be a dedicated addition. These dogs are known to be welcoming and friendly by nature.  Unfortunately, due to nature calling, their life expectancy is 7 to 10 years. 

The following six hound dogs are among the most popular:

The Bloodhound – is a dog with a look of soulfulness.  One might think they even look sad, but this breed is quite docile, but that is different when it is working on a scent or trail, it becomes very active.  An organization like the police departments use these dogs in search and rescue mission.   The Bloodhound also used when they want to track the scent of escaped prisoners or similar situations. The Blood Hounds scent of smell is 40 times more than humans.  They have an exceptionally high affection level toward people and other dogs.  Also, their watchdog ability is high. 

These Bloodhounds love to have quality time with their owner.  Bloodhounds ability of a watchdog ability is fair and known to be a particular bleed for people on farms and used for hunting.  The Bloodhounds weigh about 100 lbs. on average with females a little lighter.  The height for a male is about 26″shoulder height and female a little less in height. 

They have a coloration of black and tan, liver and tan or red desired as its primary progenitors. 

The Bloodhound is known to be very active when they are out working but known to be a steadfast dog.  Bloodhounds are built for endurance and known to be friendly with towards other pets. 

Research indicates that health concerns might include Otitis Eterna, skin-fold dermatitis, ectropion, elbow dysplasia, gastric torsion. 

The Bloodhound’s life span of 7 to 10 years.

Beagle Hound – the Beagle, gets the highest marks for being friendly towards others and other pets.  The Beagle dates back to England since the 1300s. They are known to be playful and recognized for having a good watchdog ability.  For their training level, there is more work to be done in this area; however, they are an amiable dog.  At most, they were bred to be a pack hunter.  Nevertheless, they ultimately need companionship.

They have a great sense of smell.  Beagle Hound for temperament they are not known to be aggressive, but somewhat known to be a gentle animal an excellent companion for children; however, if given proper exercise, it is a calm and relaxed house pet.  Also, these dogs excel in being a great children dog due to their gentleness and high tolerance level.  One would find it an advance having a dog active and playful.

Beagle weight about 25 lbs., on average the male is 14″ tall and weigh about 25 pounds and the female a little less. Their coloration is of any “true” hound color (such as brown, red and white are standard), as a primary progenitor.  Professionally these dogs are used for contraband detection. 

The Beagle breed is known to be very active and known initially as a rabbit hunting dog.  They do require daily exercise, with occasional upkeep for bathing and brushing its fur. 

Research indicates that concerns might include invertebrate disk disease and Hip Dysplasia. 

The Beagle’s life expectancy is in the range of 12 to 15 years.

Whippet – known for their quick movement and speed when outside the home, these breeds were used initially as a sighthound. They were breed with the long thin head to give them a better degree of binocular vision where they would find and follow quarry (rabbit) from a distance. Whippet is among the fastest of dogs, and over a short distance, they would sprint after small prey. 

The Whippet progenitor initially used for poaching rabbits and other small game and by the pleasant back in the 1800s.  Historically, they were used by the pleasant in the entertaining game of (snap dog). These dogs once placed in a fenced circle with many rabbits, and the dogs would compete with each other, and whoever snapped up and killed the most rabbits was the winner.  

Whippet also is known to be friendly towards other dogs and makes a good companion, with an excellent affection level.  Their watchdog ability is excellent but have limited ability as a protection dog.  These dogs do not respond well to cold weather; however, their maintenance for grooming is occasional, not needing to bathe daily.

The Whippet weighs about 30 lbs., on average and height for a male about 21″ shoulder height average, and about 20″ average for a female, with the coloration, is immaterial, as far as their breed standard for a show, as the coloration is not an issue. They are known today as a pet. 

This breed is known to be very active and requires the owner’s devotion to giving quality time for interaction. They do require daily exercise and occasional upkeep.  Their temperament is perhaps quiet indoors and very active outside the home.  These dogs are considered as a gentle dog and can be kept in smaller confinement if living inside an apartment.  

If wanting a dog with less dog odor, the Whippet would likely be a match, as they do not get a doggy odor.  The reference indicates no major or minor concerns with their health, as these dogs should have their eyes checked as part of their routine Veterinarian check-ups.

Their Whippet’s life span ranges from 12 to 15 years.

Dachshund – also known as the sausage dog – these dogs are certified to hunt above ground and below ground flushing out small burrowing animals and tracking over a long distance. They are three variations of Dachshunds, long hair, short hair, and wire hair.  The long hair is sometimes slightly wavy and sleek as it gives more protection; while the short hair is smooth and shiny. 

Finally, the wire hair fur is thick and tight, with thick hair and more delicate texture in the undercoat, even excellent protection.  The original Dachshund had a short coat with smooth fur.  Today, these breeds come in three categories when bred from a miniature French Pointer crossed with a Pincher.  The miniature is 11 pounds under, with a shoulder height 5″ to 6″, and the standard of 11 pounds and over, with the height 10″ on average. These were a terrier type of vermin killer.  

This dog watchdog ability is exceptional, and their friendliness towards strangers is minimal. Their friendliness towards other pets is fair, with their friendliness towards other dogs is relatively good.  Known to have great affection and friendliness, and their energy level is excellent, they are not considered a lazy dog.  As for their temperament, they are very curious and courageous, as these dogs love to hunt and are very adventurous.

The Dachshund Country of origin is Germany going back to the 1500s.  The Dachshund was known for their tenacious hunting strategy where they would crawl down to their prey, and they would

pursue, grab, and retrieve their prey inside their burrow. 

The Dachshund is known to be very active and needs the owner to be devoted to giving quality time for interaction. They do require daily exercise and occasional upkeep.  This dog can be kept in smaller confinement if living inside an apartment.  However, this dog can have a dog odor. 

The reference indicates that health concerns would be invertebrate disk disease. 

The Dachshund’s life expectancy is in the range of 12 to 14 years.

Basset Hound – were mostly used for hunting at a slower pace when first originated back in France in the 1500s.  They were initially bred to have shorter legs to have the ability to hunt their prey at the same pace.  The Basset Hound has short legs with a long stout body, and this makes it easy to follower him on foot when out hunting, and when it comes to dense cover, this gives them an advantage.

In proportion to their size, the basset has more mass to their bones. Their thick coat helps protect them from brambles (bushes and vines), and it is a said that their long ears may stir up the ground scent, and their wrinkles trap the scent around their face.

If considering this breed as a pet, one would be amazed at their loyalty and affection to their owner.  Basset Hound has the excellent ability as a watchdog; however, they are not an aggressive dog and limited with any form of protection for his owner.  It is known to be a genuinely good addition to the family.  The Basset Hound considered being the most comfortable outgoing and kind nature of all the breeds.

They do require daily exercise by taking them for a walk and need occasional grooming. However, these dogs do require regular cleaning around the mouth because of the dross (dribble) around their mouth, with their owner frequency cleaning around the wrinkles to reduce odors.   This dog can be kept in smaller confinement if living inside an apartment.  

Their relationship with children when playing outside would require supervision, as some children would play too hard and ride on the dog’s back.  They have the coloration of any recognized hound color.  Their height is about 15″.

Research indicates significant health concerns with Entropion, OCD, elbow dysplasia, ectropion, otitis externa, gastric torsion, CHD, glaucoma, and thrombopathy. 

The Basset’s life expectancy is in the range of 8 to 12 years.

Basenji – The Basenji is one of the most primitive dogs of his breed.  These dogs discovered in the Congo of Africa (as known to the area of Central Africa (Zaire and the Congo), where the tribesmen used them as hunting dogs or pack hunters then driving game into nets.  The Basenji history dates back to ancient times and belong to the Primitive family of Sighthound.  In the 1930s these dogs were later imported to England after several failed attempts before this time.  After successful attempts with breeding, the English named these dogs the Basenji meaning “bush thing.”

As their popularity grew, the Basenji imported to America after the production of a movie that introduced the dogs initially, winning the hearts of many.  As indicated that the Basenji was hard to categorize, as it retains many of his fundamental characteristics, however, the Basenji is known to have less barking ability and has estrus cycle once a year compared to most dogs that have twice a year.  Today, these dog’s functions are lure coursing. 

The Basenji’s temperament is related to the terrier, known to be feisty, but often similar to having cat-like mannerism, showing intelligence, and being stubborn. The Basenji classified as a dog that is independent and reserved, with excellent hunting ability, as it is good with chase and trail.  

The Basenji is an active breed that requires mental stimulation and the devotion of their owner. It tends to become frustrated and destructive if its caretaker does not give physical stimulation.  

Upkeeps – for its routine upkeep, the Basenji needs regular walks, and playtime for exercise and run about, but in secured areas.   Maintenance of their coat is minimal, with brushing their hair, to eliminate loose hair and removing dead hair. They mostly bark less, but they do have the ability to make a yodel, and shriek on occasional.  

Basenji are fairly popular dogs, and classified as a fair watchdog, with their protection ability just average.  These dogs categorized as high energy dogs, moderately playful and moderately affectionate; however, they are not as friendly with other dogs and remarkably less likely to be friendly with other pets.  Surprisingly, they are not as friendly with other Basenjis‘. They are somewhat friendly towards strangers and are quite easy to train.

The Basenji can be kept in smaller confinement if living inside an apartment.  These dog’s relationship with children when playing outside would require supervision, as with most dogs. 

They have the coloration of any black and tan, brindle, red, black, chest and tail tips; white legs, blaze and with white feet.  Their weigh is about 24 lbs., and about a little less for female, with 17″ shoulder height for males and a little less for females.  The primary health issues to address are Basenji enteropathy and Fanconi syndrome, and so forth. 

The Basenji’s life expectancy is 12 to 14 years.

Please refer to the site’s caring for dogs’ section:  Before deciding on any particular dog, please find a few tips site’s reference sections for dog caring.

Consider the pet that is the right choice, when choosing a dog to consider its personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent.  They depend on a caretaker if they are both a house dog and an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs are for water, food, shelter, and general care and the need veterinarian check-ups.

As noted, these are among the most popular of the Hound breed today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of hound dogs waiting for additional research.

• Afghan Hound
• American English Coonhound
• Basenji
• Basset Hound
• Beagle
• Black and Tan Coonhound
• Bloodhound
• Bluetick Coonhound
• Borzoi
• Cirneco dell’ Etna
• Dachshund
• American Foxhound
• English Foxhound
• Greyhound
• Harrier
• Ibizan Hound
• Irish Wolfhound
• Norwegian Elkhound
• Otterhound
• Petit Basset Griffon Vendeen
• Pharaoh Hound
• Plott
• Portuguese Podengo Pequeno
• Redbone Coonhound
• Rhodesian Ridgeback
• Saluki
• Scottish Deerhound
• Treeing Walker Coonhound
• Whippet

The Sporting Group – includes a variety of breeds.  They are known to aid hunters in hunting prey by fetching birds, or flushing games for the hunters.   They are best known for having the ability to be versatile hunters. Dogs in this group are quite friendly with children, and they include the Golden Retriever, Welsh Springer Spaniel, English Cocker Spaniel, English Setter, Brittany, and Labrador Retriever, to name a few.  Their stature ranges from small size to larger size, but they are popular breeds of dogs that also interact with children well.  Although some may continue to use these breeds as hunters, today, many have these very animals as companions.

The following five dogs are among the most popular in the Sporting Group:

English Setter – from first glance, these display commanding features, and style.   They stand with their muzzle long and square, and their head is long and lean with a definite stop.  These breeds of dogs date back in history to the 13^th century when in England they were used for hunting and fetching game, as bird setting and retrieving

 was their original purpose as a breed.

Today they are considered the forerunner of the setters.  The English Setter has a style of elegance, and the ability to be athletic and showcase their strength and endurance when running.  The coloration is consistent with flecks of color, and with some patches.

This breed of dog makes a good companion for its owner, and they excel well with children.  They are easy-going with strangers, along with the tendency to be playful at times, and have a very moderate affection level, being moderately friendly with other pets, reasonably easy to train, and an excellent watchdog.  This dog is best to know as a gentlemen’s dog. 

The English Setters are active when hunting, and with regards to their temperament, they are a calm breed and easy-going by nature, although, they do require daily exercise.  For upkeeps, they require frequent brushing a few times weekly and trimming monthly to help support good health. 

The coloration of this breed ranges from black/blue, orange, lemon, liver, with flecks over a white ground color, or black and tan flecks on white (also called a “tricolor”).

Their weight is about 63 lbs. on average, and about a little less for female, with 25″ shoulder height for male and a little less for female.  The primary health concerns are English Setter deafness, CHD, elbow dysplasia, and hypothyroidism. 

The English Setter’s life expectancy is 10 to 12 years.

Labrador Retriever – is the most popular breed of sporting dogs in the US and known to be the best of all family dogs.  Intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability with children are things that this dog is best known for with its family.  Because the Retriever is large, they are not considered good apartment dogs, as they do require adequate space for roaming and housing.  In general, they would adapt to city living very well.  Overall, this large size Retriever makes an excellent family dog, and they are considered a good companion.

The Labrador Retriever originated from Canada in the 1800s; however, initially given the name of the Newfoundland where it originated from in the early 1800s.  Their original function was retrieving game from the water, but today their activities are broadened with some retrieving game from the water, some performing in field trials, and some kept as beloved pets.  They also are used in competitions involving obedience.

These breeds of animal are known to be calm, amiable, and they are eager to please. In review, the Labrador Retriever ranks high for watchdog ability, ease of training, being friendly toward strangers, friendly toward other pets, and friendly toward other dogs.  They are less attracted to being groomed, but are sociable dogs and interacts well, when playing, and also love to swim. 

With regards to their overall temperament, they train well with other dogs, and they are calm dogs.  The coloration comes in three colors, black, yellow, or chocolate.  Their weight is about 75 lbs. on average, and 65 lb. on average for a female, with 24″ shoulder height for male and 22″ for female. 

The primary health concerns are elbow dysplasia, obesity, and Patellar Luxation. 

The Labrador Retriever’s life expectancy is 10 to 12 years.

Golden Retriever – Native to the Country of England this unique breed was bred by Lord Tweedmouth back in the 1800s. Golden Retrievers are now a favorite breed of dog in some western countries.  Retrievers also are known for their intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability.  This dog is known to be the best for a family with children.  Because these Golden retrievers very are large, they are not considered good apartment dogs, as they do require adequate space for roaming and housing.  In general, they would adapt to city living very well.  Overall, this large size Retriever makes an excellent family dog and is considered a good companion. 

In review, the Golden Retriever ranks very high for watchdog ability; they ease to train because they are naturally smart and wanting to learn.  They are also highly friendly toward strangers, friendly toward other pets, and friendly toward other dogs.  These dogs are very affectionate and love the devotion of their owners. 

The Golden Retriever requires brushing twice weekly, having no outstanding fur problems.  Overall, these breeds love to be sociable, they love to swim, and they could brave frigid water. 

About their overall temperament, they are calm dogs.  The coloration comes in various shades of gold.  Their weight is about 70 lbs. on average and 60 lbs. on average for a female, with 23.5″ shoulder height for male and 22″ for female.  The primary health issues to address, are skin problems, ear affections, allergies, human hemangiosarcoma, and lymphoma; with minor concerns, with elbow dysplasia, and eye disorders.  The Golden Retriever life span is 10 to 13 years.

Cocker Spaniel first introduced to the Americans in the late 1800s, for the possible use of being a hunting dog.  This breed of dog originated in England, bred from the English Cocker Spaniel.  Because American hunters were hunting smaller game birds, they needed a smaller spaniel for them to hunt the small game birds and quail more successfully.  Today, the Cocker Spaniel is classified as a bred a bit smaller than their original cousins, being an inch smaller at the shoulder.  

This breed of spaniel is known to be playful and is not known today for retaining its hunting instincts; instead, today they are kept as pets.  Cocker Spaniels are affectionate to their owners, are willing to please, and responsive to its family commands and known to be inquisitive. If kept as a pet living in a city, it will be happy with walks on a leash.

In review, the Cocker Spaniel ranks as having excellent watchdog ability, good ease of training, and they are naturally smart and wanting to learn.  They are also moderately friendly toward strangers and highly rated for being friendly towards other pets, and other dogs.  These dogs are very affectionate and love the devotion of their owners. 

The grooming of these dogs requires special attention to cleaning around the ears and eyes frequently.  Also, upkeep of their feet is required, as the feet pick up much debris.  These dogs tend towards obesity if their diet is not correct.  Overall, these breeds love to be sociable and are very playful with children.

About their overall temperament, they are considered to be happy dogs.  The coloration comes in various shades of solid black, including tan, red, cream, and brown with tan spots.  Their weight is about 26 lbs. on average for males, and 24 lbs. for a female, with 15″ shoulder height for male and 14″ for female — the primary health issues to address; glaucoma, and cataract. 

The Cocker Spaniel’s life expectancy is 12 to 15 years.

Brittany – This breed originated in France where they were the result of crossing English Setters with small Spaniel way back in the 1800s.  At this time, the French were looking for a dog better suited for their hunting needs, and this produced the Brittany.  In 1907 the Brittany became a registered breed in France and were in America by 1925 although, it was not accepted immediately by the Americans merely because it did not show a tail that was typical for a pointer.

As time passed these dogs became the most popular of all pointing breeds and at competition trials.  As noted, in 1934 the Brittany Spaniel was registered with the AKC as a spaniel, but this was changed later in 1982 in recognition that their pointing hunting abilities were more like that of the Setter.  

This breed retains its hunting instincts and is more than a favorable choice for a house pet as well.  However, it needs physical stimulation, or it will display disruption.  It is known for being curious, courageous, quick, and it enjoys running, playing, and hunting as a lookout for birds.  Brittany’s remains independent of nature, being very responsive to their owner’s directives.

To groom these animals, they require little maintenance.  However, for personal upkeep, this dog requires daily walks for both mental and physical exercise with a suggested one hour or more of exertion to maintain its strength and endurance routinely or twice weekly.

In review, the Brittany ranks as very high in popularity, outstanding energy level, excellent watchdog ability, and its ease of training are functional.  They are also very friendly towards strangers; their friendliness towards other pets is moderate and is friendly towards other dogs.  These dogs are very affectionate, playful, and love the devotion of their owners. Overall, these breeds love to be sociable.  Overall, this breed also is playful with children.

The overall temperament of this breed would be curious by nature.  The Brittany coloration comes in a variation of the liver, white, orange and white or tri-colored.  Their weight is around 35 on average, with 19″ shoulder height — the major health issues to address; Canine Hip Dysplasia – CHD.

The Brittany’s life expectancy is 12 to 13 years.

Please refer to the site’s section before deciding on any breed of dog.  There are additional tips to keep in mind for general care of a pet dog.

Consider the pet that is best suited by choosing its personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent.  They do depend on a caretaker if they are both a house dog and an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs are, of course, their need for water, food, shelter, and general care needs, such as veterinarians’ check-ups.

As noted, these are among the most popular of the Sporting Group today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of the sporting group waiting for further research.

• Brittany
• Point
• German Shorthaired Point
• German Wirehaired Pointer
• Chesapeake Bay Retriever
• Curly-Coated Retriever
• Flat-Coated Retriever
• Golden Retriever
• Labrador Retriever
• Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
• English Setter
• Gordon Setter
• Irish Red and White Setter
• Irish Setter
• American Water Spaniel
• Boykin Spaniel
• Clumber Spaniel
• Cocker Spaniel
• English Cocker Spaniel
• English Springer Spaniel
• Field Spaniel
• Irish Water Spaniel
• Sussex Spaniel
• Welsh Springer Spaniel
• Spinone Italiano
• Vizsla
• Weimaraner
• Wirehaired Pointing Griffon
• Wirehaired Vizsla

The Non-Sporting Group – is recognized by many as the most diversified group of dogs, bred as a companion for their owners.  These dogs are so diversified that they would have to be assessed or evaluated for their merit in each category. The Non-Sporting Group is a favorite breed of dogs in the U.S.A, and for some, they are excellent family dogs. 

They are a unique and diverse breed and range in size from small to medium size.  All these breeds and category stand up to the test when ranking Intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability with children.  Because these dog range in various sizes being from small to a medium they could be considered good apartment dogs, as they do not require ample space for roaming when housed.  In general, they would adapt to city living very well. The following eight Non-Sporting Group dogs are among the most popular:

Bulldog – this breed is considered a steadfast dog with good energy. Their country of origin is England and has a history dating back to the 12^th century.  The primary use for those dogs was for the sport of bull-baiting, and bear-baiting, by attacking the bull or the bear for entertainment purposes in an arena.   Although bull baiting had been ongoing for 500 years, it was only outlawed less than 200 years as opposed to 500 years that they were doing it from the 13^th century to 1835. Today, the bulldog is a favored dog among many to have as a pet. 

The bulldog is a placid dog and should have physical stimulation.  The bulldog’s overall temperament; are amiable, comical, jovial, and are the most docile and mellow of dogs.  Known to be a stubborn dog, they are willing to please their master, although some are aggressive towards other dogs. 

To groom these animals, they require little maintenance. However, for personal upkeep, these dogs require daily short walks for both mental and physical exercise.  Regular exercise would aid in maintaining its strength and endurance.

In review, the bulldog ranks low in watchdog ability, low protection ability, low energy level, moderate to excellent ease of training.  At most, the bulldog is also very friendly towards strangers, very friendly towards other pets but ranked as relatively low friendliness level towards other strange dogs.  These dogs are very affectionate and love the devotion of their owners.

To groom these dogs, they require special attention to their upkeep, but they cannot take too much of humid weather.  Overall, this breed love to be sociable, and overall is playful with children.

The coloration comes in various shades of brindle, solid white, red, or any of these on a white background as the breed standard.  Their weight is about 50 on average for a male, and about a 40 lbs. for female, with 12 to 15” shoulder height — the primary health issues to address; ventricular, stenotic nares, shoulder luxation, and septal defect. 

The Bulldog’s life expectancy is 8 to 12 years.

The Miniature and Standard Poodle – the toy poodle history relates to its origin in France with the first recognized bred as the Barbet, a curly-coated dog bred with other curly-coated dogs that originated in Central Asia. However, it was the poodle originating in Germany that had the most influence over the poodle we know today.  The poodle was known to have a pretty colorful history of being a guard dog, guide dog, a military dog, a service dog, and circus performer.  Today, these the Miniature and Standard poodles are a showcase in pet shows, and some employed as actors on the big screen.   

The Miniature and Standard Poodle is known for its Intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability with children.  These other things that this dog is known to be the best for a family dog.  Because these miniature and standard poodles are from small to medium size dogs, these dogs are considered good apartment dogs, and if living in the city.  Overall, they are a good family dog, therefore, considered as a good companion.

For upkeep the Poodle requires a lot of attention and interaction with people and they require frequent maintenance by their owners or by a hired professional dog groomer.

In review, the Miniature and Standard Poodle ranked as very high watchdog ability, low protection ability for Miniature and very high for Standard Poodle.  The Standard Poodle and the Miniature Poodle have a very high energy level, are bright and easy to train. They are also moderately accepting towards strangers, quite friendly towards other pets, and ranked as moderately friendly towards other strange dogs.

The Standard Poodle is moderately affectionate, and the Miniature Poodle is quite an affectionate to their owners.  To groom these animals, they require special attention to their upkeep, recommended brushing daily to maintain a healthy coat.  They require regular exercise for both mental and physical stimulation.  Overall, these breeds love to be sociable and are considered to be playful with children.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are bright and easy to train; as they are alert, responsive, playful, sensitive, lively, and devoted to their family. 

The coloration comes in various shades of any solid color, blue, gray, black, or white.  For the Miniature Poodle, their weight is about 15 lbs. on average, with 12″ shoulder average.  For the Standard Poodle, their weight is 55lbs average, with their height 20″ shoulder height average. 

For the Miniature, the major health issues to address are patellar luxation, Legg-Perthes, epilepsy. 

The Standard Poodle life expectancy is 13 to 15 years. 

The Standard Poodle, the major health issues to address are Gastric torsion, Addison, and Sebaceous Adenitis. 

The Miniature Poodle has a life span of 10 to 13 years.

Dalmatian – this breed of dog is noticeable to many for its unique coat pattern.  Interestingly, the Dalmatian is a breed of dog dating back to ancient times, but the birth of its breed is marked unknown, with a name given from the region of Western Yugoslavia.  Little facts are given about this dog and its overall origin or any truth to breed type.  The Dalmatian function was for shepherding, ratting, retrieving, bird dog, coach dog, and circus dog.  They also served as marauding dogs to aid in protecting horses.

The Dalmatian has great showmanship as it is bred to run for several miles.  They are energetic, playful, and great companions.  In review, they are great with other pets and good with horses.  Although a playful dog they require exercise which helps to aid them with obedience.   

The Dalmatian ranks very high watchdog ability, a good protection ability, high energy level, and an excellent breed to train.  They are also very friendly but reserved towards strangers, moderately friendly towards other pets but ranked as moderately friendly or reserved towards other strange dogs.  These dogs are very affectionate and love the devotion of their owners.  For popularity, the Dalmatian ranks at very good to have as a pet.  

To groom these animals, they require moderate upkeep, with their coat groomed by brushing daily.  They require regular exercise for both mental and physical stimulation, with perhaps more long walks. Overall, these breeds love to be sociable, but they could be too energetic with children, therefore requiring adult supervision.

With regards to their overall temperaments, they could be somewhat stubborn dogs.  The coloration comes in black or liver spots on white background.  Their weight is about 55 on average, with 22″ shoulder height.

The primary health issues to address are deafness and urinary concerns.  As noted, these health concerns may relate to behavioral challenges. If these signs are noticeable, it is essential to have the dog examined by a vet immediately. 

The Dalmatian life expectancy is 12 to 14 years.

French Bulldog – known for its petite stature the French Bulldog attracts the attention of many.  This toy bulldog is native to England around the 1800s but later became a favorite to the French women.  They are from the family of Mastiff and Bull, having the function of being a lapdog.  The dog was later introduced to America after American visitors traveled with the dog back to America in 1898.  Because of their stature and characteristics, this dog gained popularity in the States.  The French bulldog is ranked as an elegant and enjoyable dog, standing in class as a good companion.  

This dog classified as energetic, playful, and a great companion.  In review, they are very good with other pets, very friendly with other dogs, but somewhat reserved with strangers.  Although playful, they are not that easy to train for novices. 

French Bulldogs require minimal exercise, which helps to aid them with obedience.  The French Bulldog ranked as a moderately good watchdog and low protective ability.  Also, French Bulldog is pretty good at withstanding both cold and hot conditions.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are reasonably calm dogs who are sweet and willing to please their owners. At most, these dogs love cuddling with their owners and other favored family members.

The coloration is fawn, white, brindle, brindle and white, and other various colors.  Their weight is about 27lbs. on average, with an average 12″ shoulder height. 

The primary health issues to address are intervertebral disk disease, CHD, and allergies. 

Their life expectancy is 9 to 11 years.

Boston Terrier – the origin of what is known as the Boston Terrier, involved cross-breeding with the English Terrier and a bulldog beginning in 1865.  After years of cross-breeding came the outcome of what is known as the Boston Terrier, which continues to rank in popularity to this present day. The Boston Terrier is known for its gentleness, its outgoing personality and enjoyment to be around.  This dog is a great entertainer and also known as America’s gentlemen dog.

The Boston Terriers profile is of an intelligent dog that learns quickly, is energetic, playful, and a great companion.  In review, they are very good with other pets, very friendly with other dogs, and kind toward strangers, but require interaction with other people. 

Overall, the Boston Terriers are easy to train for the novices. The Boston Terrier requires daily exercise, which helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  The Boston Terriers ranked with moderately good watchdog ability, but protective ability on the low side.  Also, they are pretty good at withstanding both cold and hot conditions.

The Boston Terriers overall temperament is a sensitive dog. They are known to be very playful dogs, and enjoys the devotion of their owners, but can be somewhat stubborn. 

The coloration is a seal, black with white markings on the muzzle, and also brindle color.  Their weight is about 23lbs on average, with 16″ shoulder height.  The primary health issues to address are seizures, demodicosis, deafness. 

The Boston Terrier’s life expectancy is 10 to 14 years.

Bichon Frise – the origin of what is known as the Bichon Frise involved cross-breeding with the Barbet, which is a small coated white dog, with its origin in the Mediterranean.  After years of cross-breeding came the outcome of what is known as the Bichon Frise.  After that, the America FCI then adopted this breed in 1933.  Popularity came about and took off with this breed being recognized by the AKC in 1971. 

The Bichon Frise listed is four types: the Havanese, the Maltaise, the Tenerife, and the Bolognese.  The Bichon Frise has an outgoing personality and is a enjoy having around.  This dog is a great entertainer as it is known to be bouncy by nature, with a perky characteristic.  The Bichon Frise loves to be around its owner, and it does not like to be left alone.

The Bichon Frise profile is a lapdog that learns quickly, is energetic, playful, and a great companion.  In review, they are very good with other pets, very friendly with other dogs, and excellent with friendliness toward strangers, but require interaction with other people.

They are easy to train for the novice. The Bichon Frise requires daily exercise, which helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  They have moderately good watchdog ability, but protective ability ranks on the low side. Also, they are pretty good at withstanding both cold and hot conditions.

Grooming requirements are a must, at least a few times weekly.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are playful with an outgoing personality.  The coloration is white.  Their weight is about 15lbs for male on average, and a little less for female, with 11″ shoulder height on average. 

The primary health issues to address are allergies and patellar luxation. 

The Bichon Frise life expectancy is 12 to 15 years.

Chinese Shar-Pei – this unique breed is known for its distinctive wrinkled features. Their original function was being a guard dog and a watchdog. The Chinese Shar-Pei likely originated in China and likely has a common ancestor with the Chow Chow. They are the only two breeds in existence with black and blue tongues.  Also, their common ancestry extends over 2000 years with their origin found in the Southern parts of China during the Han Dynasty.  The history of this dog became lost after China became a Communist nation which saw most of China’s dogs disappear leaving only a small number on the outskirts of the highest populated settlements.

This breed was later brought back from the turning point of extinction by American dog fanciers after learning of the plight of the dog’s breed.  The Americans stepped in to acquire what Shar-Peis they could, and the breed has since been brought back of the brink from extinction.  Since 1973 the Chinese Shar-Pei has continued to gain popularity in the States and is one of the trendy American dogs.

The Chinese Shar-Pei profile is one of an independent, stubborn, and a very self-possessed dog.  However, this dog is very devoted to its family and very protective of its family.  In review, the Chinese Shar-Pei is very friendly with other pets, but not so much friendly with other dogs.  Also, this dog is unlikely friendly toward strangers.  They are not as easy to train for the novices as other dogs. Their affection level is also low. 

The Chinese Shar-Pei requires daily exercise, which helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation, and they like to play games with their owners.  They have excellent watchdog ability and a very high protective ability.  Also, they are pretty good at withstanding both cold and hot conditions.  Grooming requirements are a must, with weekly brushing, and to periodically check inside the wrinkles for skin irritation.

With regards to their overall temperaments, these dogs classified as somewhat stubborn dogs. 

The coloration is any solid color, including sable. 

Their weight is about 53lbs on average, with 19″ shoulder height. 

The primary health issues to address are entropion, CHD.  The Chin’s life expectancy is 8 to 10 years. 

Shiba Inu – a beautiful dog to say the least, but this breed of dog is from the Spitz family of ancient Japanese breeds.  They are unique when compared to other dogs, as their behavior is more cat-like.  Being a native Japanese dog breed their origin is, however, not clear. The Spitz family breed has been around since 300 B.C. in Central Japan used these dogs as hunting dogs to flush out the small game and are sometimes used for hunting boar.  Nearly lost to history after WWII to distemper it was not until 1952, the Shiba Inu breed brought back from the turning point of extinction.  Although the Shiba Inu later gained popularity in the States, there are three other related breeds including was Shinshu Shiba, the Myno Shiba, and the Sanin Shiba.

The Shiba Inu profile is one of independence, head-strong and bold and self-confident.  When outside the home, this breed is very active but takes on a calmer persona — the Shiba Inu best known to be very devoted to their family and very protective of their family. 

In review, they are relatively friendly with other pets, and also reasonably friendly with other dogs.  Also, this dog is likely friendly toward strangers.  They are not as easy to train for the novices as other dogs. Their affection level is also low, as they do not want to be in the home with other pets or children.

The Shiba Inu requires daily exercise with long walks, which helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.

They have excellent watchdog ability, and protective ability is good. Also, these dogs are good at withstanding cold and relatively good with the heat conditions. Grooming requirements are a must, with weekly brushing.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are head-strong, lively outdoors, and self-confident dogs.  The coloration is red, black and tan, and sesame red.  Their weight is about 22lb for male on average, and about 17lbs for females on average, with 16″ shoulder height for male and 15″ for female. 

The primary health issues to address are Patellar Luxation.  The Shiba Inu life expectancy is 12 to 15 years.

Please refer to the site’s section: Before deciding on any particular cat or dog.  There are additional tips to keep in mind and a reference section for general dog care.

Consider the pet that is right for its owner and when choosing a dog to consider its personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent.  They depend on a caretaker if they are both a house dog and an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs depend on their needs for water, food, shelter, and general care needs, such as veterinarians’ check-ups.

As noted, these are among the most popular of the Non-Sporting Group today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of the non-sporting group waiting for further research.

• American Eskimo Dog
• Bichon Frise
• Boston Terrier
• Bulldog
• Chinese Shar-Pei
• Chow Chow
• Cotton de Tulear
• Dalmatian
• Finnish Spitz
• French Bulldog
• Keeshond
• Lhasa Apso
• Löwchen
• Norwegian Lundehund
• Poodle (Standard and Miniature)
• Schipperke
• Shiba Inu
• Tibetan Spaniel
• Tibetan Terrier
• Xoloitzcuintli

The Working Group – are recognized for their diversity of tasks, as they were initially bred for many tasks, including hunting, rescuing, and guarding.  Known for their intelligence, confidence, strength, hardiness, and endurance, these dogs have also proved to be great for companionship.  The working group also is known for their loyalty to humans and their range of breeds.  Since these dogs are diversified, evaluation is necessary to enhance relationship suitability with humans.

The Working Group is a favored breed of dogs in the US and other Western countries.  Some consider them as great family dogs, with their unique diversity and range of breeds from small up to more considerable stature.  Each breed and category had passed the test when it came to Intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability with children.  Because these dogs’ range in various sizes being from small to larger stature, they could be considered good apartment dogs, depending on one’s space requirements. In general, they would adapt to city living very well. 

The following five Working Group dogs are among the most popular:

Boxer – Known for its strength and robust looking features, the Boxer initially bred from two now-extinct breeds, the large Danziger Bullenbeiser bred with a smaller Brabender Bullenbeiser. The boxer is a German working dog.  In its early days, its functions were chasing down more big game like deer and wild boar. They would catch it and latch onto it with their jaws until their master would get there to kill it.

Long gone are the days when these dogs, when used as butcher’s dogs controlling cattle in slaughter-yards, their more mental functions included being used for guarding and later train for police assignments. The stature of the boxer captures its intelligence, and energetic demeanor, now regarded as a desirable family pet.

The Boxer profile is one of strength, playfulness, devotion, and inquisitiveness. Its stature stands on a sturdy and agile frame.  When outside the home, this breed is very active with its family but takes on a stubborn persona.  This dog is very devoted to its family and very protective of their family.

In review, they are relatively friendly with other pets, but they do show some aggression towards strange dogs. With regards to training, the Boxer is reasonably easy to train for the novice. Their affection level is also very high, making it the right pet in the home. The Boxer requires daily exercise with long walks and jogging (on a leash), which helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.

They have good watchdog ability and excellent protective ability.  Also, these dogs are fair at withstanding cold but have low tolerance with heat conditions.  Grooming requirements are a must, with weekly brushing.  The boxer prefers not to live outside the home.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are head-strong, lively outdoors, and are a self-confident dog. 

The coloration is brindle color and fawn. The boxer weight is about 75lb for male on average, and about 60lbs for females on average, also 24″ shoulder height for male and 23″ for female on average.  The primary health issues to address are SAS and boxer cardiomyopathy.  Their life expectancy is 8 to 10 years.

Rottweiler – this breed reaches back through a long extensive history with its ancestry dating back to Roman times. The Rottweiler breed of dog is known for its ability throughout its earlier history as cattle guarding dog, and later transformed to a butcher’s dog, then as a draft carrier dog but was later replaced by donkeys.  At one point around 1905, the Rottweiler breed came close to extinction.  There was a couple of dog fancier clubs created in 1907, and from this, the bred quickly got promoted as a police dog.  The dogs’ history entails the functions of a successful mountaineer dog, a police dog, and a military guard.  Nowadays the Rottweiler as a breed is among the most popular breeds in the U.S.A.

The Rottweiler profile is one of strength, confidence, alertness, and devotion. Its stature stands on a sturdy and agile frame.  When outside the home, this breed is very active with its family but takes on a stubborn and head-strong persona.  This dog is very devoted to its family and very protective of their families.  

In review, they are relatively friendly with other pets, but they do show some aggression towards strange dogs.  Concerning training, the Rottweiler is good to train for the novice.

The Rottweiler affection level is fair; as they are a favorable choice in the home; however, they are quite reserved toward strangers.  The Rottweiler requires socialization, along with daily exercise with long walks, and jogging (on a leash) which helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  The Rottweiler is known as a mighty dog.

They are ranked high for watchdog ability, and excellent for protective ability, and they are good at withstanding cold and reasonably good with the heat conditions. Grooming requirements are a must with periodical brushing.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are head-strong and confident.

The coloration is black with various tan area touches on neck, chest, and legs. Their weight is about 110lb for male on average, and about 90lbs more for females on average. The shoulder height is 26″ for males and 24″ for female on average. 

Rottweiler primary health issues to address are elbow dysplasia, osteosarcoma, CHD.  Their life expectancy is 8 to 11 years.

Doberman Pinscher – has a sharp, clean, sleek look, with the showmanship of elegance. The Interesting history of the Doberman started initially been in Germany when a gentleman named Louis Dobermann of Thurigen who required having a watchdog to accompany him on his routes as a tax-collector.  Out of the need for his protection, the Doberman Pinscher came into existence after cross-breeding with the old German Shepherd and German Pinscher. The dog arrived in America and Europe in 1908 and was known to be an excellent guard dog and a police dog.  By 1977 the Doberman Pinscher became a favorite dog in America for the American family.

The Doberman Pinscher‘s profile is one of strength, intelligence, confident, alertness, and is devoted to protecting its family.  Its stature stands on one of the commands from its owner’s directives, as it helps with mentally challenging these animals, which also helps with overall obedience.  This breed of dog is domineering at times.  In review, they are generally friendly with other pets, and relatively friendly towards strange dogs.

Concerning training, the Doberman Pinscher is very good to train for the novice. Their affection level is inevitable, making them a favorable pet in the home, as it is very protective of its family. The Doberman requires daily exercise with long walks, long jogs to help ease any frustration and prevent destructiveness.  Exercise also helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  The Doberman Pinscher is

a mighty dog.

Overall, Doberman Pinscher usually ranked excellent for watchdog ability and excellent for protection ability.  Also, Dobermans are known to be good at withstanding cold and relatively good with the heat conditions.  Grooming requirements are regular brushing.  

With regards to their overall temperament, they are ready to guard and are confident.

The coloration is black, blue, red, and fawn color. These dogs’ weight is about 75lb on average, also 26″ shoulder height for males and 25″ for females on average. 

The primary health issues to address are cardiomyopathy.  The Doberman Pinscher’s life expectancy is 10 to 12 years.

Siberian Husky – originating in Northeast Asia and belonging to the Spitz family of dogs.  Overall, this is a medium-size dog that functions as a working breed and uses as sled dogs. These dogs initially were bred by the Chukchi people in the Chukchi Peninsula (of eastern Siberia) and used for the support of their culture.  Although these dogs existed for thousands of years, they gained more popularity with Americans who used them for sled-dog racing around 1908.  Siberian Huskies are known for their thick fur, distinctive markings, and erect ears.  They remain a favorite among the many types of family pets.

The Siberian Huskies profile is one of strength, intelligence/clever, mischievous and independent.  This breed of dog is playful and loves to roam, so securing a leash is suggested.  By nature, the Husky breed is a chaser of livestock, so monitoring should always be in place.  It is devoted to protecting its family and loves the company of humans and other canine companions.  Overall, this is a friendly lovable dog, and it acts on the commands of its owner’s directives.  In review, they are generally friendly with other pets, and at the same time relatively good towards strange dogs.

With regards to training, the Siberian Husky is recommended breed for the novice. Their affection level is excellent, making them a favorable pet choice to have in the home; however, this breed ranks fair as a protector of its family. The Siberian Husky requires daily exercise with long walks or a long run in a secure area.  The Husky is known for its power, endurance, and speed with a history of being raced in sled dog teams.

Also, they are excellent with withstanding cold but would suffer in the hot weather. Grooming requirements are regular brushing.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are adventurous and alert. The coloration is all colors from pure white to black. Their weight is about 55lb for males on average, and 45lbs on average for females, with 22″ shoulder height for males and 21″ for females on average.  There are no major health issues to address.  Their life expectancy is 11 to 13 years.

Newfoundland – originated in Canada and also called the Landseer.  These dogs bred as working dogs for the fishermen in the region of Newfoundland. Beyond providing support for the fishermen, this breed was also bred to be a water rescue dog, due to their muscular stature and their swimming abilities.  Today, they continue with the same function of water rescue but is also recognized as a big dog, keeping its demeanor as a lovable, affectionate, loyal dog despite its large size.

The Newfoundland’s profile is one of easy-going, peaceful, courageous, intelligent, amiable, and gentle.  The Newfoundland breed is devoted to its family and is known as a friendly dog. Its stature stands on one of the commands of its owner’s directives, and it is protective of its family.  In review, they are generally extremely friendly with other pets and excellent in socializing with strange dogs.  Concerning training, the Newfoundland is good to train for the novice.

Their affection level is excellent, as this breed is known not only for their gentleness but for their sweet nature, making it an excellent choice to consider for the pet in the home. The Newfoundland requires daily exercise with short walks, to maintain their fitness level balance.  Exercise also helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  This breed loves to swim mostly in colder weather.   

They are ranked suitable for watchdog ability, and very good for protective ability.  Also, these dogs are excellent at withstanding cold but relatively low tolerance with the humid conditions. Grooming requirements are a must, with brushing a few times weekly.

Their overall temperament is of a gentle. The coloration is solid black, gray, and brown color in general. The Newfoundland weight is about 145 5lb for males on average, and 115lbs for females, with 28″ shoulder height for males and 26″ for female.

The primary health issues to address are a disease of elbow dysplasia and gastric torsion.  The Newfoundland life expectancy is 8 to 10 years.

Please refer to the site’s section: Before deciding on any particular cat or dog. There are additional tips to keep in mind and a reference section for general caring for a dog.

Consider the pet that is right for its owner, when choosing a dog to consider its personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent.  They depend on a caretaker if they are both a house dog and an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs depend on their needs for water, food, shelter, and general care needs, such as veterinarian’s check-ups.

As noted, these are among the most popular of the Working Group today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of Working Dogs waiting for further research.

• Akita
• Alaskan Malamute
• Anatolian Shepherd
• Bernese Mountain Dog
• Black Russian Terrier
• Boerboel
• Boxer
• Bullmastiff
• Cane Corso
• Chinook
• Doberman Pinscher
• Dogue de Bordeaux
• German Pinscher
• Giant Schnauzer
• Great Dane
• Great Pyrenees
• Greater Swiss Mountain Dog
• Komondor
• Kuvasz
• Leonberger
• Mastiff
• Neapolitan Mastiff
• Newfoundland
• Portuguese Water Dog
• Rottweiler
• Saint Bernard
• Samoyed
• Siberian Husky
• Standard Schnauzer

Tibetan Mastiff

The Herding Group – this is another diversified dog breed that is known for its versatility and moderates to high intelligence.  These dogs ranked as highly intelligent with the ability to control, lead, and shepherd other animals.  Like the German Shepherd, it has been a favorite of many American families through the past decades, and they remain a part of many families today.  

While known to be a shepherd of other animals they can work well with their owners, adhering to their owner’s commands, and are very devoted to their owners.  Because the size of this dog ranges from small to a larger size, they could be considered good apartment dogs, depending on their space requirements. In general, they would adapt to city living very well.

The following five Herding Group dogs are among the most popular:

Shetland Sheepdog – is a Native of Scotland and this breed of dog descends from the Scottish Collie and King Charles Spaniel and was later cross-bred with Shetland herding dogs and crossed with Collies, this established today’s Shetland sheepdog.

Today, the Shetland Sheepdog is known to be gentle and very alert.  They are capable of forming an excellent loving relationship with their owner and are very willing to please their owners.  These dogs are built with healthy muscle and are very strong, but despite this, they are a great pet choice for families that have children.  Shetland Sheepdogs love to be social and have fun, being a susceptible and compassionate dog.  

The highlights of this breed indicate they have excellent watchdog ability, but a low protection ability, although as a breed they are popular.  According to animal experts, the Shetland Sheepdog is ranked number 6 of 132 as one of the extremely bright dogs.  They are fast learners and very obedient as a loving pet.

The Shetland Sheepdog weighs about 20lbs approximately, with shoulder height on average of 16″.  Their coloration is, sable, blue merle, black, with patches of white; and tan.  The Shetland Sheepdog breed is known to be very active, playful, affectionate and shows excellent friendliness towards other pets, but reserved around strangers.

Their ease of training makes them excellent for the novice, but it requires exercise with walking and some jogging.  The Shetland Sheepdog coat needs to be brushed or combed regularly. 

Research shows their primary concern with health is dermatomyositis; with minor concerns of trichiasis cataract, hemophilia, Legg-Perthes, patellar luxation, allergies, and CHD.  The Shetland Sheepdog has a life span of 12 to 14 years.

Pembroke Welsh Corgi – originated in Pembrokeshire, South Wales with its ability of sheep herding, then also pony and cattle herding.  Unfortunately, the exact origin of this breed is not traceable to date.  This breed is a favorite of Queen Elizabeth II and has been a favorite of the Royals over the past seven decades.  Being the smallest of the herding group of dogs, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi ranked as an intelligent dog.

These small frame dogs are considered a luxury companion pet and described as a very affectionate, and loving pet.  They are eager to follow their owner’s commands, and they are considered by some pet owners to be a loving pet. 

This breed of dog is a social dog that needs the socialization and the attention of other dogs, pets, children, and its owner, as this would help them avoid any anti-social behavior and concerns with aggression.  Pembroke Welsh Corgis retain some of its herding instincts, as it continues to chase after anything that moves.  In all, these dogs love to follow their owner and are fun to be around.

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi profile is one of very active, intelligent, and eager to please its owner.  This breed is known to be a devoted and friendly dog.  Its stature stands on one of the commands of its owner’s directives, it is protective of its family and will bark as needed.  In review, they are generally very friendly with other pets, and very good in socializing with strange dogs and other strangers.

With regards to training, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is an excellent breed to train for the novice. Their affection level is excellent, as this breed is known not only for their gentleness but for their sweet nature, making them favorable pet for in the home. 

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi requires daily exercise with moderate walks, to help balance fitness level, as they are prone to obesity.  Exercise also helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  They are ranked high for watchdog ability, and very good for protective ability. Also, they are good at withstanding cold and good with the humid conditions as well. Grooming requirements are a must, and they need brushing once weekly.  

Pembroke Welsh Corgieir overall temperament is one of being gentle but quick-witted.

The coloration is black and tan, red, stable, and fawn color. Pembroke Welsh Corgi weight is about 27lbs for males on average, and 25lbs for females, with shoulder height at 11″ on average.  The primary health issues to address are hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy (DM), and eye problems. 

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi’s life expectancy is 12 to 15 years.

Collie – originated in Northern England and Scotland in the 1800s however; the exact origin of this dog remains unknown, but they have the same function of being a herding dog for cattle, livestock, sheep and also used as guard dogs.  These dogs are very active and have a strong instinct to chase after things. 

The Collie breed has spread across the world, and they have become a favorite pet in the home.  They have also maintained their original function of being a working dog, while some participate in dog shows.  There are various breeds of Collie, including Rough Collies, Shetland Sheepdogs, and the Smooth Collies bred as pets, and for shows.

The Collies profile is one of easy-going, peaceful, courageous, intelligent, amiable, and gentle.  This breed is devoted to family and is known as a friendly dog, just like the story of the dog named Lassie in the American television show called Lassie.  Its stature is calm, showing loyalty to its owner.  In review, they are generally very friendly with other pets and classed as good at socializing with strange dogs. 

With regards to training, Collies are a good dog to train for the novice.  Their affection level is also relatively good, as this breed is known not only for their gentleness but for their sweet nature, which makes them an excellent choice as a pet for the home. The Collie requires daily exercise with walks and playing to help with keeping their fitness balance.  Exercise also helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation. 

Collies are ranked suitable for watchdog ability and have an excellent protective ability.  Also, these dogs are good at withstanding cold but have a low tolerance with hot, humid conditions. Grooming requirements are a must, by brushing this pet weekly.  

With regards to their overall temperament, they are gentle.  The coloration is white and sable, with tricolor, blue merle, gray and brown color in general. Their weight is about 70lb for males on average, and on average 60lbs or more for females, with 25″ shoulder height for males and 24″ for females.  There are no major health issues to address. 

The Collies life expectancy is 8 to 10 years.

Old English Sheepdog – these dogs are native to England and are described as a large herding dog recognized for their thick, shaggy grey and white coat. Their function and ability are to herd both sheep and cattle to a market place.  However, this breed sometime in the 1900s became a popular show exhibit, and AKC later recognized them in 1905.  It was not until 1970 when their popularity grew as an exotic pet.   Since the 1970s the Old English Sheepdog has maintained its popularity as an excellent pet.

The Old English Sheepdog profile is one of easy-going, peaceful, and jolly, sociable and adaptable.  This breed is devoted to family, as is known as a friendly dog. Its stature stands on one of the commands of its owner’s directives and is protective of its family.  In review, they are generally very friendly with other pets and good in socializing with other dogs.

With regards to training, the Old English Sheepdog is reasonably suitable to train for the novice. Their affection level is excellent, as this breed is known not only for their gentleness, but they are non-aggressive, making them a possible, desirable choice for a pet for the home. The Old English Sheepdog requires daily exercise with moderate walks, to help to balance fitness.  Exercise also helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  

They are ranked suitable for watchdog ability, and good for protective ability.  Also, Old English Sheepdog is excellent at withstanding cold but relatively low tolerance with hot, humid conditions. Grooming requirements are a must, and they need to be brushed a few times weekly.

The overall temperament of this dog is gentle. The coloration is solid black, gray, and brown color in general.  Old English Sheepdog weight is about 85lbs for males on average, and 75lbs or more for females, with 22″ shoulder height for males and 21″ for females.  The primary health issues to address CHD. 

The Old English Sheepdog’s life expectancy is 10 to 12 years.

Puli – is a small size a dog with its origins of breed coming from Hungary.  This herding dog primary function was as a livestock guardian.  The Puli’s body has a long thick corded coat, appearing similar to dreadlocks.  However, some of the corded coat could be thinner or thicker with some appearing flat.  Although it requires regular trimming, the corded coat does continue to grow out with minimal shedding taking place.

The Puli’s profile is of an intelligent, courageous, robust, agile, fast and active, and an energetic dog.  This breed is devoted to its family and is known as a friendly pet.  The Puli complies with the commands from its owner’s directives, and they are protective of their family.  In review, they are generally reserved with a stranger and reserved with other dogs. The Puli is very friendly with children. 

With regards to training, the Puli is somewhat reasonable to train for the novice.  Their affection level is a little on the low side, although this breed is very energetic. The Puli requires daily exercise with short walks, running, jogging, or just a walk to help balance fitness level.  Exercise also helps to aid them with obedience and helps them with mental and physical stimulation.  Without regular exercise, this breed may become destructive.  The Puli is a housebound dog but will require space and requires monitoring.

Puli ranked excellent for watchdog ability and excellent for protective ability.  Also, they are very good at withstanding cold but relatively tolerance low with humid conditions.  Grooming requirements are a must and need brushing a few times weekly.

With regards to their overall temperament, they are active, agile, and intelligent dogs. The coloration is solid black, gray and rusty black, or white color in general. Their weight is about 30 for males on average, with 17″ shoulder height for males and 16″ for females — the major health issues to address CHD. 

The Puli’s life expectancy is 10 to 15 years.

Please refer to the site’s section: Before deciding on any particular cat or dog.  There are additional tips to keep in mind and reference section for general caring for a dog.

Consider the pet that is right for the family or owner, when choosing a dog to consider its personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent.  They depend on a caretaker if they are both a house dog and an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs depend on their needs for water, food, shelter, and general care needs, such as veterinarian’s check-ups. 

As noted, these are among the most popular of the Herding Group today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of Herding dogs waiting for further research.

• Australian Cattle Dog
• Australian Shepherd
• Bearded Collie
• Beauceron
• Belgian Malinois
• Belgian Sheepdog
• Belgian Tervuren
• Bergamasco
• Berger Picard
• Border Collie
• Bouvier des Flandres
• Briard
• Canaan Dog
• Collie
• Entlebucher Mountain Dog
• Finnish Lapphund
• German Shepherd Dog
• Icelandic Sheepdog
• Norwegian Buhund
• Old English Sheepdog
• Polish Lowland Sheepdog
• Puli
• Pyrenean Shepherd
• Shetland Sheepdog
• Spanish Water Dog
• Swedish Vallhund
• Cardigan Welsh Corgi

Pembroke Welsh Corgi

The Toy Group – a unique breed of dogs with some dating back to ancient times.  They are unique for their small stature, their breed selection, and they are a favorite to many, including celebrities.  There is no way of knowing about their characteristics, as these dogs initially bred with other dogs, and some of their origins cannot be detected by research due to their ancient past.  Although these smaller dogs are cute and adorable, we suggest diligent research when choosing the right small dog suited for its owner or their family.

The following five Toy Group dogs are among the most popular:

The Toy Poodle – also known as the miniature poodle.  The Miniature Poodle – the toy poodle history dates to its origin in France with the first recognized breed as known as the Barbet, a curly-coated dog bred with other curly-coated dogs that originated in Central Asia.  It was the poodle that originated in Germany that had the most influence over the poodle we know today. 

The poodle was known to have a pretty colorful history of being a guard dog, guide dog, a military dog, a service dog, and circus performer.  Today, these Miniature and Standard poodles are a showcase in pet shows, and some employed as actors on the big screen.   

The Standard Poodle known for its Intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability with children, these are things that this dog is known to be the best at in its profile.  Because these miniature and standard poodles are from small to medium size dogs, overall, they are considered good apartment dogs.  For upkeeps the Poodle requires a lot of attention and interaction with people and they require frequent maintenance by their owners or by a hired professional dog groomer.

In review, the Miniature and Standard poodle ranked as very high watchdog ability, with little protection ability for Miniatures and very high protection ability for the Standard Poodle.  These Standard poodles and the Miniature Poodle have a very high energy level; they are a bright breed and easy to train. They are also moderately accepting of strangers, quite friendly towards other pets, and classified as moderately friendly towards other strange dogs.  Both the Standard Poodle and the Miniature Poodle are affectionate to their owner.

To groom these animals, they require special attention brushing daily and grooming their coat.  They require regular exercise for both mental and physical stimulation.  Overall, these breeds love to be sociable and are considered to be playful with children.

Their overall temperament, they are bright and easy to train; as they are alert, responsive, playful, sensitive, lively, and devoted to their family.  The coloration comes in various shades of any solid color, blue, gray, black, or white.  For the Miniature Poodle, their weight is about 15lbs on average, with 12″ shoulder height.  For the Standard Poodle, their weight is 55lbs average, with their shoulder height 20″.

For the Miniature, the major health issues to address are patellar luxation, Legg-Perthes, epilepsy.  The Miniature and Standard Poodles life expectancy are 13 to 15 years.  The Standard Poodle, the major health issues to address are Gastric torsion, Addison, and Sebaceous Adenitis. 

The Miniature and Standard poodle life expectancy are 10 to 13 years.

Chihuahua – likely originated in Mexico over 1400 years before the arrival of the Europeans.  The discovery of the Chihuahua dates around 1325 AD. The Kennel Club recognizes the Chihuahua as one of the smallest breeds.

There are two breed coat types, including the Smooth Coat (shorthaired) and Long Coat (longhaired).  Although the two breeds are different with one having an “apple head” (“rounded head”) and the other having a “deer head” (flat-topped heads), they are easy to maintain.

Although there are two different theories of their original origins, the most probable origin indicates that the Chihuahua is descendant from a small mute red dog from the Central and South American civilization used in Toltec Religious rituals.  This dog is likely to have been crossed with small Chinese hairless dogs.

Chihuahua is known for its gracefulness, loyalty, and for being compacted and small.  The Chihuahuas described as slightly shorter in height than their body length.  They are very alert with an attitude more like a terrier.

Also, Chihuahua is known for their Intelligence, loyalty, gentleness, and reliability are things this dog to be best for in its profile because these small dogs considered good apartment dog if living in the city.  

Overall, they are a good family dog, therefore, considered as a good companion. For upkeep, the Chihuahua needs veterinary care for their teeth and birthing.  Chihuahuas need proper dental care because their teeth are weaker as a result of their small jaw sizes.  Therefore, it is best to feed them a diet to enhance their dental health by giving them dental chews for dogs, which would help with tartar and plaque accumulation and would also help to prevent severe diseases.  

Chihuahua overall temperament, it would depend on the genetic temperament of its parents.  Nevertheless, Chihuahua will burrow themselves beneath covers.  They are less likely to be trained for obedience, although all dogs should acquire some form of obedience training, as this would help them become alert and responsive to their owner’s commands.  Chihuahuas are a playful, sensitive, lively, and a devoted dog to their family, this breed is exceptionally protective and dedicated to its owner.

Chihuahuas coloration comes in various shades of colors with solid black, sable, white, or spotted variations. They stand on average 6″ to 9″ at shoulder or less, with a weight of less than 6-lbs.  Chihuahuas are affected by health concerns like hydrocephalus.  Therefore, they would benefit from routine Vet check-ups for overall health concerns and also Veterinary attention to birthing and dental care. 

The Chihuahuas life expectancy is 12 to 20 years.

In review, the Chihuahua ranks as very high watchdog ability, low protection ability, high energy level, with their responsiveness to training fair.  They are also reserved but friendly towards strangers, moderately friendly towards other pets, but ranked with low tolerance towards other strange dogs.  Chihuahuas are somewhat affectionate, and they are devoted to their owners. 

Chihuahua needs occasional grooming.  Their exercise needs are low, as they would get required exercise by running around in the home.  Overall, these breeds are trendy and are considered somewhat playful but get along well with others of their kind.

Pug – the distinctive features of the pug, could be contributed to his wrinkled sculptured face, the firm developed muscle and compact short framed body.  The pug originated in China and later became popularized in Western Europe in the 16^th Century.  Over the centuries the pug became a favorite for Queen Victoria in the 19^th Century, and it retained it popularly into the 21 Century.  The Pug classified as being a social, charming, loveable, and gentle dog.

The Pug coat is that of being smooth, with the color characteristics of apricot fawn, silver fawn, or black coloration, and with the fawn as its natural coloration. The Pug’s tail and how it curls over on its back is the unique characteristics of the breed.

The Pug temperament, says a lot about a small frame dog, with his overall demeanor being a charming, gentle family companion.  At times they could be docile and quiet.  They are responsive to training with a mixture of moderate walks and playing fun games to help train for obedience where they would know to become alert and responsive to their owner’s commands.

Pugs are playful, sensitive, lively, and devoted to their family and in particular, this breed is exceptionally protective and dedicated to their owner, yet they love the attention of their owners.  Overall, the Pugs are somewhat stubborn, yet they have a charming dignity and comedic personality.  The Pug is also a confident and amiable canine friend.

This breed stands on average 10.5″ shoulder height, with a weight of 16-lbs on average.  Pug could be affected by the health concerns of brachycephalic syndrome, CHD, Pug encephalitis. 

The Pug’s life span is 12 to 15 years.

In review, the Pug ranked as very high watchdog ability, low protection ability, with moderate energy level, and a relatively easy breed to train.  The Pug is also a little reserved towards strangers, moderately friendly towards other pets and ranked as moderately friendly towards other strange dogs.

To groom these animals, they require minimal attention.  They require regular exercise by walking and playing games for both mental and physical stimulation.  Overall, these breeds love to be sociable and are known to be playful with children.

Maltese – the refined features of the Maltese likely contributed to their descendants in the Spitz family type dog, with their origin being European.  There is persuasive evidence that the breed also originated in Asia, with the probability of its true origins not known. 

Of the ancient European toy breed, the Maltese are among the oldest, with the breed going back to the first port of trading on the Island of Malta in 1500 B.C.  When the Phoenician sailors visited they had these little dogs as pets.  They were explicitly mentioned in writings and illustration in 300 B.C. in Greek Art that shown dogs of Maltese type from the 5^th Century on.   It seems they made their way through the Middle East via Europe when Nomadic Tribes migrated. These early Maltese’s mostly used in rodent control.

The Maltese today classified as being a lapdog, loveable, and a gentle dog.  The Maltese’s coat is that of being smooth, with the color characteristics of silky white as its natural coloration.

The showcase of this breed is the characteristics of its body structure and facial expression. Further unique characteristics are its rounded skull with brown eyes and black button nose. 

The Maltese have a bit of a wild strike, and they love to play and run around.  Although they look innocent, they are feisty, and bold, and will challenge bigger dogs.  With strangers, they are reserved.  Some individuals like to bark a lot.

The length of the Maltese’s body should equal its height with their tail curled.  This breed stands on average 8.5″ at shoulder, with a weight of 5.5lbs on average.

Maltese have no health concerns that are major with this breed; however, minor health concerns are Patellar Luxation, Open fontanel, Hypoglycemia, occasionally deafness and Shake Syndrome.

The Maltese’s life expectancy is 12 to 14 years.

In review, the Maltese ranked as very high watchdog ability, but low protection ability, being a quiet and energetic dog, and they are an easy breed to train.  They are also friendly towards other pets and dogs. These dogs can be affectionate and known to be devoted to their owners.  This breed requires regular grooming.  There is a limited need for exercise apart from running around its territory.

Pomeranian – the Spitz family of dogs, has the Pomeranian as its tiniest member. Its ancestors were tough and pulled sleds.  It is not known precisely when they started to breed them down in size or where the minimization happened, but specifically, Pomerania and likely Germany were the most likely places this happen. The Pomeranians ancestor is probably a Spitz breed called a “Deutscher.”  This breed was also own as a pet by royalty, with a very small Pomeranian owned by Queen Victoria.  The smaller variety is the one that came widespread and popular.  In all, the Pomeranian is usually an entirely healthy and sturdy dog.

The Pomeranian is a busy little dog every day, and he is bold and bouncy.  They are self-confident, attentive, courageous, and even cocky and love to go on an adventure or play games.  Some individuals can be bad-tempered, especially with other dogs.  Also, some will bark a lot.  These dogs are not the most relaxed dogs to train, and they have low tolerance with strangers and other dogs.

In review, the Pomeranians ranked with a very high watchdog ability, but low protection ability, with noticeable energy level, and they are quite responsive to training.  The affectionate level is low with these dogs.

To groom these animals, they require regular attention.  The Pomeranian requires minimum exercise by running around the home or the yard.  Overall, these breeds love to be sociable and are considered to be playful with children.

This breed stands at shoulder height 9″, with a weight of 4.5lbs on average. The universal health concerns the Pomeranian could be affected includes tracheal collapse and Luxating Patellar. 

The Pomeranian’s life expectancy is 12 to 16 years.

Please refer to the site’s section: Before deciding on any particular cat or dog. There are a few tips to keep in mind and reference section for general caring for a dog.

Consider the pet that is right for their owner, when choosing a dog to consider its personality, as dogs have a reputation for being dependent.  They depend on a caretaker if they are both a house dog and an outdoor dog.  Some essential needs depend on their needs for water, food, shelter, and general care needs, such as veterinarian check-ups.

As noted, these are among the most popular of the Toy Group today.  Listed below are the remaining breeds of Toy Group waiting for further research.

• Affenpinscher
• Brussels Griffon
• Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
• Chihuahua
• Chinese Crested Dog
• English Toy Spaniel
• Havanese
• Italian Greyhound
• Japanese Chin
• Maltese
• Toy Manchester Terrier
• Miniature Pinscher
• Papillon
• Pekingese
• Pomeranian
• Toy Poodle
• Pug
• Shih Tzu
• Silky Terrier
• Toy Fox Terrier

Yorkshire Terrier

Cats – Where did they come from, and why do we want them to be a part of our family?  The cats’ ancestors go back many thousands of years, with studies indicating that small wild cat like mammals were their ancestors about 12 million years ago.   As they evolved from this family of smaller cats, these earlier felines took different paths with some to change course into the larger cats like the lions, leopards, tigers, and cheetah. Moreover, other mid-sized cats like the Lynx, the Bobcat, and the Serval were cats that would become families of other wild breeds.  Smaller “wild” cats like the Sand Cat, the Jungle Cat, Scottish Wild Cat to name a few are some of the smaller “wild” cats that are closest related to the domestic cats that live in our homes and among the human population today.

Domesticated cats like our domesticated dogs also won over the hearts of many humans as we welcomed them into our families.  Today, humans are fortunate to have a selection of various breeds.  The breed and traits help us to navigate towards choosing the right kind of cat for us.

When choosing a particular breed as a potential owner, or a current owner consider the popularity of the cat and research its family of origin.  It may be helpful to know the animals’ profile by considering the overall animals’ functions, its temperament, and general health.  It may not only play a role in choosing the right cat fitted for an owner, but it may be vital to helping to narrow down the proper animal fitting for the owner’s personality.

Addressing the type of cat and the overall purpose of the cat should be a primary focus.  Figuring out the general use for the cat would help narrow down the right one when deciding.  Also, once choosing the particular breed, and bringing the cat into a home, remember that cats are independent creatures with their personalities.

The following is a brief overview of cat breeds and the cat categories to consider before choosing a pet cat:

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

The Sphynx – known to have the “finest” coat hair, or completely hairless, this breed of cats under way selective breeding during the 1960s.  Later, during the 1970s, the Canadians developed two different types of this breed of cat, which are now known as the Sphynx’s today.  

The refined features of the Sphynx could be contributed to the Pearson family of Wadena in Minnesota and crossed with a Canadian cat (Bambi, Punkie and Paloma) found in the location of Toronto.  This descendant of these crossbred cats was the foundation of what is known as the Sphynx of today.

The Sphynx we know today in North America and Europe is an easygoing breed of cat but are known to have extroverted behavior. They have somewhat a stable character and should be kept as an indoor cat, making them ideal for apartment living.  The Sphynx’s temperament, says a lot about a medium frame cat, with its overall demeanor being charming, with a good personality, that is gentle and is a good family companion. 

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature. This breed is also known to have loyal traits like a pet dog with its owner and will greet its owner. 

Temperament: The Sphynx is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.

The Sphynx does come with some health concerns, which is related to lack of a body coat (no fur) but may have a very light layer of fuzz.  Sphynxs are more prone to have ear infection due to lack of hair in their ear to protect from any wax build up.

Overall Health Concerns also come with too much exposure to sunlight, causing sunburns leading to possible cancer; likely as a result of lack of hair protection to protect them from the sun.

Grooming, due to their body oil build up the Sphynx also has to be bathed more frequently on a weekly schedule, as compared to other cats. Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post and mat. Also, these cats require attention from their owners.

Most importantly, bathing would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  Due to the Sphynx overall concerns with the health maintenance of the Sphynx, this cat requires a higher level of care.

The color pattern is bicolor, smoke, tabby, solid, tortoise, and van, with broken, whole or sometimes no whiskers. 

This breed of cat has large eyes, large ears, very muscular body, with a stiff neck, and medium body type.  They are known for their large almond-shaped eyes compared to other cats.

This breed has a weight of 12lbs for both sexes on average.

Health concerns: The Sphynx could be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.  Their life expectancy is from 8 to 15 years. 

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Sphynx breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding style.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A right litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Moreover, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Sphynx acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, TICA.

British Shorthair Cat – as the American Shorthair is native to America, so too Britain has its cat called the British Shorthair, native to Great Britain.  Although the British Shorthair cat has a long history dating back to Egypt, Rome, this cat was accompanied by the soldiers during their invasion into Britain, and the Romans used these cats to protect their food from rodents.  The Romans were defeated during their invasion and left the cats behind to breed. 

Initially, these cats were used by the Romans for rodent control.  Also, these cats are related to the African wild cats called, the Felis Silvestri’s Lybisa, who for all domestic cats is the progenitor. The British Shorthair descended from the oldest breeds of cats in Britain that lived there for centuries until its relatives came to the New World (America). 

The British Shorthair had difficulty getting recognized much as the American Shorthair cat had in North America. Today, the British Shorthair cat has gained popularity, particularly in Britain and North America and welcomed by many pet lovers. 

Character and Temperament: They are ranked as somewhat affectionate, although not overactive and they like to be playful.  The British Shorthair cat is known as undemanding and quiet.  They are reserved for a while and could be a little bit standoffish (reticent) but would eventually connect with their owners.

For this cat to become a loyal and loving companion, they need their owner to give back a lot of attention and love to them.  The more love given them, the more they give back by appreciating their owner. They are also known to be great apartment cats.

The British Shorthair is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets and children, and they are generally loyal to their owners and other members of the family.  They are also an excellent cat for people who work, and they are not destructive. 

The British Shorthair Cat Coat is thick and dense, making the coating firm to the touch, being short but not wooly or double-coated.  This breed of cat makes a loud purring noise when calling out, and they do not like much petting. These cats prefer not to be picked up.  They also hate being kissed, but a soft pat on the head is fine.  

People who like to train animals favor the British Shorthair; this is because of their intelligence and their quiet nature.  Recently these cats have been in Hollywood films and commercials on televisions.  These cats can also learn small tricks on the spot.

Grooming, the British Shorthair cat requires low maintenance, and they need regular grooming of the body coat. Additional requirements are regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs. 

Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, and overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color pattern is any color as long as there is no evidence of hybridization which seen in chocolate or lavender, and combinations of white.  

This breed of cat has large eyes that are round and open wide.  The eyes set wide apart, and level, with their coat color similar to the eye color, and copper colored eyes are familiar.  Their ears are board-based and medium in size, that has round tips set far apart.  They have a very muscular body, with a stiff neck, and a medium body type.

This breed weighs 10lbs to 17lbs for males and females this breed weights 8lbs to 17lbs on average.

Health concerns the British shorthair like the American Shorthair represent exceptional hardiness in its health in general.  However, the only concern is inherited polycystic kidney disease (PKD).  This disease causes the kidney to develop multiple cysts, and this can lead to renal failure. A PKD test for genetics is available.

The British Shorthair’s life expectancy is 14 to 20 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Diet: feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that plenty of water is provided at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The British Shorthair acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, TICA.

The Burmese cat – this cat traces back to their native Country of Burma and further to a domestic cat named Wong Mau. This cat, during the period of the1930s, was brought to the United States by its owner, 

Dr. Joseph Thompson of San Francisco.  Studies have indicated that

Dr. Thompson, during his occupation as a Navy doctor and while stationed in Southeast Asia, took a liking to the shorthair cats in the region.  Initially, the cat was thought to be a Siamese cat, but in the native land of Asia, these cats were known as the “copper cats” because of their richness in brown color.  Dr. Thompson admired these cats for not only their beauty but their personality and character traits.

Once brought back to the United States, Dr. Thompson wanted to breed this cat to keep its unique features while maintaining type, color, and characteristics.  With the help of two breeders, Virginia Cobb of Newton Cattery, and Billie Gest of Gerstdale Cattery and a noted geneticist, Dr. Clyde E. Keeler of Harvard University, they began a cross-breeding program with the Siamese and the Burmese cat breed.  Through the breeding process, they acknowledged that Wong Mau had a gene-type of Siamese hybrid making her half Siamese and half Burmese, known today as a Tonkinese. 

The kittens of these crossed breeds were cross-bred back to one another and then again with their mother, Wong Mau.  After several generations, their color variants developed with some looking like Wong Mau and others looking like Tai Mau (seal-point Siamese) with some colors of dark chocolate brown. The process of breeding continued until Dr. Thompson settled on a color fitting to be known today as the Burmese cat and later the Tonkinese cat.  Finally, the cross-breeding of Wong Mau to a Seal-point was then called Tai Mau and is what is known today as the Burmese cat.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent as in super-smart, energetic, playful, and curious by nature. This breed is also known to have loyal traits to its owner. 

Temperament: the Burmese is relatively easy going, and is friendly towards, other pets and children, and would give their owners much love being very affectionate.  They remain very entertaining throughout their life-span, being full of amusement.

As noted by cat fanciers, Burmese have a temperament that differs between female and male.  The females, if spayed usually stay active and curious, while males are noticed by fanciers to become somewhat reserved or moderate in temperament after being spayed.  The coarseness of their voice sounds a bit grating, with them being less talkative compared to their kin the Siamese who is a bit more vocal.

Health concerns – the Burmese does come with some health concerns with an inherited genetic disorder that affects the development of the fetus’ skull, which is a recessive mutation that causes a congenital craniofacial defect joint in Contemporary Burmese.  They are also prone to gingivitis and even sensitive to anesthesia. However, feeding a high-quality tartar-control (in the teeth) dry food would remove some tartar.

Grooming, Burmese require regular dental check-ups for teeth cleaning, and regular yearly health check-ups in general.  Checkups for gingivitis are a must as this disease would lead to periodontal disease that relates to teeth, bone, and tissue loss, with other concerns that may affect and cause organ misfunctions.

There are additional requirements, such as regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing the cat twice per month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color pattern is blue, champagne, platinum, and sable.

This breed of cat has large eyes, set far back, and what appear to be medium-size ears, with the body physique medium, with a muscular build. Some males are larger, with rounded chest and medium body type.  The Burmese have a medium size head with a natural look appearance, giving a balance of well-proportioned body, with a height of medium range.

Burmese Coat is “fine,” short and close lying with a glossy, satin-like coat. This cat is described as an excellent overall impression and has well-balanced development.

This breed weights 6 to 8lbs females and for males’ average 8 to 10lbs for males to be not considered overweight.  

The Burmese’s life expectancy is 10 to 16 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened risk factors.

Overall, the Burmese breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Burmese acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, CCA, UFO, ACFA, TICA, TICA.

Domestic Short Hair Cat – also known as the “moggie” the Domestic Shorthair is not regarded as an actual breed in Britain. The ancestry of these cats is mixed and varies from one cat to another, similar to dogs known as mutts.  Domestic Shorthairs do appear in all shapes and sizes but sometimes are mistaken with other cat breeds.  Sometimes an owner would find that it is just coincidental if there is any resemblance to any particular breed and not an identification of its genetics.

Character and Temperament: The Domestic Shorthair cat varies in their personality as much as they differ in their appearance.  Some may describe a domestic cat as quiet, fun, clingy, adventurous, or a mixture of all these depending on the mood. They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature. They are also easy going, and friendly towards strangers, other pets and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.

The first thing to consider for the new pet is a visit a Vet soon after being settled into their new home.  A pet owner should discuss with their Vet what is the best way to look after their cat for its best interest.  Ask about exercise, wellness and nutrition, and necessary vaccines.

Health concerns – the Domestic shorthairs main health concern is over-eating because this could lead to other health problems, including obesity and other problems stemming from obesity.  These possible health concerns are kidney disease, back issues, heart disease.

Grooming – the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat’s nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners.  They are also low maintenance cat.

The color pattern is a solid color, tricolor tabby, or bi-colors.  The eyes come in a variety of colors such as blue, hazel, brown, and green.  

This breed of cat has normal size eyes, and what appear to be average-size ears, muscular body type, rounded head and paws, and medium body shape.  Generally, Domestic Shorthair cats are healthy; however, regular yearly vet check-ups are necessary and recommended.

Domestic Shorthair breed has a weight of 6 to 16lbs for both sexes on average. Their life expectancy is 12 to 14 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Domestic Shorthair breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the beloved cat with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Moreover, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

Domestic Shorthair acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA who recognizes 41 feline breeds, IPCBA (International Progressive Cat Breeders Alliance) recognizes 73 feline breeds.

Exotic Shorthair – the history of the Exotic Shorthair cat is unique in its development.  The cross-breeding and the development of these cats became an idea to breeders in the 1950s to mix Persian bloodlines with the American Shorthair bloodlines, and as a result, this produced a unique look and beautiful cat. Through the mixing with the American Shorthair, the Exotic Shorthair grew heavier, with a rounder head, short nose, and denser and longer coat.

Later by the efforts of CFA judge, Jane Martinke these cats were accepted as the Exotic Shorthairs eligible to compete for championship status by the CFA in 1967.  However, through the years, the Exotic cat continued to gain popularity, and the gene pool grew with exotic breeders mixing other breeds besides the American Shorthair.  These included “cross-breeding” of Burmese and Russian Blues to add to the shorthair gene pool.  The CFA and others disagreed and disallowed the outcrosses of the shorthair breed and left the Persian as the CFA’s only allowable outcross.  The Exotic cat became a favorite and best kitten by the CFA in 1991. By 1992 the Exotic cat grew in popularity among cat fanciers.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature.

Temperament: They are known to have somewhat of a quiet disposition with a laid-back mellow personality, yet they are also said to be livelier than Persians by some breeders and owners.  These cats enjoy playing and catching of objects with their owners.

They require attention from their owners, and they love to get involved and interact with others in the home.  This breed is also known to have loyal traits and is affectionate with their owner. The Exotic cat is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children.

Exotic cat body types stand with a good muscular build with a large to medium size, and a well-framed body type and well-structured back.  In general, the Exotic cat has the impression of a heavily boned well-balanced cat.  It has a Cobby type body with no evidence of obesity.  The head is round and massive, and the ears are small, round, tipped, tilted forward, with large eyes rounded, and legs short and thick.  

The density of the coat is soft, plush with a thick undercoat.  For the longer hair exotic standard, the coat hair should be a little longer and thicker.

Health concerns – Exotic cats do come with some health concerns with an inherited genetic disorder that affects the development of the fetus’s skull, which is a recessive mutation that causes a congenital craniofacial defect joint common in Contemporary Exotics.  They are also prone to gingivitis. However, feeding a high-quality tartar-control (in the teeth) dry food for the teeth would remove some tartar.

The Exotics most serious inherited health alert is with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) which is common in Persian, Himalayan, Exotics, and related breeds. This disease causes multiple cysts to develop in both kidneys resulting in renal failure.

Grooming, the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat’s nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing it twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

Color pattern – the color patterns represent all 96 patterns and colors, including the “pointed” patterns.  Outcrossing with the Persian is allowable.

This breed weights 10 -20lbs for both sexes on average.

The Exotic Shorthair’s life expectancy is 10 to 15 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Exotic breed is friendly and affectionate with their owners and are considered to be playful with children and others.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Moreover, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Exotic acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, AACE, ACFA, and UFO.

Persian – the Persian cat, is known to be an ancient breed. The Persian cat first originated in Mesopotamia, which is today known as Iran.  This breed has long hair, and this resulted most probably from a natural mutation.  The first longhair cat was brought to Europe by the 17th century by a nobleman who was Italian; he was a world traveler; his name was Pietro Della Valle.  This man back in 1626 is known to have brought the first longhair cat to Europe. 

Queen Victoria liked this breed and had one as a pet and like many other things associated with celebrities made the animal’s desirability assured.  These cats were first introduced into the United States in the 1900s and later became more popular all over the world.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature. The Persian breed is also known to be loyal to its owner. 

Temperament: The Persian cat is relatively easy going, and is friendly towards those they know, being also friendly with other pets and children. 

This cat loves to be petted and is a lap-sitter. Persian cats love attention from their owners and family members. In general, these cats have a quiet and peaceful and sweet demeanor.  The Persian cat is not as active like wanting to jump on kitchen counters but prefers to command things on a lower level via the floor or a sofa.

Health concerns – there are breathing difficulties caused by nostrils that get constricted; and also, dental issues (caused by teeth that do not mesh together well. Also, these cats have a tearing eye condition (cherry eye), heat sensitivity, polycystic kidney disease.   

This concern is inherited polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which causes the kidney to develop multiple cysts; this can lead to renal failure. A PKD test for genetics is available.  They suffer a predisposition to ringworm, and the infection is fungal.  Another disease called Seborrhea Olesa causes inkiness, which is a skin disease causing hair loss and redness.

Grooming requires the need for daily grooming is an important thing to remember when owing a Persian. Each day they must be thoroughly brushed and comb, and also remember to bathe them once monthly.  It is also important to wrap the cat’s eye daily, and their teeth must be brushed to eliminate the risk of dental disease.

Also, the additional requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing it twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  Most importantly, these cats require attention from their owners.

Color pattern – Persians come in an infinite variety of “patterns and colors.  There are seven solid colors including, blue, black, white, red, lilac and chocolate and cream, plus golden and silver division colors, shaded silver and chinchilla.  

The appearance of the Persian is distinctive, and it has a large round head, round eyes a that are large, nose that is short, and full cheeks.  

This cat breed has small ears with rounded tips.  Their short, thick neck supports their head connected to their sturdy, muscular body, which is known as the Cobby body type.  Short legs are typical of a Persian, and they have large, healthy long firm paws.  They have a short tail that is in proportion to their body.

This breed has a weight of 7 to 12lbs on average.

The Persian’s life expectancy is 10 to 17 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Persian breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A sturdy litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Persian acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, FIFe, TICA,

Ragdoll – the origins of this breed remains a mystery surrounded by controversy and tall tales.  The development of the Ragdoll came from its original owner, the late Ann Baker of Riverside, California in the 1960s who was a former Persian breeder.  The foundation cat from which the breed originated, named Josephine, was a semi-feral longhaired white female of unknown parentage. 

Later, the cat, “Josephine” was said to be struck by a car, and after this accident, studies referenced that Josephine had supposedly taken to a laboratory where it alleged that the government experimented that genetically altered the cat. The foundation applied genetic alteration which likely caused or contributed to producing kittens with traits of which the Ragdoll is known for, which is making them adaptable in most environments”.

The TICA’s genetics committee chairperson, Dr. Solveig Pflueger M.D. Ph.D. believes that since this type of engineering was not available in the 1960s, the foundation cat had some exceptional genes that likely got masked by Josephine’s dominant white color then producing these particular off-springs.

The Birman breed assisted the development of the Ragdoll breed of cats in its development.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, hardy, and curious by nature. These cats have a very divine sweat nature, and they make a great companion.

Temperament: They are known to be playful, vocal in general and a very quiet cat, but known to be independent.  These cats adapt quickly to most environments.  Ragdolls are gentle and easy-going and playful at times.  This breed matures slowly and is also known to be a loyal pet.

The Ragdoll friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  They are a well-balanced cat in general and reaching full coat and color at about the age of 3.

Health concerns are generally bladder stones and heart conditions known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which is usually a common form of heart disease in cats.

Grooming, the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color pattern comes in six colors, including, lilac, red, cream, chocolate, and blue.  Point colors might be solid colors.  All Ragdolls are “pointed,” and some come in bicolor and van-colors.

This breed of cat has large eyes, and medium ears, they are heavier boned, large size muscular body not fat, with a stiff neck, with medium body type.   The eyes are blue to be a pure Ragdoll.

This breed weights 15-20lbs for males and 10-15 for females, with full-size weight in four years at most.

The Ragdoll’s life expectancy is 15 to 20 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Ragdoll breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding affordable. Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry uses the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Ragdoll acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, RFCI, TICA, TICA.

Birman – As far as the origin of the breed of existence goes, there are no clear, definite records available.  Some say that the Temple Priests had them as a companion in the Mount of Lugh in Northern Burma. How this cat got to France is supported by many stories; like one of the two cats gifted for assisting in protecting the temple, or the story of them being smuggled by the Vanderbilt’s out of Burma.

In the middle of WWII, the Birman breed was all but wiped out. In Europe, there were only two cats alive after the war.  Baudoin-Crevoisier owned these two named Xenia De Kaabaa, and Orloff.

The offspring of the two preceding cats were the actual foundation of the breed in France after the war.  Although long-hair breeds like Siamese and Persian had to be outcrossed with them to rebuild the Birman breed still by the 1950s once again, they were producing purer Birman kittens.  In 1965 in Britain this breed was once again restored and recognized and in 1966 acknowledged by the Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA.

Character and Temperament: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature. The Birman is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner. 

Grooming – the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners but overall.

Color pattern- In 1959 the blue point color introduced by using Blue Persian lines, but actually, the first Birman cats were seal-points. English breeders later developed other colors like red, chocolate, tabby/lynx-points.  This breed also has a variety of color. 

The fur coat of the Birman ideally has a silky-texture and grows medium to long.  This breed has no undercoat (with less chance of matting) different from the Himalayan or Persian. The color of the coat must be pointed (meaning darker color extremities of the body).  Another trademark of this breed has gloves that are symmetrical on each paw.

The eyes of the Birman cat shaped as rounded with a deep sapphire blue and the ears should be tall. This breed also has a medium-size body that is also rectangular.  They have a roman nose and a broad face. 

This breed weights 10-15lbs for males and 6 to 10lbs for females on average.

Health concerns – The Birman could be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens. 

The Birman’s life expectancy is 12 to 16 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Birman breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Birman acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, CCA, CCA-AFC, TICA, National Birman Fancier, FIFe, ACF,

Abyssinian – These cats are one of the oldest breeds with its origins dated back four to six thousand years.  However, its exact origin differs in many countries.  The Egyptians worshiped sacred cats that were meant to be the physical manifestation of their gods.  These cats lived in the temples and palaces of the ancient Egyptians.  Although no one knows actually where the Abyssinian came from, some people believe these cats came from Abyssinia now called Ethiopia, with the Abyssinian named after that Ancient Country Abyssinia.

These cats were always known to be popular in both ancient and modern times.  They had their first cat show in 1971 located at London’s Crystal Palace, with 160 entries in the show, and the Abyssinian was taking ^third place, showing the Cat Fanciers’ Association appreciation for its beauty and grace.  The Abyssinian cat who became the first cat bred in North America arrived there in the 1930s although two Abyssinian cats visited from England and exhibited in the early 1900s.

The Abyssinian today is among the most popular shorthair cats.

Character: The Abyssinian ranked as intelligent, energetic, high spirited, affectionate and a loving companion, they love to sit on their owner’s lap, and will often follower their owner from room to room.

Temperament: The Abyssinian is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  These cats love to clown around and are known as the clowns in the cat fanciers’ world.  The Abyssinian’s adaptability is very high.

Abyssinian body coat (fur), is soft, silky, delicate texture, dense and resilient to the touch; this cat is medium in length but long enough to accommodate two or three dark bands of ticking.

Abyssinian known to be extremely active cats; however, they are not prone to any infection. The coat is short hair, fine in texture, soft and silky and resilient and dense to the touch.  

Health concerns The Abyssinians most serious inherited health alert is with polycystic kidney disease (PKD), which is common in Persian, Himalayan, Exotics, and related breeds. This disease causes multiple cysts to develop in both kidneys and results in renal failure.  Primary health concerns are dental issues caused by teeth that do not mesh together well.  This disease is causing the organ (kidney) to develop multiple cysts; this leads to renal failure. A PKD test for genetics is available.

The Abyssinian’s life expectancy is 9 to 15 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Grooming – the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color pattern is blue Abyssinian, ruddy Abyssinian, and red Abyssinian, Fawn Abyssinian, and Silver Abyssinian is the fifth new accepted color in Australia, England, and New Zealand. This breed of cat has large eyes, large ears that are moderately pointed, cupped at the base. These cats are medium long, lithe and graceful showing well developed muscular strength without coarseness.  Abyssinians are well-balanced cats, with a stiff neck, with medium body type.  They are known for their large almond-shaped eyes.

This breed weights 10lbs on average and average height.

Overall, the Abyssinian breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding could affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size. Moreover, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Abyssinian acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, FIFe, ACF, CCA-AFC, TICA.

Siamese – is another cat that is amongst the oldest of the breeds in the domestic cat world and is probably the most recognized of all cats in the world.  They have an outspoken nature about them, and they are known for their beautiful blue eyes. They are very sleek, and they have a personality that is loud and confident.  These cats originated in Thailand once known as Siam. 

Siamese cats were known to live in palaces and temples as companions for royalty who treasured them as well as other religious leaders, and this went on for generations.  Siamese cats were once used to guard valuables and precious documents in the Buddhist Temples.  Siamese is thought to inherit the souls of the deceased humans on their way to the after-life.

Siamese is known to be very intelligent and can communicate to express what they want.  They are not the type of cat to be left alone for too long, as they are very much social cats. If the Siamese cat is left alone for too long, they may become very destructive.  Siamese, when experiencing some frustration, could have a concern with depression.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, playful, curious by nature, and highly active. These cats are not just smart; they are known to be super intelligent.

Temperament: They are also vocal and demanding. The Siamese is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.

Siamese is very dependent on their human companions, with making make sure they have activities and things to do.  The owners must find them things to do, or they will see other things to do the owner may not like as much.

The Body coat (fur), they have shorthair laying close to the body, with a dark coat, dark points on a light background.

Health concerns – the Siamese cats are in general healthy, but they are known to have health issues with a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.

Grooming – the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners but overall.

The color pattern is pale fawn to light cream on both stomach and chest. Siamese also comes in four colors including, seal point, chocolate point, blue point, and lilac point, with one pattern black face, dark face, dark ears, dock socks, and dark tail.  These cats’ “points” are deep brown, nose leather, and paw pads are the same color as the points. In general, these cats are born pale.

This breed of cat has a medium-sized muscular body, with a stiff neck, and with medium body type.  Siamese is known for its medium almond-shaped eyes, that are color deep vivid blue.

This breed has a weight of 6 to 10lbs for both sexes on average.

The Siamese’s life expectancy is 15 to 20 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Siamese breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children as noted Siamese cats are very vocal and demanding.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  For toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

Siamese acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, TICA,

Maine Coon – Some may say that the Maine Coon Cat could be associated with the State of Maine, in the United States of America as its exact origin. With others acknowledging that this cat may have been brought over by the Vikings.  Others may say that there is no exact definition of where and when this cat arrived on the shores of North America.

Another belief is that the Maine Coon could be a hybrid between a Bobcat and a domestic cat, which could have something to do with the ear and toe tufts along with the breed’s large size.  Some studies say that a sea Captain named Coon brought the longhair cats with him in the 1700s on his trip to America.  Supposedly, these cats mated with the local population of cats while visiting with their ship.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature. Like house cats, these cats are relatively easy going with other pets and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  The Maine Coon is ranked second as America’s most popular cat breed. 

General Temperament: They are known to be playful throughout their whole life.  However, they are reserve initially when interacting with strangers, but in time, they usually adapt to others.

Body coat (fur), showing dense and shaggy fur on the shoulders but shorter, with a long fluffy coat and long, expressive tail.  The stomach has shorter hair with britches, compared with other species of cats.

Their health concerns – Maine Coon are susceptible to Hip Dysplasia, which is a genetic defect where the hip joint develops abnormally.  They could also be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.

Grooming – the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing the cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color pattern is any color or pattern except for any color that shows hybridization with such colors as chocolate or lavender.  

This breed of cat has large expressive eyes, and large well-toughed ears, very muscular body, a broad chest, with a stiff neck, and a large body type.  The Maine Coon cat body has a well-balanced and well-proportioned appearance.   Also, the Maine Coon is known for its large oval shaped eyes.  Eye colors could be copper, green-gold, gold, and green.  These cats if found with bicolor or van patterns or coat color, could present odd color eyes or blue eyes. 

This breed has a weight of 8 to 22lbs on average.

The Maine Coon’s life expectancy is 10 to 13 years, with some reaching to 15 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Maine Coon breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Moreover, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Maine Coon acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, TICA, UMCCA.

Munchkin Cat – also known as the sausage cat, the Munchkin is characterized by having very short legs, they are a relatively new breed.  History indicates that cats with short legs have been recorded a few times around the world ever since the 1940s.

The name Munchkin originated from characters in a novel called the Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and the Munchkins were the inhabitants of Munchkin land indicated in a Novel from the 1900s.  Back in 1944, a Vet in the United Kingdom noted four generations of healthy short-legged cats.  These cats were just as healthy as normal cats accept they had quite short legs.  Amidst the second World War, they disappeared soon after, but there were other short-legged cats seen in Russia and the United States from the mid-50s to the 1970s.

Later history recorded that a teacher in Louisiana back in 1993 named, Sandra Hochenedel saw two cats that were pregnant being chased under a truck by a dog.  She caught them and kept one of the cats; this cat was named Blackberry and gave birth to short legged kittens or at least half the litter was short legged.  A kitten that was a short-legged male from one of her cat Blackberry’s litters then given to a friend. This lady Kay LaFrance called this kitten Toulouse.

All of the Munchkin cat breeds today are descendants from these two cats, Toulouse and Blackberry.  Dr. Solveig Pflueger determined an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance Pflueger, and no spinal problem associated with cats appeared, unlike the issues that the short-legged dog breeds like Corgi’s and Dachshunds have.  Some believed that the Munchkin short-legs have resulted from a natural mutation.

In was back in 1991 that the first Munchkin cat appeared to the general public.  This on a television cat show in Madison Square Garden’s made by the (TICA) which stands for the International Cat Association.

Character: The Munchkin ranked as intelligent, energetic, sweet-natured, people-oriented, curious by nature, and playful.

General Temperament: This breed is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner. If Munchkin cats get handled well, they respond well.  Some handlers would say that their ability to jump is limited, while others have shared that the shortness of their legs does not prevent them from ordinary activities of running and jumping.

Health concerns – there appear to be two conditions with increased incidence in this breed: with the primary health concern, lordosis (excessive curvature of the spine) and pectus excavatum (hollowed chest). 

Grooming – the requirement is regular hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color pattern is all coat colors and patterns, and there is a long-hair variety for the show-ring.  Also, this breed has the color category of buttons permitted or white lockets.

This breed of cat has medium eyes and moderate-size ears. The Munchkin cat is like other similar cats with a medium body type, with a medium plush coat.  Their legs slightly bowed — this cat breed has eyes shaped like a Walnut.

The Munchkin breed weighs 4 to 8lbs for females and 6 to 9lbs for males on average.  

The Munchkin’s life expectancy is 12 to 14 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Munchkin breed is friendly and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feed the cat the best high-quality food that is pack with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  It is essential to make sure that there is plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the best cat bedding afford.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  For toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Munchkin acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, AACE, TICA.

Tabby Cats – the Tabby cat is similar to the Tuxedo and is not classified as a particular breed.  The Tabby cat is known for its coat pattern, as the Tuxedo cat is known for its coat pattern. The Tabby cats of today originated from the African wild cat with a similar coat pattern. These particular tabby patterns could be defined in most domestic cats today.  Their pattern of colors has a dominant gene over other coat colors and makes them great hunters due to their camouflaged color pattern. Tabby cats, when found in the wild, use their color pattern to help prevent any potential predator most times.

The Tabby cats all have a distinctive marking on their forehead, with the appearance of the letter “M.”  Interestingly, this marking may go unnoticeable for most.  Tabby cats have established coat patterns including, the Mackerel (similar coat pattern to the African Wild cat).  Another highlight of the Tabby cat is the spotted (dark spots that highlight the body fur); Ticked (the fur may have light and dark strips, with a fainted necklace in a darker color) and with the ticked pattern similar to that of the Abyssinian cat coat pattern.  The Tabby cat also has a patched (random patches of different colors called tortoiseshell (tortie)).  Tabby cats also come in various colors such as silver tabbies, ginger, brown tabbies, blue tabbies, red tabbies, and grey. 

The Tabby cat has a long history dating back several centuries and dates back to the Ancient times in Baghdad.  However, the tabby cats when first noticed by the British in the British Isles took notice of its coat stripes that resemble tiger cats which led to them called, tabby cat.  On average a domestic tabby cat has a coat featuring swirling patterns stripes, dots or lines.

Character and Temperament: The Tabby cats are ranked as intelligent and considered to be more intelligent than other similar species of cats. The Tabby cats described as energetic, majestic by nature, and playful.  Some of the tabby cats are described to have similar characters to dogs’ personalities; not only are they intelligent, but they are very affectionate and make great companions.  The Tabby is relatively friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.

The Health concern for domestic tabby cat relates to obesity, conjunctivitis, urine problems, diabetes, and kidney failure.

Grooming – the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming their nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing these cats twice monthly would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention by their owner, but overall, they are considered to be low maintenance cats.

The color pattern is bicolor, tabby, silver tabby, solid ginger red, orange, cream, gray, blue orange black tan, tortoiseshell.  The tabby pattern is also found in the pedigreed cats with many variations of pattern, including spots, ticks, swirls, and stripes.

The Tabby cat breed of cat has medium round eyes, medium ears, the physique is in proportion to the body, and with medium body type. 

This breed has a weight of 13 to 18lbs for males and 8 to 12lbs for females on average.

The Tabby’s life expectancy is 15 to 20 years with some living older.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Tabby cat breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding this cat best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide this cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Tabby cat acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, AACE, FIFe, TICA.

American Bobtail Cat – recently recognized by the Cat Fancier’s Association, the American Bobtail cat gained attention during the period of the 1960s. Studies indicate that the original Bobtail cat was a short-tailed brown tabby male named Yodie found at an Arizona motel and said to have been left behind by a young child from a nearby Native American reservation.  The ancestry of Yodie remains unknown, but studies have found it was a domestic cat hybrid due to its feral appearance and short, bobcat-like tail.

The founders of this cat at the Arizona motel, John and Brenda Sanders of Clinton County, Iowa claimed this cat as their own, and they returned home with this cat at the end of their vacation.  John and Brenda, the owners of a seal-point Siamese cat, crossbred their cat with this bobtailed cat.  The first litter provided a mixture of normal-tailed and some bobtailed kittens, with Yodie’s bobbed tail being dominant.

The perfection of the bobtail continued to be inbred by groups of Bobtail breeders in the 1980s.  They tried to perfect a tabby cat resembling the bobtailed cat. The breeders crossbred short-tailed random-bred domestic cats to refurbish the breed.  

After several attempts with cross-breeding, the group did create a new standard that called for a slightly rounded brow from forehead to eye ridge; this fleshy brow border creates the prized “hunting gaze” that enhances the breed’s feral look.  This success created the new American bobtail that was accepted by the North American associations.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, giving the appearance of a wild look, but it has a sweet character, energetic, easy-going, affectionate, playful and curious by nature.

Temperament: The American Bobtail is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owners and their human family. It has a quiet vocal tune for its communication and easily adapts to its environment.

Body coat (long hair and short hair), semi-dense, texture non-matting as compared with other species of cats.  Longhair slightly shaggy.

Health concerns – Bobtails are prone to hip dysplasia, a hereditary disease, as the disease may potentially cause crippling, lameness, and arthritis of the hip joint.

Grooming – the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming their nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing this cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

Color pattern – the American Bobtail comes in all colors, divisions, and categories. 

This breed of cat has a rounded face and what appear to be medium rounded ears, with a strong neck, well balanced muscular body, with a wild looking appearance, well-balanced and developed shoulders, chest, and hind-quarters with legs in proportion to the body, tail short and flexible.  The American Bobtailed Cat has eyes that are almost an Almond-shaped.  These cats have a whimsical ear to make them attractive.

This breed has a weight of 7 to 16lbs for males and females a bit lighter on average.

The American Bobtail life-expectancy is seven years.  Their life expectancy indoors could be 12 to 20 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the American Bobtail breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide the cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The American Bobtail acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, CCA, CCF, UFO, AACE, TICA.

American Shorthair Cat – these cats originated in Europe and were brought to North America during the transition of the Pilgrims when they ventured into the New World.  The American Shorthair cat initially used for the function of protecting the cargo from rodents.  Once grounded into the New World, the American Shorthair developed unique characteristics which helped them to make the appropriate adjustments for their new environment.  Earlier in the 20^th Century, a breeding program was conducted to create the best particular breed.

Through the earlier years of breeding the American Shorthair cat was ranked by the Cat Fanciers’ Association as the 7^th for Pedigree selection and was accepted by all North American cat registries.  As noted, these cats were initially named the Domestic Shorthair but renamed in 1966 to the American Shorthair which better represents the American’s origin.  Naming the cat as the American Shorthair gives it its own identity.  Initially, these cats were used as working cats to protect against rodent populations on both farms and cargo vessels.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, easy-going, affectionate, and curious by nature.

Temperament: The American Shorthair is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.

Body coat (fur), this cat has a coating texture of medium to thick and also coarse in texture.  

Health concerns are generally good with some concerns with hip dysplasia, a hereditary disease with the potential to cause crippling, lameness, and arthritis, which lead to them suffering hip joint, and concerns with cardiomyopathy.  These health concerns could be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

Color pattern – there are eighty additional colors and patterns including blue-eyed, brown-patched tabby, shaded silvers, cameos, calico van, smokes, black, brown, and blends of colors.  These cats also have tabby colors, including patched and mackerel; and white and tabby.  Cross-breeding of cats would result in colors such as sable, lavender, chocolate, lilac, or the point-restricted pattern.  

This breed of cat has a rounded face and short ears, very muscular body, with a strong neck, medium body type, healthy breed, well-balanced developed shoulders, chest, and hind-quarters, back broad.  They are known for their sizeable rounded half almond-shaped eyes.

This breed has a weight of 11 to 15lbs on average.

The American Shorthair is generally healthy but requires annual veterinary checkups and vaccinations. 

The American Shorthair’s life-expectancy is up to 15 years or longer.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the American Shorthair breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet: feed this cat the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, full of essential vitamins and minerals.  Provide them with plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide a bedding cushion that is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The American Shorthair acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, ACFA/CAA, CCA-AFC, AACE, TICA.

Tuxedo Cat (aka Felix cat) – There is no particular breed for the Tuxedo Cat; as the Tuxedo described for its fur pattern. It appears that this class of cat was named based on its particular color or pattern which is reminiscent of formal men’s tuxedo fashion wear both in the United States and Canada. 

Studies indicate that to be a pure Tuxedo cat, the feline’s colors should consist of a solid black coat, with white fur that appears on the paws, chest, throat, belly, and chin.  Some Tuxedo cats may appear to have a sport goatee that shown on the lower jaw and chin.  The pattern may be secluded to the color black.  Some Tuxedo cats look like they have a mask over their eyes and sometimes having this mask over their head.

A tuxedo cat in the UK is a bicolor cat with its coat black and white, similar to the tuxedo cats in the United States and Canada.  These cats found in Britain are considered to be calm, easy-going, and independent, and as with most shorthair cats, they love their alone time, along with having the opportunity to be outside.   

The Tuxedo cat originated from Ancient Egypt, with studies indicating that the Egyptians around 2000 BC domesticated them. These cats are known to have been owned by some of the Egyptian royals, also owned by William Shakespeare to name a few.   These cats got initiated into North America during the Pilgrim introduction into the Americas, or some would say, “when landed in America by way of the Mayflower.”   

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, and curious by nature. This breed is also known to be very active and has a calm temperament at times, and they will exercise higher vocal when communicating, as compared to other breeds of cats. 

Temperament – The Tuxedo cat is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  They are lap sitters and love the attention of others. Studies in the United States concluded that Tuxedo cats are very much smarter than other domestic house cats. 

Tuxedo cats body coat (shorthair and longhair), with most Tuxedo cats having white whiskers.  The longhair Tuxedo cat is found to have a thicker fur, and found more in Western Europe and was likely of the Persian breed.  However, with the long hair, many became attracted to the Tuxedo who fancy this cat around the world.  In simple words, this cat described as adorable, affectionate cat, with a round face, fluffy undercoat, and a medium tail that appears to balance the structure of their physique.

This breed comes in various sizes and shapes and has average size ears with a pointed tip, a very muscular body with males heavier than the females, the head is rounded, with a stiff neck, a medium body type.  The Tuxedo eyes stand out with contrasting colors of blue, green or gold and with some having a unique two different eye colors; with one eye appearing to be blue and the other green.

The Tuxedo weight between 6 to 16 lbs., with the life expectancy, is up to 15 years typical as indoor cats.

Their trainability is average, but they tend to have high vocalism.  When shedding it may vary, but keep in mind these cats are considered the gentlemen’s cat, having an overall high playfulness tendency. 

Health concerns – Tuxedo cats also carry the risk of cancer as they age. Be aware of any concerns with lumps or skin changes, as lymphoma is a common type of cancer for cats.  Feline Immunodeficiency Virus – is often a concern when cats engage in fights and incur below the surface bites.

Also, Felines may suffer from Leukemia Virus.  This virus causes a condition that may damage the immune system causing the cat to be susceptible to developing blood cancer.  Diabetes is also common in cats who suffer from obesity for older cats.  Annual checkups with a vet are essential for upkeep.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming cat’s nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing it cat twice monthly would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention by their owners but overall, and they are considered a low maintenance cat.

Color pattern – Tuxedo cat, has inherited solid colors and a gene for white color spots including, white chest, black body, paws maybe white, along with white patches to face.  As noted, not all black and white cats are considered to be Tuxedo cats.  However, Tuxedo cats are bicolor.  

The Tuxedo cat color of the skin may also appear as bicolor, and the pads of the paws may also be pink or black.  These usually match that area of the coat. If the underside of the paw crosses the color boundary then on either side of the pads, they could be different colors or bi-colors.  Vertical stripes and muzzles that are white and often attributed to the Tuxedo cat.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Tuxedo cat breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  Provide them with plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide with the best cat bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Tuxedo cat acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, ACFA/CAA, TICA.

Bombay – the Bombay cat is a shorthaired breed that was cross-bred by the late Nikki Horner of Louisville, Kentucky during the 1950s.  Horner cross-bred this cat with an American Shorthair cat and a Burmese cat.  This creation would hopefully achieve the formation of a Burmese with a sleek black coat and copper eyes, given the looks similar to a panther-like breed.  Horner, an experienced breeder, and exhibitor since she was 16 years old, took on several attempts before finally having a successful outcome cross-breeding the breed that allowed her to gain confirmation from the CFA in 1970. 

Horner continued cross-breeding, with the support of two other breeders, Herb, and Suzanne Zwecker. They were successful with improving the breed, and in 1985 the cross-breeding attempts resulted with a cat for the breed, given the name Bombay.  Gaining the recognition by the CFA in the United Kingdom, the Bombay recognized by the Asian group, and also considered an Asian self-colored shorthair, and was accepted for competition by the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF).  Nikki Horner since passed in 1995.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, energetic, playful, and curious by nature. This breed attracts attention from their human family, however, not considered independent, but are highly social. 

Temperament: The Bombay cat is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner, but they do not like being left alone too long.

Body coat has (shorthair fur), a satin-like texture, with short to a delicate texture feel, and with a leather sheen.

Health concerns – the Bombay cat is in general healthy, but they are known to have health issues with a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.  They also suffer from excessive tearing to the ears, and the possibility of breathing difficulties due to the cat’s short muzzle. These cats may also suffer from gingivitis; however, their food should be monitored to help prevent obesity and overfeeding.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require much attention from their owners.

Color pattern – the Bombay cat is a hybrid breed, but black is the general standard, with the coat being dense and short.  Occasionally one may see sable-colored kittens as this breed of cat is a cross-breed with the black American Shorthair and the Burmese.

This breed of cat has medium round eyes, and standard size ears, muscular body, with a stiff neck, round nose, and rounded head, with gold or copper colored eyes and with medium body type. 

This breed has a weight of 6 to 12lbs on average with males slightly heavier.

The Bombay’s life-expectancy is 15 to 20 years.

In general: Cats have varying life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Bombay breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet: feeding high-quality food packed with nutrition, that is full of essential vitamins and minerals.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.

Housing:  Always provide the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Bombay acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, AACE, ACFA/CAA, CCA-AFC, and TICA.

Himalayan Mix Cat – this breed of cat has a fascinating history with cross-breeding.  We start first with a Swedish geneticist attempting to cross breed a Siamese and a Persian in 1924 to 1935. Later, two Harvard medical researchers crossed a Siamese female with a black Persian male, with the attempt to establish specific characteristics.  With continual attempts at that time, cross-breeding from the second litter, they produced a cat for which they called a Debutante, with a Siamese body type and color pattern and the long hair of the Persian. 

Studies indicate that this resulting cat had similar looks to today’s Balinese different from today’s Himalayan.  Research came to a close once the Harvard medical researchers concluded their studies.  However, research continued development after the British fanciers formed a breeders’ club after taking an interest in developing a breed with the Persian hair type and conformation.

With further research and continual development with cross-breeding, in 1950 an American Breeder Marguerita Goforth succeeded in creating the Persian-like color point. It was this breed that the CFA and ACFA recognized and in 1957 the breed went under the Himalayan category with this color pattern (all pointed colors and patterns).  Although several associations in America recognized this new breed, it was not favorably recognized by all, including those who were Persian breeders. 

Today’s Himalayan cat with a policy in place is considered only part Persian breed and are called the Pointed Pattern Persians, as the Persian breeders are concerned that the breed is hybrid and not a pure breed.  This breed is not recognized by National Cat Fanciers’ Association (NCFA) due to their disagreement with a new policy addressing this breed.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, and playful, as they love to play fetch, they crave affection, and they enjoy the love given by petting from humans.  Himalayans are very docile, calm, and are known for their gentleness and sweet temperament.

Temperament: Himalayans are relatively easy going and are friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  These breeds make an excellent companion and house pet but need attention from their owners.  They are somewhat vocal when communicating.

Body coat (full fur and long) although they are a human-made hybrid breed their coat is identical to the Persian but is distinguished by the points on its extremities including the feet, the ears, with a facial mask and tail.  

This breed has a Cobby like body type, firm, well-balanced and in proportion.  This cat has large round eyes set apart, and the ears are small and round tipped. Their musculature is of a solid body type, with a stiff neck, medium body type, and well-rounded abdomen.  The head is round and medium-size and also in proportion with the body.  The tail is short and straight, which is in proportion to the body contour.

Health concerns – in general, Himalayans are healthy.  The Himalayans most serious inherited health alert is with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) which is common in Persian, Himalayan, Exotics, and related breeds. This disease causes multiple cysts to develop in both kidneys and could result in renal failure.  Some Himalayans have Dental issues caused by teeth that do not mesh together well. Other inherited concerns are polycystic kidney disease (PKD); a disease causes the kidney to develop multiple cysts. Polycystic Kidney could also lead to renal failure, although a PKD test for genetics is available.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming the nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing these cats twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The Himalayans color pattern has all pointed colors and patterns and with most having white whiskers. 

This breed has a weight of 7 to 12lbs on average.

The Himalayan’s life-expectancy is 15 years or longer.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Himalayan breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide a Himalayan cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Himalayan acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, AACE, CCA, CFF, AND UFO under the name Himalayan; championship status in CFA as a color division of the Persian breed and the TICA.

Snowshoe Cat – this breed originated in the United States of America in the 1960s. This cat is the result of cross-breeding between an American Shorthair bicolor cat, and Siamese, along with other breeds.  A breeder, named Dorothy Hinds-Daugherty developed it.  Through the process of breeding, the kittens consisted of unique markings with white points on the feet.

Further breeding developed using seal point Siamese with a bicolor American Shorthair, with no success toward the desired breed.  So, she continued with breeding offspring to the Siamese which produced the desired look of white feet and given the name Snowshoe. After not gaining the recognition from local cat shows, Dorothy exited the program.

Later, the developer of the breed continued with other breeders like Vikki Olander to gain full recognition within the cat association.  Unfortunately, Vikki had difficulty with breeding the cat with the correct markings, because she had difficulty predicting the appearance of the offspring, it left the Snowshoe as a rare breed. 

The Snowshoe cat eventually was acknowledged by the Cat Fanciers Federation (CFF) and the American Cat Association ACA, it became recognized at that time in 1974 as an “experimental breed.”  

The developer of this breed continued to attract interest from other breeders including, Jim Hoffman and Georgia Kuhnell with the recognition by the CFF in 1983, with further acknowledgment by ACFA and TICA.  Other countries, including the United Kingdom, acknowledged this breed in 1986, and other countries in 1998, 2006 and 2013 with Championship level with the GCCF. 

Character: They are ranked as energetic, entertaining, and somewhat busy body and also curious by nature. 

Temperament: This breed is very vocal with its communication.  The Snowshoe cat is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.

Body coat (full fur), The length is short to medium-short. Smooth to the touch, and geographical changes considered.

Snowshoe cat- Health concerns, they are healthy in general but may have some concerns with a kink in their tail. However, keep in mind that this cat is pedigreed and mixed breed and may experience some incidence of health concerns.  Keeping annual checkups with the Vet is essential to help with maintaining good health. 

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing a cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The color or pattern acknowledged as a point coloration with darker ears, legs, face, and tail and with light body color. The seal point is recognized by the ACFA of Cat Enthusiasts, as seal point coloration and blue point coloration while FIFe acknowledges the cat’s seal, blue, black, red, cream, chocolate, fawn point coloration and cinnamon.  

The International Cat Association (ICA) acknowledges all pointed colors, with the FIFe acknowledging the coloration of tabby, tortoiseshell-tabby coat patterns, and tortoiseshell.  As noted, the Snowshoe cat color pattern is recessive with several gene factors; therefore, it may be challenging to obtain a color pattern. 

This breed of cat has large eyes, and medium-size large ears, firm muscular body, rounded head, with a stiff neck, with medium body type, and white paws.  They are known for their medium oval or rounded oval-shaped eyes.

This breed has a weight of 9 to 12lbs for males and 7 to 10lbs for females on average.

The Snowshoe cat’s life-expectancy is 14 to 19 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Snowshoe breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide a cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Snowshoe cat acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, CFF, TICA, and FIFe.

Turkish Van Cat – the history of the Turkish Van is fascinating with its old background.  This breed seemed to have been found in Mount Ararat some 5000 years ago.  This ancient breed is known to the south of Mount Ararat 75 miles from Lake Van in the region of Turkey.  This breed also found in the region of Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Russia, and Armenia.  The uniqueness of this breed is not limited, as it is known for its swimming ability, as legend details its ability to swim in cold and warm waters (summer and winter water conditions). 

The Turkish Van cat loves the water and loves to swim.  This breed is also known for its hunting herring, the only fish that can survive in the briny water of Lake Van where this cat is known to swim.  The legend of this cat and its history explains that this cat’s tolerance of water possibly helped to develop its cashmere-like water-repellant coat. Unlike other domestic cats, the Turkish Van cat does not shy away from getting wet or spending extended time in the water.

Before the Turkish Van cat arrived in Lake Van, the exact origin of this breed of a cat not known.  The Turkish Van cat was introduced into Europe by soldiers during the time of the Crusades between 1095 and 1272 C.E., and since this time the Van was introduced or brought to other regions throughout Europe and now into modern time.  During its history, the Van received several names including Eastern cat, Turkish cat, Ringtail cat, and Russian Longhair cat. 

Over the past few decades from 1955 onward, the Van cat was introduced into Britain by Laura Lushington and Sonia Halliday, and later by Lydia Russell who helped promote and get the attention of the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF) and is to recognize.  By 1969, the breed was found and given full pedigree status by the GCCF.  The United States accepted the introduction of the breed in the 1970s with the breeders Barbara and Jack Reark, with further recognition in 1983, and so forth.

The native breed of the Turkish Van is from the remote, rugged and climatically varied region of the Middle East.

This cat reserved by the Turkish College of Agriculture in connection with the Ankara Zoo.  As noted exporting the Van from Turkey is not permitted.  Most breeding of the Van comes from Britain.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, agile, energetic, and curious by nature. The Turkish Van is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner. 

Temperament: These cats are known for their action-packed temperaments. These cats are also talkative with communicative, but often demand attention from their human family.  Overall, the Van cat is excellent swimmers.

Body coat (full fur) with the coat is medium long hair, soft to the touch and without an undercoat.

Health concerns – these cats are generally healthy. Some may suffer from heart disease. The Turkish Van could be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat.  Bathing cat twice monthly would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

The Turkish Van color pattern is mainly a white body with colored head and tail markings, that take up no more than 15 to 20 percent of its body.  The reference indicates that the dominant white spotting factor governs the Turkish Van pattern called piebald ben, which gives them patches of white along with spots of color.  Since the gene is challenging to control in breeding the Turkish Van for like pattern remains unfortunately difficult.  

Studies indicate that some Turkish Van maintains a color patch between the shoulder blades called the “Mark of Allah,” similar to the “M” on the tabby forehead said to be a gift from the Virgin Mary.  The eyes are generally blue, gold, or odd.  Colors may also be blue, black, red, or cream with red found more regularly.  Patches generally confined to the head and tail, with the tail is in proportion with the body.

This cat breed has moderately large eyes, and moderately large ears that are in proportion to the body and the ear tips are slightly rounded.  The Turkish Van has a muscular body structure that is moderately long, broad, and sturdy, with a stiff neck, and shoulders.  The Turkish Vans tail is long and in proportion to the body, while the legs and the paws are medium long and muscular. 

The Turkish Van cat has a rippling hard muscular body and physique that gives them the ability to be strong jumpers.

This breed weighs 16lbs for males and 12 to 14lbs for females on average.

The Turkish Van’s life-expectancy is 12 to 17 years.

In general: Cats have a life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Turkish Van cat breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide an indoor cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A right litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Turkish Van cat acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, ACFA, AAACE, CFF, GCCF, TICA, and UFO.

Savannah Cat – is a majestic and distinctively beautiful cat known for its black spots inherited from its ancestry extending from the Wild African Serval of Africa.  The Savannah cat is a cross-breed between an African Serval cat and a Siamese cat.  This cat breed was accidentally developed by “Judee Frank,” by cross-breeding a male serval with a Siamese domestic cat.  This process produced the first Savannah (named Savannah) on April 7, 1986.

The development of this cross-breed took the interest of Patrick Kelley, who purchased one of Savannah’s kittens in 1989.  Kelley had a vision of establishing a new domestic breed by crossing (Serval with a domestic cat) that would be recognized and accepted by an official feline registry.  Upon searching for a breeder to attempt the development of a new breed, Kelley found a breeder to join him in founding the Savannah breed.

Breeder Joyce Sroufe after several years of attempts finally produced the Savannah cat that we know today.  Studies indicate that the early Savannah was a hybrid of the African Serval and a domestic cat. 

The Savannah Cat is not accepted in all states of the United States of America, including Hawaii and Alabama, and the Country of Australia because of the concerns of its overly sized body structure compared to other domestic cats and for the concerns of native animals.  Therefore, before considering purchasing this cat breed, please check with the countries and states local codes, laws, and regulations before becoming an owner of this cat.

Character: They are ranked as intelligent, agile, energetic, and curious by nature.

Temperament: The Turkish Van is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets, and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  These cats are known for their action-packed temperaments. These cats are also talkative and communicative, but often demand attention from their human family, and with some breeders sharing the breed attachment to their owner.  

The Savannah is an amiable and social cat with other people and with dogs and cats.  A pointed factor in learning sociability is through exposure to other pets and people as the Savannah kittens go through their growing years.  One thing Savannah’s love to do is to jump high in the air and are known to jump on high cabinets, and high doors.  They are known to be loyal by following their owner about the home.   Overall, the Van cat is an excellent swimmer.

However, they are known to make hissing sounds like a snake.

Body coat (full fur), the only pattern expected by the breed standards is the spotted pattern.  The coat is medium long hair, coarse to the touch.

Their health concerns – these cats are generally healthy and have no real genetic health concerns.  Some may be susceptible to the same health issues as any other cat.  Regular checkups with the Vet would help detect earlier intervention.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing a cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

Color pattern – the Savannah coat could only be spotted pattern only in the breed standard.  “They come in solid colors of brown (black) spotted tabby, black, black smoke, black silver spotted tabby, and some with bod, solid markings preferred.  Spotted pattern made of bold, solid dark-brown to black spots, which can be round, oval, or elongated.”

This breed of cat has medium-sized eyes, and moderately large ears and high on the head, but is in proportion to the body and rounded tops.  They have a muscular body that is well structured, moderately long torso, broad, and sturdy with a stiff neck, and shoulders.  The Savannah tail is medium in length and proportion to the body, with the legs and paws medium long and muscular leg.

Further research would guide to the different types of Savannah cats that may be right for a pet owner, including, the choice of F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6.

F1 Savannah has 50% to 80% wild Serval blood.  The Savannah F1 does not like being held, but like socialization with humans, with the weight ranging from 15 to 30lbs. The F1 acts friendly and is playful.  They would usually go to one person and get along well with other pets. 

F2 Savannah would range from 25% to 50% wild Serval blood.  They look a lot like the F1s, but the F2 will find one or two people to bond with, and they get along with other pets.  Usually, a potential owner may want a better pet than the F1, as they do not mind getting held for limited periods of times. Human interaction is something they love because they are friendly and active.

F3 Savannah for a family with children the F3 is probably a better choice. Although being held is something they do not like for too long, the attention given by their owner is something they love, and they are friendly with other animals. These Savannahs have a domestic cat personality.

F4 Savannah is a cat that the whole family could enjoy for this cat loves attention.  They would give countless hours of entertainment and love, as they are playful and friendly.

This breed weights 8lbs to 20lbs for both males and females on average and could be the size of a medium dog.  The Savannah cat has a rippling hard muscle body and physique with the ability to be strong jumpers up to jumping 7 feet.

As noted, the “F” stands for Filial Generation, indicating the number of generations this cat then removed from its African Serval ancestry.

The life expectancy of the Savannah cat is 15 to 20 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Savannah cat breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and are considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  Provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide a cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A right litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

Several organizations, including CCA, TICA acknowledge the Savannah cat.

The Cornish Rex – of all the breeds of domestic cat, Cornish Rex is the only one that has no hair but only soft down similar to a baby duck or chick. It was on a farm in Cornwall, England where the Cornish Rex originated from a litter of several kittens in the 1950s. There was one kitten, a male, that was a cream color, his name was Kallibunker, and he had a curly coat that was very different from other cats.  Of all Cornish Rexes, he was the first Cornish Rex.  Kalli Bunker was then mated back to his mother and from this breeding came two kittens that had curly coats.  A male from this litter named Poldhu was the father of a female cat named Lamorna Cove. This cat was later taken to the United States and breed with a Siamese cat.  This breeding produced the big ears and long skinny tail of the Cornish Rex we know today.

Character: They tend to rank as intelligent, agile, energetic/mischievous, and very curious by nature. The Cornish Rex is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  These cats are known for their action-packed temperaments, and they tend to be playful like a kitten for their entire life. These cats are also adventurous and would usually adapt to new settings in their environment.  Some Cornish Rex cats love to fetch and be playful with other pets., but they are known to be demanding and require some attention from their human family. 

Overall, the Cornish Rex cat is a great apartment cat.  Be mindful of these cats are not suited to the outdoor life, as these cats only have a “fine” downy undercoat to cover their body.  These are a cat that likes warmth because the Cornish Rex is sensitive to the cold, being strictly an indoor cat.

Body coat (is the undercoat), the Cornish Rex cat has down (like on a duckling or baby chick) for fur.  This breed of cat has no hair, as they only have an undercoat which is a curly texture and is fine to very soft to the touch, as compared with other species of cats. 

The Cornish Rex health concerns – these cats are generally healthy, with few known health issues: the Cornish Rex could be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens. Also, Patellar luxation and Sunburns due to lack of hair.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat.

Color pattern – there is a large variety of colors and patterns that the Cornish Rex comes in such as, orange, white, chocolate, black; also, blues, creams, and lilacs.  Also, the Cornish Rex found in classic tabby, ticked, and mackerel tabbies. Also, tuxedo bicolor in various combinations, not to mention smoke and tortoiseshell colors and finally the pointed color pattern of the Siamese.

The Cornish Rex breed of cat has large to medium eyes that are oval and slanted slightly upward.  The ears are full at the base; they stand alert and erect and high set on the head, that is well in proportion to the body.  They are structured with a muscular body, with a slender and long torso, with a stiff neck, and the back that naturally arched when standing.  The Cornish Rex tails are slender, long and flexible, which is in proportion to the body.  Their leg is slender and long, and paws are slight and dainty, with muscular legs.  Their body structured with five toes in front and four in back. They have very well muscular thighs that seem heavy in comparison to the rest of their body.

This breed weights 6lbs to 10lbs for males and females on average.

The Cornish Rex’s life expectancy of the Cornish Rex is 11 to 16 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Cornish Rex cat breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and is considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  It is essential to provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  

Housing:  Always provide a cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid right litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Cornish Rex cat acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, AACE, ACF, ACFA/CAA, CCA-AFC, GCCF, FIFe, and TICA.

Devon Rex – this breed of cat called the Devon Rex originally came from Britain in a town called Buckfast leigh, in the County of Devonshire.  Devon Rexes are a wonderful breed of feline that was the result of an almost accidental breeding.  This breed developed way back in 1960 when a wild curly coated tomcat that lived near an abandoned tin mine happened to come visiting and mate and breed with somebody’s farm cat. This Calico female cat had a straight coat.  This mating produced kittens that ended up in the garden of a lady who was a cat fancier named Beryl Cox.  There was one male kitten that had a brownish-black coat that was curly, and Beryl Cox named this kitten Kirlee.  At first glance, Beryl Cox saw the kitten and thought it was a Cornish Rex, but later it was discovered that the genes of Kirlee were very different from a Cornish Rex.

Kirlee was born having the same traits as his father, with the same curly coat that was short like his tomcat father. Beryl Cox took an interest in the black, brownish male kitten and she took Kirlee, a now mature cat to her friend, Mr. Brian Sterling a Cornish Rex breeder.  Kirlee was bred with his Cornish Rex cats and produced offspring that were kittens with straight coats.  By the time Kirlee selectively mated and produced kittens with straight coats, they found that Kirlee descended from a new breed and after this Beryl and Brian concluded that Cornish Rexes and Devon Rexes were unrelated.

In hindsight, it has now thought that the original curly coated tomcat from the tin mine and Beryl’s Calico female cat were two cats that were related because the gene for the Devon Rex that is responsible for the curly coat must be recessive for this gene to be inherited. The Devon Rex gene must be the case with both parents to produce offspring like Kirlee. It looks like one copy of the gene was inherited by Kirlee from both of the parents. Following this, the Devon Rex cat breed later established.

Breeding with the Devon Rex continues and the British Shorthairs, Siamese and Persians, but only straight-haired kittens for their first litter and the second litter producing curly hair kitten.

Character: They are ranked as 8 out of 10 for intelligence, and agility. The Devon Rex is relatively easy going and is friendly towards strangers, other pets and children, and they are generally loyal to their owner.  These cats are similar to dogs as they depend on their owners, and they do not like being left alone for too long.  

These cats are known for their action-packed temperaments, and they tend to be playful. These cats are also adventurous and would quickly adapt to new settings in their environment.  Some Devon Rex cats love to fetch and be playful with other pets.  Overall, the Devon Rex cat is a great apartment cat.  Be mindful of these cats being are not suited to outdoor life, as these cats should always have protection from potential predators.  However, due to Devon Rex thin coat not being an insulator, they should be kept inside with warmer temperature, especially during the winter season.

Body coat, the Devon Rex cat contains all three hair types which are down, awn, and guard hairs.  It is just that the guard hair is stunted and fragile, and sometimes Devon Rexes do not have any whiskers. The Devon Rex described with curly eyebrows.  Devon was also known for their “wavy” coat. The Devon Rex could sometimes develop bald patches because the hair breaks easily but does grow back.  The coat is short on the back, side, upper leg, and tail. It is also short on the neck, paws, head, chest, and abdomen.

Their health concerns – these cats are generally a healthy breed, with few known health issues:  the Devon Rex could be affected by muscular dystrophy, or a heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), that occurs when their heart muscle thickens.

Devon Rex could be a good cat for people who are allergic to cats.

Grooming, the requirement is natural hair brushing because brushing would help reduce matting and help to reduce or prevent hairballs.  Consider trimming cat nails biweekly or triweekly and always provide a scratching post or mat. Bathing a cat twice a month would help keep up with their cleanliness promoting good health.  These cats require attention from their owners, but overall, they are a low maintenance cat. 

Color pattern – there is a large variety of colors and patterns that the Devon Rex comes in such as, “pointed patterns” and bi-colors.

The Devon Rex breed of cat has large eyes, oval in shape and broad set and sloping towards the outer edge of their ears.  Any eye color is acceptable. The Devon Rex structured is of a muscular body, and medium length and medium bones, with a stiff neck, solid legs, and board chest.  The Devon Rex tails are slender, long and flexible, which is in proportion to the body.  Their leg is slender and long and paws small and oval, with five toes in front and four in back.

This breed weights 5lbs to 10lbs for males and females on average.

The Devon Rex’s life expectancy is 9 to 15 years, with a few reported living up to 20 years.

In general: Cats have different life-expectancies within their breeds; however, cats living outside or spending more time outside could face a shorter life expectancy due to the harshness of the natural elements outdoors and the heightened safety risk factors.

Overall, the Devon Rex cat breed is sociable and affectionate with their owner and is considered to be playful with children.

Diet:  feeding the best high-quality food packed with nutrition, and full of essential vitamins and minerals is ideal.  It is essential to provide plenty of water at mealtime and keep their water bowls full, so they could drink when they feel like it.  Devon Rex loves to eat a lot, but they are not known to be overeaters.

Housing:  Always provide a cat with the best bedding affordable.  Make sure that the bedding cushion is soft to firm, along with the provision of a climbing station and a scratching post and mat.  A solid litter box is preferable, starting with a standard size.  Also, for toiletry use the superior crystal cat litter when available.

The Devon Rex cat acknowledged by several organizations including, Cat Fanciers’ Association/CFA, AACE, ACF, ACFA/CAA, CCA-AFC, GCCF, FIFe, and TICA.

A Few Points of Reference to help care for pets:

Naming a pet is essential to having the pet connect to their owner and family.  We ask that one always put some thought into naming their pet, and we remind their owner to be compassionate when giving them a name.  We recommend studying the behavior of a pet before assigning a name, as this would help with noticing their personality and their character.

When considering purchasing accessories for a pet, try not to overwhelm the pets, and try to keep accessories to a minimum.  Having fewer accessories would help refine what pets like and dislikes of certain chosen items are.

The importance of feeding pets correctly by providing them with the proper nutrition – We recommend that getting to know a pet first learning what they like and to acknowledge the health benefits of the food sources used for them.  Acquire researched information by taking the time to gather the best food source for the type of pet.  Visiting a veterinarian would also be a good idea to get a head-start with expert advice.  Learn about the best treats to provide to pets (dogs and cats) as not all pets are the same.  Some treats may cause an adverse reaction to pets.

Proper toilet training for puppies inside or outside the home is the first step.  Regulating a routine schedule for them is essential.  The practice of taking a dog for a walk is a training technique.  A pet supported with discipline and proper behavior is a happy pet, as this time spent with a pet is getting to know each other for both the owner and the pup.

Tips for a pet’s upkeep: Tips for caring involve, regular grooming of a pet, bathing, and periodic hair grooming.  Also, we recommend caring for a dog by not only bathing them but taking care of the dog’s teeth, ears, eyes, nails.  Most importantly, having patients is essential for a pet providing as much patience, love, and understanding as possible.

When socializing a pet in the home with other family members make sure that the home is proof-ready for adult and child allergies, along with checking and proofing a home for pet allergies, know which types of “houseplants” can be poisonous for your pets (dogs and cats).  Become aware of preparing a safe home environment and become aware of the relationship and interaction they have with other family members.  It is recommended to have an excellent supportive environment for pets.

We recommend inspecting the yard, as the backyard is where the pet is allowed to play and have downtime.  Proofing a yard provides security from getting injuries, and it protects others from any harm or injury.  It also protects them from going astray outside its boundary.  It is a must and essential to train a dog to keep inside of its boundary and to provide them with a comfort zone, by having its own house.

Additional tips to consider when caring for pets:

Taking the responsibly to determine whether one can care for a pet or not? 

It is recommended to select pets that fit a chosen lifestyle for its owner. 

Alternatively, if there is a family with children, the choice to have a pet should be made more carefully. 

Realize the budget for short- or long-term support and make sure one can care for a pet long-term.

When training a pet, teach particular pet commands, words, and sign suggestions.  Provide them with a dog or cat identification in case they become lost.

Keeping the pet comfortable and happy is essential for the pet.  Making the pet a welcoming member of the family would provide joy for the home.

An owner must monitor the Interaction of their pet with other owner’s pets at all times.  Never leave a pet unattended.  As an owner, it is essential to take notice of their safety at all times.  Remember that our pets are like children, and we remain the responsible owners that take care of them.

Identification tips include the proper collar, perhaps registering a pet with a microchip implant, and most important registering a pet should be considered.  Also, we recommend filing a profile for a pet with BeforeIFallAsleep.com and keep this profile updated.

Deciding on a Type of Pet:

Before deciding on any particular cat or dog, there are a few tips to keep in mind:

Consider the pet that is suited for its new family. When choosing a cat to consider its personality, as cats have a reputation for being independent, although they may depend on a caretaker if they are both a house cat and an outdoor cat.  Some essential needs depend on their needs for water, food, shelter, and general care as well as needs such as veterinarians’ check-ups. 

When choosing a dog as the desired pet, consider its needs, and its proper care.  Dogs are a little more dependent than cats, and they require the assistance of their caretaker, to take them on walks, and to shelter them with all their necessities. However, they also depend on their owners for water, food, shelter, and general care needs, such as veterinarian’s check-ups. 

When deciding on what type of dog, keep in mind whether a purebred or mixed-breed is preferred.  The difference between the two would differ with the way the owner cares for their type.

Pure-breeds usually are more expensive, and if decided on buying one, make sure to deal with a reputable breeder.  Consider a specific breed if expected and want certain physical and behavioral characteristics.  Whether choosing a dog or a cat, choose a breed with characteristics that fit a lifestyle.

Before deciding on a pure-breed or non-pure-breed, always check and take notice of any health concerns as this may lead to unwanted expense with medical bills. If purchasing a pet from a reputable dealer, consider a return policy agreement if not satisfied.

Deciding on a crossbreed – Research indicates that when considering a low maintenance companion, consider a crossbreed as a possible suggestion.

Basic Types of Cats

These include the pets suited best to fit an owner’s lifestyle.

These include breeds like the Asian, Balinese, Somali, and Angora.  These breeds, in particular, are cat types with long bodies, slim legs, almond-shaped eyes wedge-shaped heads.

The Muscular cat is a representation of probably the familiar feline body shape.  A muscular body is typical of a shorthaired cat.

The Cobby cat – they are a Pedigree breed with long hair and have rounded stocky, bodies carried by sturdy short legs.

The Exotic shorthaired cat like the Siamese, Abyssinian, Tonkinese, and Egyptian Mau are elegant with a slim body and considered to have a more muscular build compared to other shorthaired cats.

They are taking the first initiative to decide on the best pet for its owner.  The new pet choice for a lifestyle could mark as one of the essential steps one should make. Not only should one be mentally ready to take on this joy brought into one’s life, but they also need to be sure that they are ready to provide the care and love that this pet needs.  Making the right decision would enhance one’s life from the benefits both the new owner and the chosen pet would gain.

BeforeIFallAsleep.com, we suggest educating self about the best option between deciding to lease or buy a pet.  Remember that pets have feelings too, and we should never look at them as less than. 

A potential owner should never take for granted their responsibility and accountability when leasing a pet.  Whether one leases a pet or adopts a child, we all want respect.  It is important to remember that any pet leased or purchased goes through a bonding period.  Becoming detached from these pets could be just as hard as detaching one’s self from another.

Always research and consider with foresight what could be potential complications. For example, if the customer missed a monthly payment, it is essential to ask the leasing company the dos, and don’ts if the breaking of the lease should occur.  If a tragedy happens to the animal, the leaser could still be on the hook for the payments and may not receive a refund. 

After not receiving a refund, one may have to continue making payments to get out of the contract.  We suggest to please keep in mind that the company has the right to take back the animal if missed are payments.  It is always wise to address these concerns beforehand. Take note, that once signing a lease, a person is in contract, with the contract stipulating rules that are bonded bylaws.

Ask questions to address, loss, theft, or if the animal dies.  If deciding on leasing the pet, remember to keep a profile of the animal and always keep payment records, any vets’ visits, and to keep records of treats such as spas, vacations.  

Become familiar with the Consumer Leasing Act (CLA) law designed to ensure that consumers get meaningful disclosures about a lease before they sign on the bottom line.

The CLA requires that customers receive essential lease information, in writing, and in a language, they can understand, before the sign lease agreement.  Always question the store representatives or store owner about payment agreement.  The CLA requires disclosure that the deal is a lease, the total amount due at lease signing, and the number, amount, and timing of payments.”

The FTC’s guide, Advertising Consumer Leases, can help with the understanding of the CLA’s advertising requirements. Stay in compliance with the law by knowing and understanding one’s rights under the guidelines of leasing a pet.

Consumer Leasing Act (CLA) by the Federal Trade Commission

As quoted, this Act, amending the Truth in Lending Act, regulates personal property leases that exceed four months in duration and made to consumers for personal, family, or household purposes. The Act requires that an individual’s lease costs and terms disclosed imposes limitations on the size of penalties for delinquency or default and the size of residual liabilities and requires certain disclosures in lease advertising.

Advertising Consumer Leases

With the advertisement of consumer leases, the Federal Trade Commission has essential information for those leasing:  “Advertisement has to comply along with the applied rules indicated by the Consumer Leasing Act (CLA) and Regulation M. for lease advertising. These requirements focus on essential lease information for consumers and are designed to help consumers shop and compare lease terms.” 

For any additional information on Advertising Consumer Leases, please research articles under federal guidelines.

Outside of the Continental United States contact the municipalities and countries laws to learn more about pet leasing agreements.

We reference from the Federal Trade Commission site comparison shopping that might help to manage any health care costs of a pet. Always talk to a veterinarian who would recommend a prescription medication after the pet been diagnose.  A veterinarian could directly issue a written prescription to a pharmacy.

Other factors to consider when pricing medication for a pet

Before buying medication online check to ensure that the online services are licensed.

Always check with a veterinarian before considering applying any medication to a pet.

If deciding on electronic and home delivery, there are sellers that would provide these services.

The FTC brings attention to scam artists by trying to educate pet lovers about the misguided posting of ads, or the potential seller may not have the animal available at all.

Try not to be fooled by scammers as they come in different shades of characters, for their primary goal to sell an illusion. Here are tips that could help target scams as presented by FTC:

Federal Trade Commission asks that one become aware of scam artists.  The following would highlight some of the scam concerns to acknowledge:

It is better not to use a money transfer service. The request for money transfer services is a typical sign of a scam when they insist on this service.  Western Union or Money-Gram will be what they ask for as the only form of payment for a pet if it is a scam.   Sending cash is the same as sending a money transfer; however, once sent, a person will not be able to get it back.

We suggest to always research products and services. Detailed information considered when concerning selling a pet. Get the person’s full name, also mailing address and phone number.  Learn of the person’s name or phone number by using the word scam or complaint if buying online.

Maybe adoption should be considered from a local animal shelter that’s local.   Remember that all types of pets are in shelters all across the United States, and they are just waiting to be kept in loving homes. A majority of these pets are adoptable for a small price.

If considering adopting outside of the United States, please contact all regions for their guidelines to find out if this practice is available in one’s local region.

Standards Held by the FTC:

Standards are set by the Federal Trade Commission to make the truth easier to extract from the advertising.  Sound information claims are something that companies would be held accountable.

National disaster and Extreme weather usually give little warning.  A pet owner must make sure they and their pets are ready to evacuate away their home at a minute’s notice.  Being prepared would help with any concerns of anxiety in case there is ever an emergency. 

• The month for National Preparedness is September and is the best time to get the family, pets, and property ready.
• Keeping Important Files in order is Key to Preparedness.
• Assurance that any missing documents could be replaced, including insurance documents via flood insurance, rental insurance, and mortgage insurance.
• Organizing finances in advance is essential.
• Ready the home for any potential disasters
• Speak to the family about preparedness
• Contact family and friends if any emergency evacuation occurs
• Make sure that all essential documents are updated
• Make sure to contact local areas that have shelter for the family and the pets.

Consider utilizing our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” Electronic Digital Filing System to assure your files are available to print out.

Please consider signing up for the alerts and warnings in the local area if available.

Preparing for the family, pets, livestock, and securing property should be the first steps.  Consider protecting the property in extreme weather situations.  The following is a few weather emergency tips to consider:

Referenced by the AAFCO

The Labeling Guide for Pet Food and Specialty Pet Food is developed and collaborated with feed control officials from different states.  The Labeling Guide Information provides the AAFCO model regulations for Pet Food and Specialty Pet Food. 

The Food and Drug Laws Regulations may be different for other states and countries.

As quoted, Under the Guides for the United States, the following are to be acknowledged, “A brief review of food and drug law in the U.S. is the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act).  The Federal Drug Administration/FDA takes the responsibility with making sure food for both people and animals’ consumption is safe, manufactured correctly in the code, and labeled correctly in guidelines.

As indicated by the FD&C Act, the agency defines “food” as “articles used for food or drink for man or other animals’ consumption.” 

The animal drug has to be reviewed by the FD&C Act for effectiveness and safety, as this comes before the company would be able to sell the drug legally.  At the same time, this pre-market to be reviewed before the information is submitted to be evaluated by the agency on behalf of the company.  The approval by the agency would make sure that the drug is safe for its intended usage.

Congress amended the FD&C Act to help ensure that the nation’s food supply is safe.  Therefore, “Congress amended the FD&C Act.  This act since passed what is called, “FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) in 2011”.  Also, FSMA allows the FDA to better protect public health, with strengthening the food safety system and then shifting the focus from responding to contamination of the food supply to preventing contamination. This law applies to food for people as well as food for animals, including pet food.”

Pet owners with concerns of their pet’s Dietary Supplement Health and Education needs, the following should apply:

About the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) amended the FD&C Act in 1994; this created a new category of concoctions and a new regulatory scheme as well. Dietary supplements are a new category, and these products placed in a particular category by the new regulatory scheme.  They are under the umbrellas of foods and not under food drugs or food additives.  The FDA pre-market review is required by both under (food addictive’s or drugs). Therefore, marketing supplements for the diet with no pre-market review is allowed by DSHEA.

Accordingly, 1996 was the year that the FDA decided that the DSHEA could not apply for products meant for use in animals.  Dietary supplements and products marketed for animals will not fall under DSHEA and FDA will not recognize these as particular categories.  Either animal drugs or food for animals are products classified by the agency.

Guide for the Compliance Policy; this policy spells out the facts that the FDA would consider while determining any regulatory action against any company.  Also, any company who might be inappropriately intending to sell complete pet food diets to stop a disease.

The availability of these products to pet owners is preferred by the FDA to be through retail stores, veterinarians or Internet sellers and to be directed by a veterinarian. It is essential for a veterinarian to be involved because the products of health foods are put together for quite specific health needs, as the suitability of these formulations is not suited for all pets.

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

Additional tips to keep in mind while interacting and to care for pets

• Prepare proper housing and environment for the pet
• Thorough research about choosing the right pet
• Are there allergy concerns interacting with the pet?
• Understanding the pet’s every need, and all the needs the pet requires throughout its life?
• Understanding the cost of keeping a pet healthy,
• Having in possession the correct literature and reference guides for keeping a pet healthy with proper nutrition

Managing the toilet habits of the pet

Understanding the training necessary to get the most satisfaction out of a chosen pet

As cited by the ASPCA, “Many discovered the beneficial effects of caring for their furry friend, with roughly 15 to 20% of the population being allergic to animals.”  Reference indicated, “those pet allergens are likely associated with proteins in their dander.  Pet allergens are the scales of old skin that are constantly shed by an animal, including the animal’s saliva, urine found in the sebaceous cells.   Any animal could likely trigger an allergic response. However, cats are the most common with this concern.  Many people could become allergic to exotic pets.  In all, this includes allergic concern about animals such as birds, rabbits, and rodents, ferrets, and guinea pigs.  Reportedly, there is no species or breed to which humans cannot develop allergies.”

Decontaminating a Pet

At least once a week, a pet owner should tend to a pet’s body cleanliness. Through research, one could learn about shampoo that would not dry out their skin.  Allergies that could collect in the animal’s fur would be washed away with correct bathing.

Select the product to wipe one’s pet to prevent dander build up and to flaking skin.

Be aware of dermatitis symptoms that the pet companion may exhibit. Dermatitis could lead to skin and fur shedding.  Take notice of the increase to allegerin exposure.

Frequently comb or brush the pet fur. Outdoors is the best place to do this, if possible. (The ASPCA does not recommend keeping cats outdoors, so make sure your feline has a leash if you take them outside.)

Allergies concerns suggested by ASPCA.

Someone else should be arranged to do the house cleaning for the owner, because of one’s allergies if possible.

Washing the pet, cleaning the litter box and brushing and wiping is best done by non- allergenic person. If this is not an option, wear a dust mask when house cleaning or changing cat litter.  Choose a preferable outfit when interacting with a pet and make sure to wear it when playing or cuddling with the companion, as other clothing would be left uncontaminated.

If holding the companion animal, make sure one’s hands are washed thoroughly before touching the face.  Around the eyes, and the nose may be sensitive to allergens in particular.

Essential Tips for Cat Care

• Consider Taking the Pet to a Veterinarian for Signs of Concerns
• No more Urination
• Pale or Inflamed Gums
• Strange Behavior, Scratching – Persistent scratching. Is probably related to the presence of fleas, ear mites, and other parasites
• Excessive Drooling – Any unusual drooling is cause for concern. There might be something stuck in the cat’s mouth, or it might have ingested a toxic substance.
• Increased thirst, request urination, weight loss, bad breath which might be an indicator of mouth ulcers or indicators of chronic kidney disease common in older cats
• Diarrhea caused by a range of problems, as benign as a food allergy or serious as feline infectious enteritis.
• Rapid, labored, or noisy breathing
• Limping – can indicate a broad range of potential problems, including hard and soft-issues injuries, as well as aged – related and more pressing concerns.
• Lethargy – lack of interest in everything is a particular cause for concern in cats.

Probably the most challenging experience the owner of a pet could face is coping with the upcoming loss of their beloved pet through death. Whether the beloved pet is diagnosed with any terminal illness or approaching the final years of life or accidental loss of life, it is essential to guide the end-of-life calmly.  Guidance through the end of life is essential and would lessen any uncomfortable and distressful feelings. Caring for a pet at home one might choose to have the support of friends and family, and one may acquire the assistance or supervision of a vet, expert animal consultant, professional pet breeder depending the circumstances surrounding the pet’s health. 

Crying and whimpering, which are signs we usually associate with pain, usually are not what one would find when their cat or dog is suffering.  An animal would still want to eat or drink even when they are suffering disorientation and pain.  Typical behavioral and physiological signs that the pet could experience include gasping for breath and excessive panting, pain, reclusiveness, and not eager to want to move and being picky with their food. 

Also, with herd-animals like horses, they may contract diseases from other horses they are running with primarily if the health conditions of the other horses are not known as sick animals culled from the group.  Remember, individual animals may suffer differently from others in their last stage of life.  Therefore, knowing the pet and paying attention to its health will help in comforting them throughout their last stages of life and in particular in its last days of life.

Minimizing distress or any pain they are experiencing would be the most important thing an individual could do for their elderly pet.

If one knows that undiagnosed issues will cause rapid deterioration and discomfort, then it is best to consult a vet for treatment of these health problems.

Protect and cover the pet with their favorite things like their special toys or a beautiful blanket.

It is best to provide a comfortable sleeping spot that has lots of cushioning because skin conditions caused by pressure will develop if the pet has limited mobility. 

Older pets may suffer from loss of bladder control or incontinence.  It is essential to check the beloved pet regularly to check for any soiling or wetness.  For safety concerns, consider making use of a large towel to wrap under and assist them.

In the case, the pet is suffering a terminal illness, and a cure not found, or available other options are palliative care and hospice care for pets.  Ultimately, an owner wants to make sure that their pet is comfortable in their last stage of life. To assist with making them comfortable use of pain medications, owner’s interaction, including friends and family, may help with providing support.   When considering hospice care, pet parents should be conscientious about prolonging the suffering of their pet, if they notice their pet in pain or experiencing poor quality of life.

Pet parents are best taught by a veterinarian, expert animal consultant, professional pet breeder how to give intensive care at home to keep their sick pet as comfortable as possible.  If hospice care considered, a recommendation by a primary veterinarian is the best person to consult about caring for the pet or in their specifically based needs.

For a pet who would only continue to suffer, Euthanasia will provide a peaceful and painless end for the beloved pet.  The best person to advise an individual on the timing of when to euthanize would be a vet, expert animal consultant, or professional pet breeder. Accurate records of the daily pet activities will help to decide if euthanasia is an option.

In the unfortunate circumstance, the beloved pet is dying at home; with various options to consider.  Decide on how the body removal from the home.  Do the pet parents plan to have the pet eternally memorialized at the time of it passing? 

The following are points of reference to consider:

Keeping the body of the pet in the home for a short period is an option as long as the body is properly kept cold if held for up to 24 hours.

Contacting a vet, expert animal consultant, professional pet breeder as soon as possible is very important if the pet parents want to have a necropsy (autopsy) performed on your beloved pet.

Research indicates, “If the animal is too big to be put into a refrigerator or freezer, to keep the body placed on a concrete slab, or placed on the floor that’s cremated, a suggested way to help with drawing the heat from the corpse. With all concerns keeping the pet body at a cool temperature is essential.”

Cremation for pets is a common practice for pet owners. However, deciding on keeping the pet’s ashes for remembrance should be planned.  Also, planning on the type of memorial would help with coping with any distressful time while dealing with their loss.  Consider businesses that offer individual cremation with the option of home pick-up and delivery of remains.

Please check with the local laws on burial rights and burial locations for pets’ options of burial rights such as pet cemetery or memorial park in local areas.

Other Options

Find out if the local sanitation department could remove the pet’s body, which could be found out through the local council.

Dealing with the hardship of any loss could be complicated; however, in the wake of the loss of a beloved pet, an individual may consider reaching out to their local municipalities when dealing with their loss.  A pet owner could also consult with a vet, expert animal consultant, professional pet breeder for additional support.

Finding Professional Behavior Help

Behaviors such as meowing, barking, biting, chewing, digging, or escaping are all behaviors, but a few that referenced are entirely natural for cats and dogs.   This behavior can be very challenging to some owners of pets.  The most efficient means to stop a pet’s behavioral issues are most often through professionals that are qualified.

Below are a few qualified, certified pets (dogs and cats) trainers to consider:

• Certified Professional Dog Trainers (CPDTs)
• A Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists
• A Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists (CAABs)
• An Associate Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists (ACAABs)
• A Certified Diplomat of the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists (Dip ACVBs)

Types of Pet Trainers

Trainer types include pet counselors, a pet therapist, and psychologist:

Different levels of education span significantly in the area of them working through an apprenticeship, working with animal shelters, training their animals of their own or their friends and family, or attending pet seminar shows along with attending animal workshop over time.  Others may become certified by attending training schools

 specialized in the field of their interest.

Other certification programs to consider are the following: 

A Council Certification for Dog Trainers who are professionals; this is an independent organization created by the Association of Professional Dog Trainers (APDT).  In review, this program offers an international certification program. 

To obtain a CPDT, one must abide by a code of ethics and earn continuing education credits to maintain certification.

Our research indicated the following to obtain a qualified certificate or degree in animal behavior:

When starting a certification program the following fields of studies are required for applied animal behavior includes;

(a) Behavior modification offers techniques that produce changes in behavior; 

(b) The normal behavior of the species they are treating, so they can recognize how and why a pet’s behavior is abnormal.

Also, teaching and counseling people, so they can effectively teach how to understand and work with a pet. Most CAABs work through veterinary referrals, and they work closely with veterinarians to select the best behavioral medications for pets.”

We advise contacting local schools and organizations that would offer this type of certification program.

Veterinary Behaviorists

Because animal behavior is not taught comprehensively in all veterinary training programs, Animal Behavior Knowledge is not required to earn a veterinary degree.  Some veterinarians look for specialized education in animal behavior and get certified from the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists.

A veterinarian must complete the requirements at the Diplomat of the American College of Veterinary Behaviorists (Dip ACVB), by completing a residency in behavior and pass a qualifying examination.

As a pet owner having a general knowledge of trained professionals would empower a person to seek the best help when addressing the needs of a pet’s health and behavior.

Group Class

Attending group obedience class is something that a pet owner and a pet would benefit most from when trying to learn a few basic manners, skills, and commands.  These commands include, come when called, and sit down.  Group class would benefit having a pet socialize with other animals.

Private Sessions – the best classroom context for a pet will be to see a professional outside group setting if they have specific behavioral problems.  For examples, some pets may have issues with anxiety, extreme aggression towards their owners, or other people and animals, or uncontrollable behavioral patterns of barking excessively.

Day Training & Board-and-Train

Busy pet owners find day training to be an excellent service.  They would come to a pet owner’s residence when requested, or some can take the dog and train it in their facility or their home.  A dog could be ideal for teaching obedience behaviors by a trainer.  For example; stay, wait, walk on a leash without pulling, coming when called, and also how to greet people and other pets.

With the service of Boarding-and-training, this means letting the pet stay in the kenneling facilities for a set period.  It is essential to know the method of practice that a trainer would offer with the types of packages in training a pet.  Ultimately, looking for successful results that would help manage the pet once it returns home.

When choosing the right professional

Always consider the type of services available ahead of time, as this would help to assure the best possible service that would address a pet needs.  When addressing the proper training for a pet, take the time to search for the right trainer or certified professionals in local areas.

Ask the right questions.

Make sure to check credentials and compare the comments of professionals.  Always compare professionals in local areas, and ask questions, to help to compare their methods and their experience before making a choice. Also, consider asking for references from former clients or veterinarians.  Professional who may shy away from providing their credentials or declining to speak about their qualification, one may consider seeking other professionals.  Most importantly, the pet requires a more committed trainer when dealing and training a pet.

Rule out physical problems:

We suggest that obtaining only licensed veterinarians to diagnose medical conditions.  If thinking that a pet is sick, injured, or experiencing any physical distress, please contact a veterinarian immediately.

When traveling with a pet, consider microchipping for proper identification.  Consider placing an identification collar, which includes the name and relevant profile of the pet that includes information, and a contact number.

When flying with a Pet

Studies suggest that if a beloved furred pet is small enough to ride under a seat, consider avoiding air travel with pets. However, when considering taking flight with a furred pet, the following are tips to consider when planning.

• Planning would help in preventing any hardship that one may encounter making any last-minute arrangements. Planning helps with avoiding any hardship with a pet left on the tarmac or left under any extreme weather conditions or if they are mishandled by baggage personnel during a layover.

• Planning before travel includes making an appointment with the pet’s veterinarian for a checkup. Updating a pet’s vaccinations and acquiring health certificates.

• Travel outside of the continental United States, we suggest planning and learning the health care requirements that may be necessary. Contact the foreign office of the country traveling to for more information.

• We suggest the purchase of a USDA-approved shipping crate. Make sure that a crate should be large enough for a pet to stand, sit and turn around in comfortably, and lined with some bedding—shredded paper or towels—to absorb accidents.  Make sure that it could open in case of an emergency.

• Make sure the pet’s crate has proper identification. We suggest identifying a crate by highlighting it with the words “Live Pet” and the owner’s name, along with your contact information. For security, consider a photo of the pet tagged onto the crate.

• Inform the airline employee of a crate carrier; this would alert the airline of traveling with a live animal (beloved pet). By informing the airline, this would help them provide any extra accommodation if needed when addressing the well-being of a person’s pet.

• Most importantly, make sure to check with any foreign embassies before taking flight in advance, and make sure to check with a destination country about having possession of animals, as all countries have different laws.

Before deciding to travel long distance by car with a furred animal, here are a few tips to consider:

• Consider making the proper preparation before traveling with a pet by taking short trips close to home before making any long-stretched journey.

• Once a pet becomes accustomed to shorter trips, this would gear the pet’s mind to handle any long trips. Preparation is always crucial to use as a measuring stick to the testing of time.

• When taking trips to different states, speak with a vet, expert animal consultant, or a professional pet breeder to inquire about proper vaccinations and any medication that a pet may need.

• If needed, inquire from a vet about any certification/travel documents needed; also, bring along a medication first-aid kit.

• With the same as transporting other beloved pets, including birds, or livestock as pets, we suggest keeping pets’ safe in a secure and a well-ventilated crate or carrier fitted for their size. The pet must be kept in the back seat in a harness attached to a seat buckle.

• Comfort a pet with its favorite foods, toys a leash, and grooming supplies. Do not’ forget your furred pet plastic bags.  Not forgetting the plastic bags would help with keeping down any pollution, and it would help to maintain the control of bodily waste.
• Most importantly carrying drinking water should always be on board.

• Remember to never leave an animal alone in a parked vehicle, no matter the weather conditions.

Keeping up with the proper vaccination of animals helps with decreasing many preventable illnesses that affect pets. The need for a pet to be vaccinated also helps with maintaining a long and healthier life. 

Check with a vet, expert animal consultant, professional pet breeder when addressing the right vaccination procedure and ask about any risk and benefits that are relevant for the health of a pet. 

Caring for pets including the following lists of common Pets

This provided profile will be for all pets, including:

Pigs as a Pet – Deciding whether a pig is a right fit for a person or a family.  This choice may not be an everyday decision to make when compared to a dog or a cat.  A pig is cute and cuddly in itself at an early stage, but like the wildest stock they do grow up.  Studies revealed that pigs could become destructive because pigs are naturally regarded, as prey. 

A pig’s personality and character are unique as they are brilliant compared to other domesticated animals. However, they could become demanding in nature.  They are relatively manipulative, easily bored, and aggressive depending.

Before deciding on welcoming a pig into a home, make sure that the home is proof ready.  We suggest making sure that there is a safe space for them and that the family is ready to manage this type of pet. Check for any household products that the pig could interact with, by making sure all products, including medicines, toxins, and any personal items, are secured.  The pig may want to interact with products with attractive scents or smell.

As noted, a pig is a clever and mischievous animal, and its inherent nature would not change because an owner decided to have this pig in their home.  For a standard-setting, proof-ready the home for the pig, just as it would be proof-ready for a child.

As a pet owner, make sure to be ready for any expense, and that there is a veterinarian available in the area should there be a need.

The nature of the pig is somewhat different from a dog or a cat. They may not show much affection; however, most domesticated animals love to be rubbed and massaged.  For a pig, they sometimes express their affections, by way of allowing their owner to scratch, and massage them.

Keep in mind that pigs become attached to their owners and other family members more rapidly.  They also become depressed if separated at any time. Therefore, be careful if deciding when the pet is no longer wanted.  Speak to a veterinarian of the best possible solution when addressing detachment from any pet.

The average life expectancy for a small potbellied pig is 12 to 15 years, depending on their functional health.  Be careful of the pig becoming overweight, as this would contribute to potential lousy health. Practice preparing good food habits for one’s pet and to make sure to socialize the pet with family and friends, and other sociable animals in the home are essential.  It is also crucial to make sure that this animal maintains physical exercise and get sunlight.

On average pigs like the outdoors because they are naturally suited to be out in nature, where they get their required nutrition from the soil.  Therefore, to protect this precious pet, make sure to have a secured yard for the pig’s daily activities, and make sure to protect them from the elements. 

If, decided to keep a pig indoors, as a renter make sure to check with a landlord before deciding on purchasing this animal.

Before deciding on choosing a potbellied pig check with a city, county, village, and township before making a final decision.   These localities would communicate help to guide and determine the applied codes and law for the area. 

Pigs are different from cats and dogs as they like to keep cool by rolling over in water and mud.

Before welcoming a pig into a home, speak with the family before making a group decision. If deciding on welcoming an additional pet into the home, consider the interactions that these pets may have to one another.

Setup their housing areas with toys and other playful gadgets, and make sure that any toys are safe proof and non-toxic.  Inquire from a pet breeder or pet store about the proper set up of toys and housing.  It is necessary to safe proof for the housing enclosure for the new pet.

To address any aggression of this mouse species always abreast self with any additional study about safety concerns.

To enhance their diet, add both vitamin and minerals supplements.

Feeding: make sure to use a metal or glass or other substantial material to place their food in as a preferred choice.  Their foods are fruits and vegetables and naturally prepared food.  Daily fresh water is vital and set their water supply in a secured bowl in their designated area.

Grooming:  It is common for a pig to play in water and mud; however, as a pet parent, it is essential to groom the pig by bathing them regularly.

Rats – as reported by the Humane Society of the United States, “Those who keep rats as pets must realize that they are highly intelligent and social animals.  These animals clean themselves regularly and thrive on regular interaction.  Research indicates that there are millions of rats used each year in research experiments; however, the vast majority of these experiments not covered by the Animal Welfare Act. Learn what makes these animals unique.

Brief History: Surprising to many who did not learn about the species of rats and what they comprise of, one would learn that rats have a fantastic background.  These small creatures compared with several other species of the rodent families, that includes gophers, beavers, woodchucks, squirrels, and marmots.  Also, with the fossils of the rat and its relations as far back as approximately 60 million years, as it is from these fossils that exiting rodents thrive in our present day.  

There are many studies of other species that include some of our smaller species like the mouse that has more than a 1,000 species in this second group.  This group of species includes the guinea pigs, mouse, hamsters, porcupines, and lemmings.

The uniqueness about rats is their ability to gnaw through things. 

Their body structure makeup consists of this rodent to have four opposing incisors with two in the upper jaws and two in the lower jaws. The rat teeth will continuously grow about 5 inches each year throughout its life.  Because of the rat’s uniqueness and its body traits, this enables them to thrive throughout their life.

Educating oneself about the rat’s nature, its intelligence, and its survival techniques have been studied over several centuries. They have been studied for a multitude of reasons, including studies under scientific reasoning’s when first used by scientific research in the United States in the 1890s until the present day. 

Facts remain that rats are known for their destruction to structures, including food stored or not stored, and they are known to spread diseases through their feces, and urine.  They also act as a host for carrying diseases.

When considering taking on the responsibility for caring for these small creatures as a pet, it is essential to know that in their natural settings, rats are small social-friendly and intelligent.  As keepers of these pets, pet parents must remember that these pets are still a creature by nature. Therefore, it is essential to proof ready the home before keeping these desired pets.  Be mindful of adequately storing food to avoid destruction or transmit of any diseases.

Scientist studies say that not properly storing food may cause or lead to an increase in the population.  We cannot stress the importance of proofing a home of these unwanted creatures, as rats thrive in warm weather, looking for shelter and food.

There are two types of rats:  The first is a “roof rat” known to be more flexible and staying higher off the ground.  The roof rat also is known to be more acrobatic where they would use whatever is available to travel from one location to the other.  Their direct relation is the “ground rat” that relatively stays on the ground or closer to the ground when not climbing on things to get to food or to maneuver through something.    However, when choosing the best rat fitting for an owner, our site suggests through its studies to consider the choice of a domestic rat.  

Acquiring information from a local rat breeder or pet store would provide more detailed information about the type of rat and the location of its origin.  

Selecting a Breed:

Preferably one should purchase their rat from a rat breeder or pet establishment, as choosing a rat from an establishment would help to address the concerns of the proper rat habitat and feeding for a chosen rat.

As pets, they are a perfect companion if choosing one to keep as a pet.  However, if keeping a rat as a pet, it is suggested that they should be kept in pairs because rats love to socialize.   After purchasing a pet rat consider training them for their feeding time, and how to interact with their owner. 

Character:  Rats are known to be intelligent, and agile creatures, that have excellent senses with the lesser senses being their sight. They would use their sense of touch to compensate.  Rats are known to be balancing over lines (including balancing on pole lines, or clotheslines) during their travel.  Similar to humans’, rats have a good sense of smell, enjoys sweets, and have a good sense of taste.  Their character does not rest on being loud or noisy, like a pet dog.  They are opposite to both dogs and cats with them being very quiet.  On average, their upkeeps are considered inexpensive.

Coloration:  they have a variety of coat colors.  Studies indicated that through the chromosomes are a package of cells and through these cells determines the eye color, hair color, and length of the tail.  The uniqueness of each cell has its traits called a gene.

The coat pattern consists of two types with both spotted (consisting of a pattern called hooded, having white bodies and dark head and shoulders with a stripe extended along the back.  There is also a pattern called notched, with other solid colors include chocolate, gray, black, brown, lilac, lavender, gray, silver, and sand.  There are colored-pointed rats that are not as common.  Other rat colors are the Irish rat with white spots on belly and chest, and Himalayan rats with dark paws and noses.

For additional tips, please contact the Humane Society or contact the organization within a country that would provide the same or similar tips that would help with providing any educational support.

Adopting a Pet:  consider inquiring about small animals given to shelters when other people give them up, as this will be saving lives by adopting from a shelter of those who house such animals.

Housing:  remember that rats need the proper cage set for their environment.  Preparing their housing with preferable plexiglass or glass aquarium is suggested.  Their bedding should be in a natural setup with material that would provide warmth, free of intoxicating pesticides and resins, and make sure it is dust-free. To help absorb any dropping shredded newspaper is a possible sound choice. 

This animal would require daily exercise, including stretching its legs and being cuddled by its owner.  Therefore, daily interaction and attention are essential for a rat’s well-being. 

Maintaining – Thoroughly clean a rat’s cage every week and spot-clean the cage every 3 to 4 days.  Keeping the cage clean is a must as this would help to avoid any sanitation problems.  Along with making sure to have proper temperature control as their habitat temperature should set at approximately 65 to 80 degrees.

Similar to some of our pet parrots, the rat cage should not be set near a window to prevent any direct sunlight.

Since rats are now cared for by their owner, make sure that any toys are safe proof and non-toxic.  Setting up their housing area with toys and other playful gadgets may be helpful.  Further, make sure to inquire from a pet breeder or pet store the proper setup of toys and housing, as this would help with all necessary proofing to install a safe structure for a new pet.

Grooming:  rats usually groom themselves by licking their body fur.  Rats love bathing in water.

For safety concerns, keep in mind that rats can carry salmonella, which is classified as intestinal bacteria causing short but intense bouts of sickness in healthy adults.  Salmonella can also seriously sicken a person who is already in a weakened state from other health conditions.  As reported by the Humane Society, pregnant women should also handle rats or any other species with caution during their pregnancy.

Feeding: make sure their food containers are solid like metal or glass as this would be the preferred choice.  Their foods are fruits and vegetables, with vital daily freshwater of course. Try to set their water supply in a bottle hanging upward inside the cage.  Always check with a local pet store or online with reputable websites that would provide a proper diet profile for a pet rat.

A general rat diet consists of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (starches and sugars).  Consider grains, seeds, nuts, and meat, providing a minimal amount of 14% to 20% protein. Carbohydrates should be at least 75% of their diet with a supply of grains, vegetables, nuts, and seeds to provide a small portion of fats consider, nuts, seeds, and meat.  Both vitamins and minerals should be added supplements to their diet.

Rats require the appropriate portion amount of protein, as missed portion could cause other health concerns to their skin.  Although a rat diet could consist of fruits feeding them, citrus fruits could lead to other health concerns for the male rat.   Rat also enjoy snacks and treats of human foods, but never allow a rat to overeat.

For any aggression problems with this species always abreast self with any additional study to satisfy any safety concerns.  If deciding to get a rat, keep in mind budgeting, and the startup cost, along with equipment and proof-readying the home for this new addition.

Training:  a pet rat requires attention and affection, as this animal is very sociable.  Train a pet rat to interact within its cage with toys for stimulation.  It would help to keep them active when the owner is not present, or when they are no other family members.  

Health Concerns:  Conjunctivitis and upper respiratory infections are common for rats.  Also, older rats may suffer from kidney disease.  Make sure to provide vet check-ups for a pet rat.

Body Structure:  the average weight of a rat is approximately 10 to 17 oz, with an average length between 11 to 8 inches.  Rats have a short muzzle, and their body contour is chubby to slender.  Their ears are about ¾ inches mostly covered by fur, with the tail shorter than head and body for some species.

The Humane Society referenced that rats are a nocturnal species. “Which means their natural tendency is to sleep during the day and become active at night.”  Consider timing the rat sleeping schedule to accommodate the needs of the pet.

Make sure the rat would get the attention

it needs if they are other pets as well.

Considering maintenance cost –

Medical research has revealed, “that some people have allergic reactions to rats. These symptoms could include skin reactions such as rashes or respiratory problems.  Allergies are known to create a reaction in response to dander (dead skin cells), saliva, and urine. If one is not allergic to their rat, they may find they could be allergic to certain types of bedding, such as hay or wood shaving.”

If they have never lived with a rat, test the waters by visiting a household that has a pet rate, spend time handling adoptable rats at a local Humane Society.  By doing this, one may meet with a new best friend in the process).

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly.  Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns.  It would help to prevent the spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from contracting any spread of diseases.   As a precaution for concern for sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Pet Mouse – A domestic pet mouse is the most common type of mouse available as a pet.  The pet mouse was selectively bred to enhance the desirable qualities of the mouse.  Their life-span is approximately 1.5 to 3 years.  Notably, there are approximately 40 varieties of a mouse, spanning over the globe and appearing in different shades.  Although a mouse is not as popular as guinea pigs or rabbit, they could still be a safe choice as a friendly furry pet.

If choosing a pet mouse, once the cost of their housing is set up, they require minimum maintenance.  A pet mouse requires a small stationary space, the feeding supply is inexpensive, but as pets, consider keeping them indoors.  Most times, a pet mouse is relaxed when bathing them.  

Temperament: The pet mouse is viewed as a very friendly species to consider when thinking about a pet suitable for an owner.  Check with a pet shop to inquire about the proper setup and feeding routine.

Adopting a Pet:   As a potential pet owner consider inquiring about small animals given to shelters when other people give them up.  It will help with saving lives by adopting from a shelter that has such animals.

Housing:  Remember that housing pet mouse requires the proper cage set up for their ideal environment.  Preparing the mouse housing with preferable plexiglass or a glass aquarium is suggested.  The bedding should be in a natural setup with material that would provide warmth, free of intoxicating pesticides and resins, and make sure it is dust-free.

To assist absorbing the droppings it is recommended to use shredded newspaper.  This animal would require daily exercise, including stretching its legs and being cuddled by its owner.  Therefore, daily interaction and attention are essential for the well-being of the mouse. 

Thoroughly clean the cage every week and spot-clean the cage every 3 to 4 days or weekly.  Keeping the cage clean is a must as this would help to avoid any sanitation problems. 

Also, make sure to have proper temperature control as their habitat temperature recommended setting at approximately 65 to 80 degrees. Similar to some of our pet parrots, to prevent direct sunlight, the cage should not be set near a window

Setup their housing areas with toys and other playful gadgets, and make sure that any toys are safe proof and non-toxic.  Inquire from a pet breeder or pet store about the proper set up of toys and housing.  It is necessary to safe proof for the housing enclosure for the new pet.

Grooming:  It is common for the mouse to groom themselves by licking their body fur.

Feeding: make sure to use a metal or glass or other substantial material to place their food in as a preferred choice.  Their foods are fruits and vegetables.  Daily fresh water is vital and try to set their water supply in a bottle hanging upside down inside the cage.

For proteins consider grains, seeds, nuts, mealworms, and lean meat; for carbohydrates include a diet with a supply of grains, vegetables, nuts and seeds; and with providing a small portion of fats consider, nuts, seeds, and meat.  Their diet should include both vitamin and minerals supplements

To address any aggression of this mouse species always abreast self with any additional study about safety concerns. 

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly.  Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns.  It would help to prevent the spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from contracting any spread of diseases.   As a precaution for concern of sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Hamsters – The Humane Society reports – Hamsters are nocturnal, which means they will be most active at night.  Often hamsters are purchased for children who want to play with them during the day.  As they are playing with their furry little friend, the hamster would rather be sleeping if its daytime.  Children under eight years od should be monitored by adults when handling these furry hamsters’, as hamsters require gentle touching and care.

For safety measures, keep in mind that hamsters can carry salmonella and intestinal bacteria that causes sickness in healthy adults. Salmonella can also seriously sicken a person who is already in a weakened state from other health conditions.  As reported by the Humane Society, pregnant women should also handle hamsters or any other species with precautions during their pregnancy.

For any aggression of this species always abreast self with any additional study and safety concerns.  If one decides to consider purchasing a hamster keep in mind budgeting and the startup cost, which includes, equipment and proof-readying the home for this new addition.

Quoted by the Humane Society – “Hamsters are fairly independent and can entertain themselves for extended periods.   However, it is recommended to provide their housing with properly enriched toys, bedding, and opportunities for burrowing and climbing”.  Still, to be happy and well-adjusted, the hamster should receive daily handling and interaction. Keep in mind that the hamster’s cage should be clean every week.”

The hamster’s typical lifespan is 2.5 to 3 years.  Pets purchase for young children, it is recommended to prepare the children for the pet’s death by educating them about the short-term life that some of these species may have. 

Adopting a Pet: Consider inquiring about small animals given to shelters that other people have given up.  It will help with saving lives by adopting from a shelter of those who house similar animals.

Housing:  Housing, a hamster, would require proper cage set up for their environment’ by preparing their housing with preferable plexiglass or glass aquarium as a choice. 

Their bedding should be in a natural setup with material that would provide warmth, free of intoxicating pesticides and resins, and make sure it is dust-free. To help absorb some of their droppings consider making use of shredded newspaper.  This animal would require daily exercise, including stretching its legs and being cuddled on its owner’s lap.  Therefore, daily interaction and attention are essential for a hamster’s well-being. 

Keeping the cage clean is a must as this would help to avoid any sanitation problems.  Along with making sure to have proper temperature control as their habitat temperature should ideally set at approximately 65 to 80 degrees. Similar to pet parrots, to prevent direct sunlight, placement near a window never recommended.

Setup their housing areas with toys and other playful gadgets, and make sure that any toys are safe proof and non-toxic.  Inquire from a pet breeder or pet store about the proper set up of toys and housing.  It is necessary to safe proof for the housing enclosure for the new pet.

Grooming:  hamster usually grooms themselves by licking their body fur.

Feeding: make sure to use a metal or glass or other substantial containers to place their food in as a preferred choice.  Their foods are fruits and vegetables.  Daily fresh water is vital and try to set their water supply in a bottle hanging upside down inside the cage.

For proteins consider grains, seeds, nuts, mealworms, and lean meat; for carbohydrates include a diet with a supply of grains, vegetables, nuts and seeds; and with providing a small portion of fats consider, nuts, seeds, and meat.  Their diet should include both vitamin and mineral supplements.

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly.  Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns.  It would help to prevent the spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from contracting any spread of diseases.  As a precaution for concern of sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Gerbil – referenced by Wikipedia – “A gerbil is a small mammal of the subfamily Gerbillinae in the order Rodentia and once recognized as desert rats.  The gerbil subfamily includes approximately 110 species from the countries of African, Indian, and Asian rodents, including sand rats, all of which adapted to arid habitats.  Most gerbils are primarily active during the day, making them diurnal, and with most known as omnivorous species. Gerbils related to mice and rats; they all belong to the family Muridae.”

Gerbils will get quite tame, and they are considered social animals.  In general, gerbils have a pretty friendly temperament, but gerbils generally inclined to bite if feeling threatened. However, with hand taming a gerbil, they are usually quite comfortable, and treats help to speed the process.

Adopting a Pet:  Consider inquiring about small animals given to shelters by other owners, as this may help with saving lives by adopting from a shelter of those who house such similar animals.

Housing:  Remember that housing pet gerbils require the proper cage set for their environment.  Remember that gerbils need the proper cage set for their environment.  Preparing their housing with preferable plexiglass or glass aquarium is suggested.  Their bedding should be in a natural setup with material that would provide warmth, free of intoxicating pesticides and resins, and make sure it is dust-free. To help absorb some of this dropping consider using shredded newspaper.  

This animal would require daily exercise, including stretching its legs and being cuddled by its owner’s lap.  Therefore, daily interaction and attention are essential for a hamster’s well-being.

Thoroughly clean a gerbil’s cage every week and spot-clean the cage every 3 to 4 days or weekly.  Keeping the cage clean is a must as this would help to avoid any sanitation problems.  Along with making sure to have proper temperature control as their habitat temperature should set at approximately 65 to 80 degrees. Similar to pet parrots, the gerbil cage should not be set near a window to prevent any direct sunlight.

Setup their housing areas with toys and other playful gadgets, and make sure that any toys are safe proof and non-toxic.  Inquire from a pet breeder or pet store about the proper set up of toys and housing.  It is necessary to safe proof for the housing enclosure for the new pet.

For any aggression of the gerbil species, always abreast self with any additional study and safety concerns.  If, decided to get a gerbil to keep in mind budgeting and the startup cost, which includes, equipment and proof-reading the home for this new addition.

Grooming:  gerbils frequently groom themselves by licking their body fur.

Feeding: make sure of more substantial material to place their food in such as metal or glass as the preferred choice. Their foods are fruits and vegetables.  Daily fresh water is vital and try to set their water supply in a bottle hanging upside down inside the cage.

For proteins consider grains, seeds, nuts, and meat; for carbohydrates include a diet with a supply of grains, vegetables, nuts and seeds; and with providing a small portion of fats consider, nuts, seeds, and meat.  Both vitamin and minerals should be added supplements for their diet.

For safety, keep in mind that gerbils can carry salmonella, classified as intestinal bacteria leading to sickness in healthy adults.  Also, Salmonella can seriously sicken a person who is already in a weakened state from other health conditions.  As reported by the Humane Society, pregnant women should also handle gerbils are any other species with precautions during their pregnancy.

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly.  Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns.  It would help to prevent the spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from contracting any spread of diseases.   As a precaution for concern for sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Guinea Pigs – A fun and cute furry creature,” the guinea pig or domestic guinea pig are also known as cavy or domestic cavy.  This species of rodent belongs to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. They come from Guinea in Africa, and the origin of their name is still unclear; they originated in the Andes of South America.  Studies based on biochemistry and hybridization suggest these rodents are domesticated descendants of a closely related species of the cavy.  Therefore, these rodents do not exist naturally in the wild,” as reported by Wikipedia.

Guinea pigs classified as social animals, and they love to socialize with other guinea pigs.  When purchasing a guinea pig, try to buy them in pairs that are same-sex pair, unless intending to breed the guinea pigs.  Remember always to study personality and characters, as this may help with determining the best fit when making living arrangements.  While a guinea pig does not live nearly as long as a cat or dog, they still require their owner’s dedicated devotion.  Guinea pigs typically live on average five to seven years, or longer, therefore, as an owner be prepared to provide care over the long term.

For any aggression of this species always abreast self with any additional study and safety concerns.  If one is decided to purchase a gerbil keep in mind budgeting and the startup cost, which includes, equipment and proof-readying a home for this new addition.

We recommend thorough preparation when considering a guinea pig before bringing them home.  Guinea pigs, unlike hamsters or gerbils, have a lifespan of 5 to 7 years plus, and they would require caring over a longer length of time. 

Prepare children with the knowledge of the short life expectancy of these lovable pets.

Housing: For Guinea pigs, because they are very active, they require space.  Remember that Guinea pigs need the proper cage set up to create their environment.  Preparing their housing with preferable plexiglass or aquarium glass is a relatively right choice.  Their bedding should be in a natural setup with material that would provide warmth, free of intoxicating pesticides and resins, and make sure it is dust-free. To help absorb some of their droppings using shredded newspaper.  

Guinea pigs require daily exercise, including stretching their legs and being cuddled in the lap of their owner.  Therefore, daily interaction and attention are essential for guinea pig well-being.

Thoroughly clean gerbil’s cage every week and spot-clean the cage every 3 to 4 days or weekly. Keeping the cage clean is a must as this would help to avoid any sanitation problems.  Along with making sure to have proper temperature control as their habitat temperature should set at approximately 65 to 75 degrees. Similar to some pet parrots, the Guinea pigs cage should not be set near a window to prevent any direct sunlight.

Setting up proper housing area with toys and other playful gadgets, make sure that any toys are safe proof and non-toxic.  Also, make sure that to inquire from a pet breeder or pet store the proper setup of toys and housing.  Also, pet parents staying mindful of doing all necessary proof readying by installing a safe structure for a new pet.

We suggest for any aggression of this species always abreast self with any additional study and safety concerns.  If one decides to get, a Guinea pig, keep in mind budgeting and the startup cost, which includes, equipment and proof-readying the home for this new addition.

Grooming:  Guinea pig usually grooms themselves by licking their body fur.

Feeding: make sure feed bowls for their food are metal or glass, as metal or glass as the preferred choice.  Their foods are fruits and vegetables.  Daily fresh water is vital and try to set their water supply in a bottle hanging upside down with a drip-hole inside the cage.

For proteins consider grains, seeds, nuts, and meat; for carbohydrates include a diet with a supply of grains, vegetables, nuts and seeds; and with providing a small portion of fats consider, nuts, seeds, and thin meat.  Both vitamin and minerals should be added supplements for their diet.

For safety, keep in mind that guinea pig can carry salmonella is classified as intestinal bacteria that causes sickness in healthy adults.  Also, Salmonella can seriously sicken a person who is already in a weakened state from other health conditions.  As reported by the Humane Society, pregnant women should also handle guinea pigs are any other species with precautions during their pregnancy.

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly.  Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns.  It would help to prevent the spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from contracting any spread of diseases.  As a precaution for concern for sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Rabbits – Rabbits are very adorable socialize animals and are a welcoming pet to have in the home.  A rabbit’s interaction with other family members could be welcoming, as it is known to be friendly as a house pet.  However, consider the cost of upkeep with housing this animal.  There life-span is about ten years or longer.

Housing and Feeding – when choosing a pet rabbit, they require a larger stationary space, inexpensive feeding supply and typically kept as an indoor pet.  Keep in mind about the rabbit’s cost of food, and bedding, which on average is more in cost to maintain over the years.  Plan in advance for ongoing costs for this pet on food and housing?

Remember, rabbits need to be spayed and neutered and remember the vet fees if deciding on a pet rabbit. One must pay the spay/neuter fees if the bunny did not get the surgery while at the shelter/rescue). They are relaxed when bathing them.  Although rabbits are known as a very friendly species, try to think about the pros and cons when considering if rabbit suitable as a pet.  Check with a pet shop to inquire about the proper setup and feeding routine.

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly.  For this would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns or spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from absorbing any spread of diseases.  As a precaution for concern for sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Hedgehogs – from a distance or close up these small adorable looking creatures would likely place a spark in one’s eyes.  

Brief History: these little animals surprisingly have been around for millions of years, and they are native to both Africa and locations in southern Europe. This species of cute furry-like animal, the domesticated hedgehog, is a commonly kept pet around the globe.

There are various species, including the four-toed hedgehog, the African pygmy hedgehog, the Egyptian long-eared hedgehog, the Indian long-eared hedgehog, the Algerian hedgehog and the white-bellied.  The African Hedgehog is the most common hedgehog chosen as a pet.  Since being domesticated in the 1980s, they have grown in popularity.  The Hedgehog is a mammal and classified as a nocturnal animal.

Character: they are unique for their body covered in quills, with a sharply spiked needlepoint at the tip.  Quills are needle-like used as a defense mechanism of the security of the hedgehog.  Some may say that hedgehog quill points are similar to the points on a porcupine.  There is some difference, but hedgehog is relative of shrews, and moles and the porcupine are a relative of rats and beavers.

Some may think that hedgehog spines are the same of the porcupines, but the spines of a hedgehog are attached much more permanently to the animal’s skin.  However, the guills of a porcupine will extract much more rarely.  Nevertheless, these cute animals are attractive and not threatening.  Remember, when handing them, they often curl up in the form of a ball in the palm of one’s hands.  

Hedgehog color patterns comes a variety of colors; including brown, cream-gray, black, and albino.  The underbelly area of the hedgehog does not show any pattern of color, although the hedgehog chest shows color.  An important point to remember, domestic hedgehogs thieve in temperate climates with no need to hibernate.

Feeding:  The hedgehog will eat many things as they are opportunistic in their wild habitat.  Insects make up the central part of the hedgehog diet.  Because the hedgehog is an insectivore by nature, their diet will need to be low in fat with high protein content. Pet shops sell foods suited for insectivores; for which, these foods made from the components of insects.

Housing:  Hedgehog housing is similar to pet rats, guinea pigs, and hamsters kept in enclosed cages.  It would help with securing them from any predators such as, the owner’s resident dog and cat, or other larger animals that share the home. It is suggested to proof the home and have an area secure that is suited to keep the hedgehog enclosure.  Many hedgehogs are fed cat food by their owners; this mix is dry cat food and would mainly act as base food for their daily meal.

The hedgehog spends most of their time in the cage; requiring space to roam about and climbing; therefore, make sure to add these two provisions within their enclosure.  Because hedgehogs are more of a pet that stays in a cage, to adequately provide them with a comfortable environment is essential.  

Basic requirements for a hedgehog are proper bedding that has some fluffy materials. A litter box is always a must but try to avoid anything made of toxic material.  A pet hedgehog should have a sturdy food bowl for both dry and moist food. Preferably hedgehog should be housed in a larger cage that gives them more space to roam.  

Toys include things such as ladders for climbing, wheels to help with both mental exercise and playtime as these types of animals like to explore their surroundings.  So, as a pet owner, provide them with as many things as possible for them to explore.  Since they will hide by instinct, a half hollow log or a wood box would serve well and provide a hedgehog with a comfort zone for feeling safe.

Make sure the hedgehog enclosure is staged appropriately away from windows, heaters, and air conditioners.  Try to monitor the hedgehog temperature setting it between 75 to 80 degrees and as with all pets, make sure to clean their area daily and supply fresh drinking water.  As part of their regularly upkeeps hedgehog should bathe once monthly.

Remember always to study personality and characters, as this may help with determining the best fit when making living arrangements.  While a hedgehog does not live nearly as long as a cat or dog, they are still a long-time commitment. It is essential to be prepared to provide proper care for them over time.

To address aggression from this species always abreast self with any additional study and safety concerns.  If, considering inquiring a hedgehog as a pet keep in mind the budget and startup cost, which includes, equipment and proof-readying the home for this new addition.

Make sure to prepares for the hedgehog adequately before they enter their new home.  Hedgehogs, unlike hamsters or gerbils, has a lifespan of 2 to 5 years.

If a pet is a purchase for young children, try to prepare the children for the pet’s death by educating them about the short-term life that some of these species may have.

Health Concerns: As mentioned, the hedgehog is a small compact and adorable animal, but they do have health concerns a pet owner should know about in general.  The health matter concerns cancer, and a condition of wobbly hedgehog syndrome, which relates to multiple sclerosis in humans, and respiratory illness, to name a few.  Hedgehogs have an adverse reaction to stress.

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly. Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns.  It would help to prevent the spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from contracting any spread of diseases.   As a precaution for concern for sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

Precaution – If living in the States of California, Georgia, Hawaii or New York City or Washington, D.C., it would be illegal to keep hedgehogs as a pet.  Because some domesticated hedgehogs are susceptible to carrying foot-and-mouth disease, this disease is known to be a contagious disease of cloven-hooved animals. For other states in North America such as Idaho and Oregon, the African Pygmy hedgehogs are legal to keep as pets, but the European hedgehogs are illegal to keep as pets. 

As noted, in Fairfax County, Virginia, all hedgehogs are illegal to keep as pets.  States like New Jersey and Wyoming do require a permit.  Hedgehogs residing as pets in Pennsylvania before 1992 and their offspring are legal. Otherwise, it is illegal to import hedgehogs. 

New York State and many other states apply different laws, codes, and regulations with keeping hedgehogs.  These restrictions on kept hedgehogs also make them illegal in many other countries around the world.  It is recommended checking with the local states, cities, counties, or in the home countries for their related laws and regulations.

It is essential to research the regions, states, and countries about the locations where hedgehogs are legal, or not legal.

Macaw – Facts: Macaws are vividly colored parrots found in Mexico, Central America, South America, and formerly the Caribbean. Research references that the bird family called parrots are members of the order of Psittaciformes. These include more than 350 bird species, including parakeets, macaws, and cockatoos, according to the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Although there are many types of parrots, all parrot species have a few traits in common.”

Macaws have been a favorite choice of birds kept as pets over the decades, in particular, the Green-wing Macaw has been kept and admired as a pet keeper since the 17th century, and perhaps even earlier. This species of bird in habitats the tropical rainforests and also Palm Swamp forest, where they are known to nest in tall tree cavities and hollows.

Before searching to get a pet bird, consider the responsibilities required to keeping and maintaining a pet bird. One needs to understand that they are taking on ownership and building a long-term relationship with a new pet. Consider the needs of a pet bird and the environment that is necessary for the pet bird. Question if one has the time required to spend with a pet every day? Remember that becoming a pet owner comes with the responsibility of committing quality time to care for them. Never take for granted that these animals could be left alone to defend themselves because they depend on their owner’s for their very existence.

We suggest to designate an executor to care for a pet should their owner not be available to do so.

Choosing the timing to have a pet bird is something to keep in mind. Pet birds may take up a considerable amount of time. However, if living within a residential apartment building, please get permission to have a pet bird from the building management. If living in a smaller setting, consider the space needed to house any potential pet bird.

Additional Tips to Apply:

Cleaning the cage and the area around the cage daily

Interact with the bird daily

Prepare their food at least twice a day

Sanitize bird dishes daily

Bath and groom the bird daily

Make sure bird veterinarian contact is at fingertips

Keep necessary pet supplies, including food and supplements

Maintain cage, and monitor toys housed inside a birdcage. Attend bird club meetings, bird shows, or attend bird conferences.

Other points to consider include having tolerance and understanding of the noise that these species of birds make such as, squawking, singing, whistling, talking, or screaming. Know that all birds are noisy some of the time. Therefore, we should try to pick the pet bird that fits around the pet’s owner’s personality. If the pet lives in a home with others, establish first with family or roommate if having a bird in the home is agreeable with all household members.

“Canaries and finches will require a shorter time commitment than parrots, because canaries and finches often remain in their cages or aviaries, whereas parrots require regular periods of out-of-cage time to interact with their owners.” Nevertheless, these smaller birds still require affection and commitment.

When thinking about a pet bird, research the age range of the pet bird selected. It is imperative to choose a matured bird or a younger bird weaned from the dependents of its parent. “Experts believe that hand-feeding and weaning baby parrots are processes best left to people experienced in these areas.

Before and after handling these animals, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly. It would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns or spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from absorbing any spread of diseases. As a precaution for concern for sickness or disease, always check with a vet concerning the animal, and with a primary doctor concerning humans.

One may want to seek advice from an expert who will advise one with the best tips about selecting the best species of bird of choice and how to care for the bird. As noted, buying a bird from a pet store is not the same as buying a cat or a dog from a pet store. If deciding to buy a bird from a pet store, try to visit the store often to observe the store’s upkeep of their animals and the maintenance of their facility.

Try to pay attention to how the store personnel greets customers when entering a pet store, as this could be an indicator of how service likely rendered when interacting with store staff. Also, when visiting the pet store weekly check on how the animals are treated in the establishment by staff. If considering purchasing a pet right away, make sure to visit the pet store and interact with the birds and observe any notable signs that would draw interest before purchasing a bird.

Possible considerations, when thinking about purchasing a bird. Make sure to do diligent research by asking for a reference from pet stores, local bird veterinarians or a birding consultant who could offer valuable knowledge about birds if buying a bird check around and visit a local aviary. Consider attending a bird show, which would be a very enlightening experience as a novice to help with learning more about the different bird species when are considering purchasing. Try to speak with a bird breeder who would offer tips on purchasing or offer tips when choosing a particular bird type.

A person may consider finding a bird rescue group, or a private bird owner, or bird breeder who dedicated to wanting to find a new home for their birds. Check with a local veterinarian or search the web for rescue organizations or private owners in a local area.

Before deciding on which bird species, it is essential to check the health of the bird. It is best to ask the prospective bird dealer if the bird could be checked out by a local veterinarian before purchasing the bird. Also, ask the bird dealer if they could guarantee the history of the bird in writing, including the medical record chart. Also, ask for a warranty which would help assure any default with the bird’s health.

Studies suggest that if there are other birds in the home, it is necessary to quarantine the new pet away from the existing flock for at least a month. It would help to protect existing pet birds from any disease. Continue to monitor all behaviors, including studying particular species of birds that are calmer species, more active species, louder species, and naturally quieter species. Monitoring the diet of a new pet bird is most beneficial by helping to maintain good health habits.

Given attention and paying attention is the best way by spending time bonding with a new pet. The bird’s new owner needs to provide not only proper nutrition but give the new pet the needed attention required that would help the owner to learn more about the new pet bird.

Always observe the health of a potential bird before purchasing, and be observant about the way the bird interacts. The potential bird owners should pay close attention to whether the bird is active and robust. Understand that some birds may be shy and hide in the corner; this may not be an indication of bad health. Research indicates that healthy birds spend time doing three main activities; feeding, playing, and sleeping in about equal amounts of time. Most importantly, a bird must regularly eliminate; therefore, make sure that their living space receives regular cleaning.

The correct housing of a particular pet bird depends on the choice of bird, and even more importantly, how much research has been conducted by the perspective keeper of this chosen species to make them worthy of being the bird’s owner (being an aviculturist). Therefore, for a new owner deciding on a budget stay within range on what is reasonable for a potential owner. Remember this new member in the home will be an additional expense of upkeep and feeding, not to mention, toys, cage, and any medical expense. If choosing a bird or birds that live a long life, they need their owner’s commitment to caring for it over those extended years. In all, birds deserve the right housing and a loving and committed owner.

The decision a committed pet owner needs to make before taking on the responsibility of a pet bird is to consider the bird’s potential life span. The fact is that a bird’s life could range from less than ten years to over 80 years, depending on the species. In case a pet bird outlives their owner, the responsible and caring owner would consider an assigned caretaker for the bird’s future. It is essential to maintain a pet profile by keeping a recorded history of the new pet medical history, nutrition, and activities.

During weather change check for a shift in the bird’s behavior, as this will help with making the proper temperature adjustment needed for the bird’s optimal health. An owner should ensure that a pet remains comfortable although outside weather changes and humidity level change as well. If not confident about the proper temperature settings for a pet bird’s environment, always check with a local veterinarian or local pet breeder, with the option to conduct personal research. Also, check with a local pet breeder or a local veterinarian on the proper cage design, cage material, cage perches, and accessories that a bird would need during stages of growth.

Nutrition for a pet bird is vital to ensure their health, vitality, and the bird’s potential longevity of their life. The importance of a bird’s health could not be overrated, so good housekeeping or cage keeping would help the bird from having any failing health that would result in stress, anxiety that leads to sickness. In-depth research through experienced bird breeders and keepers about the particular species of birds and proper nutrition before bringing a new pet bird inside a home should highly recommend. Remember to incorporate essential minerals, including, calcium, copper, Iodine, Cobalt, Magnesium, Manganese, Sulphur, and Zinc, by focusing on the dietary needs of whatever species of birds one would choose.

Learn about the functions and essential vitamins required for a bird’s health. Essential vitamins include Vitamin A, C, D3, E, and K. Also, include the Vitamin class of B, Ba, B2, and B12. It is suggested through research to always check with a Vet, Expert Bird Professionals, Bird Store Owners, Bird Consultant, and Expert Breeder, or reputable sources from the Internet or magazines to learn more about the proper nutrition for any specific species of bird kept in captivity.

Keep abreast of any weight loss, as it could contribute to perhaps poor diet, or it may contribute to growing tumors or concern with chronic fungal disease.

Paying attention to the maintenance of the bird’s bill and claws this could indicate a bird of poor health not cared for properly by its keeper. Beware of these signs before purchasing a pet bird. However, if their plumage shows poor condition after a long journey and if this is the case, this may alert a health concern.

Making a quick reference check-up by asking questions is a first step to be an educated buyer. 1. Check to see if the bird is alert before buying. 2. Check the brightness of the bird’s eyes. 3. Check the bird’s bill, feathers, and beak. 4. Check weight, and any noticeable unusual weight loss. 5. Take notice of the bird’s breathing. Make sure to research the bird species enough to be abreast and up-to-date enough to understand what signs a potential bird owner is looking for in that species and how to read them.

Grooming – to help maintain the beauty and health of a pet bird, the owners should take the initiative to groom the bird’s feathers, as the function of the feathers is said to be one of the many wonders in the world. Studies have indicated that the conditions of the bird’s feather could be an indicator of the bird’s overall health. The act of the preening, molting of feathers, trimming of wings feathers, benefits the bird in its daily activities. Also, nail trimming helps to improve freedom of movement in the foot, and it helps to promote bone health. Maintenance of the Beak enables the bird to feed them and to grip, grab, crack, crush and use to defend itself.

Pet bird bathing relates to the bird’s natural habit of bathing itself, as in the wild birds are seen splashing in puddles or playing on wet grass or leaves, as referenced on the National History Channel.

Creating an environment for a pet bird provides a place of comfort and security. If children are in the home, make sure to educate them on how to handle and care for and understand a pet bird. If other pets share the home, in particular cats and dogs, please keep in mind that these animals are hunters by nature, and a bird’s quick movements attract their attention. Always secure the environment of the birds away from these animals. Should a bird share, the same space with other bird species monitor the interactions of these birds? Mixing the bird species as pets must be thoroughly researched and checked before buying deciding to purchase any birds as pet.

The following are tips concerning household hazards and to check for safety in the home for a pet bird:

Mirrors

Toxic houseplants

Venetian Cords

Ceiling fans

Open Toilet seats

Stain leaded glass items or inlaid jewelry

Crayons and permanent markers

Untended stove burners

Open trash cans

Poisonous plants

Unscreened windows and doors

Exposed Electrical Cords

Ash Trays

Sliding glass doors

Open washing machines, dryers, refrigerators, freezers, oven, or dishwashers

Uncovered fish tanks

Pesticides

Lit Candles

Open trash cans

Fumes

Handling: Before and after handling these birds, it is essential to wash hands thoroughly. Washing hands would help to prevent transmitting any unwanted health concerns or spread of diseases to these animals and to help prevent their “the handler” from absorbing any spread of diseases. As a precaution to help prevent any sickness for these birds check with a vet. Also, to prevent any sickness for the handler check with a doctor.

Always plan in advance, before traveling with a pet bird. Check with a veterinarian to ensure that the proper certificates needed for travel from any locations outside borders, national or international, especially if taking flight. If traveling by car with a bird, place them inside of a birdcage house in a secure travel crate. For any additional public transportation including public buses or trains get written permission in advance as this confirms proof for transportation of an owner’s bird.

If traveling by aircraft or airline, not only should a pet owner receive a certificate, consider contacting the airline carrier to address the proper procedures required for a bird carrier. As noted, some airline carriers may allow under the seat carriers, and others may allow baggage compartments for travel. It wise to make sure months in advance about the airlines’ guidelines and regulations. Check with the airlines as some airline requirements have different guidelines addressing fees and size of the carrier.

The research reveals that it is best to learn before traveling overseas with pets, as foreign travel may come with more obstacles and could be overwhelming. It Suggested when traveling overseas always check with the foreign embassy of the country of destination. Most important, planning before traveling is the best tip to keep in mind, this would help to avoid unforeseen obstacles that may lead to unwanted hardship.

As applied to dogs, cats, and other pet animals, educating a pet bird through training is helpful with bonding between the owner and the pet bird, which would help with teaching the bird commands. Training a pet bird also helps with the bird’s interaction with family members, and it also helps with exercising the bird’s brain, as the bird physically gets the daily exercise requirements.

Tips on training a pet bird, should not inquire enforcing discipline. A pet owner should never enforce discipline by hitting a bird. If uncertain of how to train a bird, please hire an expert trainer specifically for birds or speak with a veterinarian, as an expert trainer or veterinarian would provide an owner with the proper tools and methods needed to train a bird. Always consider positive reinforcement when training and bonding with a pet bird.

Training a pet bird is not limited to teaching behavior; it also includes communicating by interacting with the bird, establishing particular tricks and praising the bird for good behaviors.

Management of a pet bird is a key to daily maintenance by inspecting, observation of any safety concerns, and the routine of feeding and providing daily support of water a pet bird. Keeping the cage clean is a must to help with any bacteria and vermin control.

Consider attending educational classes at aviary locations or any educational facility that would educate and give tips about managing a pet bird. An introduction or a refreshment class would assist with understanding the anatomy and physiology of chosen species of birds and will provide one with practical lessons. These tools would better enrich getting to know a pet bird. Also, educating self with learning about a pet bird will help guide with applying medication to the bird if needed. Speak with a veterinarian in advance for any additional health tips about caring and maintaining the overall health.

The benefits of educating self on how to handle any medical emergencies, and how to transport a sick or injured pet bird become essential to preserve the health and well-being of a beloved pet. Always observe for any signs of medical concerns.

Joining bird clubs and attending bird shows would likely provide an opportunity to meet with other bird owners and breeders. These types of shows introduce one to a host of owners and a variety of different species of birds. If opting to train a bird for shows, attend bird shows to learn tips about enrollment, sign up for newsletters and schedules of future shows taking place in a local area or travel outside of an area for special events.

The Benefit from asking questions: would much enlighten one by asking questions by professionals, and trusted breeders. Including asking for references from a reputable pet store owner about expert professional breeders, or consultants. A Consultant may offer a platform of both telephone contact for one-on-one conferencing, or location of the home depending on the bird’s concerns. As an owner, make sure to check for a trusted professional at all times.

The following are a few listed Macaws that could be a potentially right choice for choosing a companion or aviary bird Macaws listed on our site. Red-Fronted Macaw, Hyacinth Macaw, Blue-throated Macaw, Blue and Gold Macaw, Scarlet Macaw, Red-Bellied Macaw, Military Macaw, Lear Macaw, Illiger’s Macaw, Buffon’s Macaw, Severe Macaw, Cuban Macaw, Spix’s Macaw, Glaucous Macaw, Noble’s Macaw, and Yellow-Collared Macaw, we suggest additional research.

Remember that water is the primary source of survival for all living creators, so fresh-water daily is mandatory.

When deciding on these species of Macaws, remember to ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training. A trainer could provide with how to handle these birds through its many stages of maturity. Throughout the birds’ natural development, an owner will likely need to learn additional skills on how to care and handle them and understand the type of feed required and the ideal housing of them in their living environment. Providing proper space could be an added expense such as the cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to stretch its wings.

There are other manner able skills to teach that help with communication; these skills enable the owner to have some control of their bird around people. If a bird initially placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird’s diet should be rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, also insect, vermiculture and mealworms that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, a pet owner needs to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If the pet owner observes any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being nervous, insecure, angry and frighten, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a pet bird’s home, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Macaws are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For ongoing positive growth of the pet have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considered on a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

As a pet owner, make sure to bond with this beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Keynotes in keeping a pet bird; having a companion bird serves many purposes for pet owners. Sometimes our elders may choose to have a bird for a companion, this not only benefits the bird to be kept and cared for, but it helps for a great companion for the elderly. For children, these bird’s species are an excellent education means for learning and connecting to nature. Also, it teaches children responsibility with caring another.

Housing for Birds

The proper environment for a bird is the first step toward proofing the right space. A bird must have space to spread its wings; this means having adequate room in their cage or the aviary. It starts from small cages to a pen or runs, an aviary or extra-large aviary housing for a bird depending their size. All bird housing must allow freedom to move or fly. However, make sure that the doors and windows are secured when the birds are freely flying in the home. Most importantly, cats and dogs should not be allowed in this area at the time the bird is free from its cage.

Health Insurance – is a good idea for the well-being and security of a pet, if one wishes to obtain sufficient health insurance to help with the veterinary care for any animal.

Psittaciformes is the family that Parrots belong to, which includes more than 350 bird species; we list a few common species.

Hyacinth Macaw – (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) – Body Length: 3.25 ft – Plumage Sexes alike, Status-Vulnerable

The Hyacinth Macaw would have to be the undoubted King of all Macaws. As well as being stunningly beautiful, his spectacular size and gorgeous color make him probably the most desirable of all Macaws. Being in the presence of this bird is a beautiful experience to behold. They are prized very highly by anybody who would like the King added to their exotic bird collection, with its vibrant cobalt-blue plumage and yellow lining around his eyes, chin, and tail.

These birds are native to South Brazil. The beak is supported to help them crush hard food consisting mainly of nuts.

Hyacinth is the largest living parrot species in the world. This parrot has a cobalt-blue plumage, and bare yellow chin with yellow eye-rings and the base of the lower beak forming a yellow crescent. The large, powerful beak defines this Macaw’s reputation as a “King of its species” with a long narrow tail.

Bird Status in the wild: Hyacinth known, to be vulnerable and is a non-migrant bird. However, captive birds are expensive, and its value as a caged bird caused a decline in its numbers.

These birds are Native to East South America. The Hyacinth Macaw feeds mainly in the trees and is known to pick up fallen fruits and nuts from the ground.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up a Hyacinth Macaw’s home, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Hyacinth Macaws are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For ongoing positive growth of the pet have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considered on a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

As a pet owner, make sure to bond with this beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, experienced bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Spix’s Macaw-(Cyanopsitta spixii) – Body length is approximately 22 – 24 inches in length.

Spix’s known as the smallest of the blue macaws. Research indicates that this species vanished from the wild around the year 2000 when the last free-standing bird was existing. We are happy to learn that these birds also found in research stations and zoos, raised since the 1980s. However, captive breeding together with habitat restoration and controls on illegal collecting may one day be sufficient to re-establish the species in the wild.

Today Spix are the rarest known macaws in the world with no known wild specimens remaining. Since 2004 the (IUCN) listed this species as Critically Endangered.

These birds are Native to E. South America. This Macaw feeds on seeds, fruit, and nuts.

If interested in having this particular species as a chosen pet, please check with an expert breeder or check with the IUCN foundation for any additional information.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a pet Spix Macaw. Make sure to ask permission of a landlord if the bird allowed staying inside of an apartment. The bird should be socialized with other family members through interaction, try to position their cage where they are always visible and have a view to maintaining the contentment of the pet bird.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

If children are present in the home, double-check the environment, for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to other pets when sharing the same environment with the bird in the home.

For additional research about any species of Macaws refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Scarlet Macaw ( (Ara Macao) Red and Yellow) — Body length is approximately 30-36 inches in length. (31.5 – 38.4 inches)

The Scarlet Macaw would have to be the most iconic and recognized member of the parrot family as far as macaws go. The impressive size and striking colors alongside his confident nature make them familiar to anyone with love for birds. The Scarlet is Native to Tropical South America, which includes Guatemala, Belize, Colombia, Peru, Brazil, and Ecuador.

The Scarlet reside in the lowland areas of their habitat in the rainforest. In the wild Scarlet Macaws mainly eat fruits and seeds. Like other parrots, they are seed eaters. When feeding, they do not disperse any seeds that they eat, because they destroy the seeds that they eat them. Scarlet Macaws are sometimes seen eating clay from river banks.

This Scarlet species is spectacular in every way. It has a pronounced commanding size with red-head and shoulders. It also has white facial skin, and red plumage, along with yellow and blue wing coverts gives the Scarlet Macaw a unique beauty to admire.

These birds are common as pets in North America, and they are known to be sociable with their owners and family members.

Status: These birds are native to South Brazil. Their beak helps them crush hard food, with their diet consisting of nuts and seeds.

Well-adjusted birds are generally very affectionate and devoted to their owners.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a pet Scarlet Macaw. Make sure to ask permission of a landlord if the bird allowed to stay inside of an apartment. The bird should be socialized with other family members through interaction, try to position their cage where they are always visible and have a view to maintaining the contentment of the pet bird.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

If children are present in the home, double-check the environment, for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to other pets when sharing the same environment with the bird in the home.

For additional research about any species of Macaws refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Blue and Gold Macaw (Ara ararauna) – Body length is approximately 30-36 inches in length. The Blue and Gold Macaw is another spectacular species kept as a pet and is one of another favorite macaw. The Blue and Gold Macaw has a vibrant plumage, subtle golden yellow around its torso, with a crown blue on its head and their long tail has a hint of golden yellow and blue. The beak is supported to help them crush hard food consisting mainly of nuts.

These birds are common as pets in North America, and they are known to be sociable with their owners and family members.

Status: The Blue and Golds are the most common and most available macaw –

Distribution: These birds are native to South Brazil.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a pet Blue and Gold Macaw. Make sure to ask permission of a landlord if the bird allowed to stay inside of an apartment. The bird should be socialized with other family members through interaction, try to position their cage where they are always visible and have a view to maintaining the contentment of the pet bird.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

If children are present in the home, double-check the environment, for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to other pets when sharing the same environment with the bird in the home.

For additional research about any species of Macaws refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If deciding on the Blue and Gold Macaw, remember to ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, an owner will likely need to learn additional skills on how to care and handle this bird. Most important, learn of the proper diet required and the ideal housing for their living environment. Finally have the added expense providing cage, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to thrive and stretch its wings.

An owner needs to teach the Macaw manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. Macaws placed in a smaller cage should have the introduction to toys, as this will be helpful to keep to them occupied.

A pet Macaw’s diet should be a rich mixture of nutritional foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Continue to research the best diet for the pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search for any additional information.

Red-and-Green Macaw (Ara chloropterus) – Body length is approximately 35 inches (90cm) length – Weight 2 ¼ lbs. (1 kg).

The Red-and-Green Macaw is a bit different from the Blue and Gold or the Scarlet. This species has a stature that attracts attention; its coloration stands out by showing all its natural beauty — known for its white facial skin, redhead and shoulders, and dark red plumage. Its distinctive long tail has a hint of blue, and the wing has dark green upper-wing coverts.

In the wild, these species are known to call loudly to each other.

These birds are from North and Central, South America. They are non-migrant, and their status is the least common.

Although the Red-and-Green Macaws socialize with other common species, the Red-and-Green Macaw is known together in a family group or pairs in the wild. The beak is supported to help them crush hard food that consists of seeds, fruit, and nuts.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a pet Red-and-Green Macaw. Make sure to ask permission of a landlord if the bird allowed staying inside of an apartment. The bird should be socialized with other family members through interaction, try to position their cage where they are always visible and have a view to maintaining the contentment of the pet bird.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

If children are present in the home, double-check the environment, for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to other pets when sharing the same environment with the bird in the home.

For additional research about any species of Macaws refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If deciding on the Red-and-Green Macaw, remember to ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, an owner will likely need to learn any additional skills in how to care and handle them. Learn of the type of feed required and accommodation of Macaws in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

There are other pet parrots to consider teaching manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Military Macaw (Ara militaris) has a body length including tail feathers of approximately 33 inches. Although this gorgeous Macaw probably does not seem to be as strikingly colorful as the other large Macaw species, one would find a whole lot of positive qualities that would justify, having this stunning bird as a beloved pet.

The Military Macaw is also called a Green Macaw because of its predominately green feathers, with a shade of blue on its wing and tail.

The description of the Military Macaw is of a mainly green colored bird with darker blue primary feathers. They are high-lighted with very prominent red-colored feathers on their forecrown and a varied range of brownie red around the throat. The facial skin area is white, and when they get excited, it will flush red. The Military Macaw distinguishably marked with small black feather lines beneath the eyes and reddish above the eye. There is a patch of pale blue color on the rump area on some birds, and probably is a localized variation of the Military Macaw.

On the tail, there is a substantial size band of orange to red close to the top that gradually turns blue at the tip. The military has a dark grey to blackish beak, and they have the typical grey feet.

Militaries are a stockier shorter bird in comparison with other macaws. Nonetheless, the Militaries are beautiful parrots to admire. They are not found to be as talkative as the African Grey or a few other known species, but they do have talking abilities.

The Military Macaw is Native to South-Western, Mexico and small areas of South America. This species is absent from Central America. In captivity, the Military Macaw is bred and has proven to be a popular choice of pet before 1990. Since 1990, studies indicated that these birds have become less popular compared to other Macaw species, but captive birds found in North America and South Africa showing popularity is growing.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Military Macaw. Make sure to ask permission of a landlord if the bird allowed to stay inside of an apartment. The bird should be socialized with other family members through interaction, try to position their cage where they are always visible and have a view to maintaining the contentment of the pet bird.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

If children are present in the home, double-check the environment, for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to other pets when sharing the same environment with the bird in the home.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with a beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet Military Macaw. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup for a proper environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Macaws, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site reference guide and bibliography for information selection

Status: Vulnerable; its population trend is decreasing (IUCN).

When deciding on this species of bird, remember to ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one guidance with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. A potential pet owner will likely need to have to learn additional skills throughout the bird’s natural development, on how to care and handle them. It includes the type of feed required and accommodation for them in their living environment. Providing the proper space, cage, and cage setting this bird deserves to stretch its wings would be added expense.

As with other pet parrots teaching these Military Macaws, manner able skills would help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If housing the bird in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful to keep them occupied.

A pet macaw should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, the kind that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. It is most important, continue to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Pesquet Parrot (Psittrichadini) – Body Length of 18 inches – with the longevity of up to 40 years.

Pesquet’s Parrot is known to be the first parrot, a Native of New Guinea with the distinctive look of a vulture. However, this species of parrots are not known by many.

Status: The Pesquet Parrot is rare in captivity, although a few breeders may have them in their aviaries. The Pesquets Parrots wild population is of limited range, and they are endemic to New Guinea. The beauty of this parrot stands alone and showcases a distinct black and red coloration. They have a featherless face because the feathers usually matted with the fruit pulp they eat.

The adult male is known to have black upperparts in its plumage with contrasting broad red wings. The bare grey-black facial skin is featherless with them having a black head and black shoulders. Around the eyes are dark reddish-brown, with the legs and feet grey and displaying a black bill. They also have a short squared tail, black in coloration.

The Pesquets Parrots voice is similar to that of a cockatoo but softer and more high-pitched. One would find their habitat in the hills and forest, in the lower and higher mountains of New Guinea. They are found traveling as singularly, in pairs or as a group.

Known to be noisy and sometimes found flying in small flocks.

Pesquets Parrots – Feed mainly on fruits of particular figs, and mangoes and other softer fruits.

Different from other related species, Pesquet’s Parrots like to sit for long periods above the treetop in their surrounding area.

Cockatiels – (Nymphicus hollandicus) is Native to Australian and are the smallest of all the crested family of cockatoos, but are the most likened to the parakeet in body structure. Most people consider them to be a great bird as pets and an affectionate, friendly parrot. As with other pet birds, the way that the bird is held and kept has a significant effect on their nature.

The cockatiel is usually a very social and egregious bird, but sometimes can be shy and may scurry back into their enclosure if someone that is not familiar appears. One should be patient with this bird with regular handling; the cockatiel could become quite tame in a shorter period than some other breeds of parrots.

In general, try to keep a pet cockatiel in their cage, although they can be allowed to socialize and exercise outside of the cage with their owners for an hour or two each day.

Usually, it is best to prepare an environment in the house so that a pet cockatiel can be allowed to run free around the apartment or home. Some owners may want to clip the wing or maybe use a flight harness in case the room has any obstacles that could be dangerous for a cockatiel.

Only coming second to the budgie, the cockatiel comes in second as one of the most popular pet parrot species.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Cockatiel. Make sure to ask permission of a landlord if the bird allowed to stay inside of an apartment. The bird should be socialized with other family members through interaction, try to position Cockatiel cage where they are always visible and have a view to maintaining the contentment of the pet bird.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that having air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. Consider a humidifier and try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

If children are present in the home, double-check the environment, for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to other pets when sharing the same environment with the bird in the home.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with a beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

When deciding on this species of bird, remember to ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a pet owner will likely need to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them, including the type of diet required and accommodation for them in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

There are other pet parrots to consider teaching these species manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird diet rich should be a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Budgerigar “Budgies” – Although most people think of budgie as a bird for beginners, they are a unique little bird that is outgoing and social. They deserve as much care, understanding, love, and attention as any other parrots. Budgies like their food and love to play as they could go toe-to-toe with any birds as far as their ability to learn to talk and mimic.

Australia is the native budgie home for the budgies. These days it still can be found in the Australian Outback Grasslands in large flocks. Budgies in the wild are very much like the birds seen in captivity and pet shops, although they are a smaller bodied bird living in the wild, and they are only found in their wild green color.

Housing for Budgies, they require space to stretch their wings, as with most parrotlike birds could be destructive at times; therefore, sufficient space or an aviary would be desirable.

Usually pet owners can expect budgies to have a life span between 7 to 15 years, but actually, it is even less than seven years, because some people do not have the proper knowledge of caring for their birds which often leads to accidents and mistreatments.

The majority of budgies like to feed on the ground, and the food they primarily eat is plant material and seeds. These small birds are seeds eaters, and the best diet is a budgies seed mix.

When deciding on these species of bird, remember to ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, pet owners will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them. It includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, pet owners want to teach them manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people if pets placed in a smaller cage an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

They are the right pet for those who are beginners at caring for pet’s birds. Although they do not talk as good as the African Grey, they are known for their mobile crest, and they like to interact with one another socially. Also, they are capable of some mimic of speech.

There is a striking beauty in the different species of cockatoos, each in their way. Studies have indicated that Cockatoos can become very devoted to their owners. As a potential owner of a Cockatoo, over time, one will learn that a Cocky can be very friendly, especially with proper interaction with its owner. They love their daily activities of climbing and playing with its favorite selective toys.

Like other birds of this species be mindful of maintaining their upkeep and make sure that their living space is kept clean within their cage or aviary. Be sure to help the Cockatoo adjust to its new environment by providing a place of comfort and security. Children in the home must be educated on how to handle and care for the bird, allowing them to interact with the bird.

If other pets share the home, especially cats and dogs, please keep in mind that they are naturally hunters by nature, and a bird’s quick movements are an attraction that spurs their hunting instinct. Always secure the environment of a pet bird away from these animals. Should the Cockatoo share the same space with other bird species, monitor the interactions between all the birds. Mixing the bird species in a mixed aviary should be thoroughly researched before deciding no particular bird species to be housed together.

Before finalizing any decision on buying a Cockatoo speak to a vet, a bird expert, or bird breeder. A pet store owner or manager who is knowledgeable may be willing to help a beginner if asked. They may provide extra tips about housing a Cockatoo species and advise about equipment to help set up a new environment for the bird. Also, search the internet which could be helpful with providing tips from various sources.

Teaching Cockatoos specific commands involves a commitment to interact with them by educating the bird about appropriate behaviors and reinforcing particular commands, using hand signals. It is a must to be patient with the Cockatoos when teaching them how to mimic speech. Most Importantly, consider taking baby steps in learning about a Cocky. It would help with understanding their behavior and how to address any health needs. Expert assistance is always advised for beginners when caring for this precious species

For general maintenance of the Cockatoo, please refer to the Site’s search on “Pets Birds and Their Many Species” that would give a general outline of the bird’s upkeep.

Palm Cockatoo – A species of natural beauty, the Palm Cockatoo is the largest of 18 different species of cockatoos. Known for its entirely black plumage, and crimson cheek patches, with a hint of red facial skin. It has distinguished elongated spiked crest feathers.

Body length is approximately 23.5 inches in length – Weight 2.25 lbs.

This species is spectacular in every way with it distinguished elongated crest feathers. The Palm has a pronounced commanding size, being the largest of the cockatoo species, and its color is a unique beauty to admire. In Australia, these birds are kept as pets, and they are known to be sociable with their owners and family members.

Status: These birds are native to Australia and New Guinea.

Food Source: They crush open the hard shells of nuts and seeds.

This species has a stature that attracts attention, and their voice is a whistle-like call. This species also has a distinctive short tail that is black and its wing with dark black upper-wing coverts.

In the wild, the species of cockatoos are known to call loudly to each other.

If the Palm Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, one will likely need to have to learn additional skills on how to care for and handle them. It also includes the type of diet required and accommodation suited to them for their living environment. There would be added expense, of course, to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have in order to thrive.

As with other pet parrots, a person will need to teach manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, berries, buds, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and incessant screeching.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Palm Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Palm Cockatoos are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that the Palm Cockatoos require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

As a pet owner, make sure to interact and bond with this beloved pet Palm Cockatoo, spending quality time with them, this will aide with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, perform proof checks of the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

There is a volume of other Parrots, Cockatoos, Cockatiels, Parakeets and Macaws one may consider when deciding on a pet bird suitable for an owner. These include, Eclectus Parrot, Rosella, Red-Rumped Parrot, Alexandrine Parakeet, Plum-Headed Parakeet, Grey Parrot, Senegal Parrot, Meyer’s Parrot, Turquoise Parrot, Canary-Winged Parakeet, Rose-Ringed Parakeet, Sun Parakeet, Red-Fronted Macaw, Lories and Lorikeets, Salmon-Crested Cockatoo, White Crested or Umbrella Cockatoo, Yellow-tail Black Cockatoo and many more etc. All not listed in our Site.

Galah – these birds are common as pets in Australia and Tasmania, and they are known to be sociable with their owners and family members. Galah has a stature with a length of 14 inches and weight 10 to14 oz. The Galah has a small crest, featuring gray and pink, with gray wings and a stocky body.

To keep as a pet, the Galah is much the same as other parrot’s relatives and needs the support and commitment of their owners. Place them in the proper housing suited for their size. Similar to other birds of its species the maintenance could be relatively costly. However, without hesitation, this bird would be the right choice as a pet companion. Remember that Galahs are noisy and gregarious birds. Some Galahs pet owners may argue that the Galah is among the least noisy screeching birds of the Cockatoo family.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Galah cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Galahs are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

As a pet owner, make sure to bond with this beloved pet Galah by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, experienced bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If the Palm Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills on how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird should have the introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

White Crested Cockatoo – (also similar to Salmon-Crested Cockatoo or the Blue-Eyed Cockatoo) is a beautiful Cockatoo known for its distinctive white crest, with yellow underneath their wings. They are natives to the Nation of Indonesia and surrounding islands, having a length of 18 inches and weight of 19 oz, with a longevity of 50 to 65 years.

If the White Crested Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people – if pets are housed in a smaller aviary or cage an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird should have the introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is suggested to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a White Crested Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, White Crested Cockatoos are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

As a pet owner, make sure to bond with this beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Blue-Eye Cockatoo – (not to be mistaken for the Blue-Eye Corella) is a rarity in its class of species. The Blue-eyed Cockatoo is a beautiful parrot known for its distinctive white crest, with visible yellow under the crest and wing, and with a black beak and a light blue rim of featherless skin around its eye. They are Native to the Nation of Eastern Papua New Guinea, having a length of 16 inches, with a life-span or longevity of 40 to 60 years.

These birds as pets require lots of attention from their owners, so please know that commitment is highly required. Research reveals that these birds may scream when not given attention or when their owner’s presence is absent.

If the Blue-Eyed Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills on how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If Blue-Eyed Cockatoo placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird should have the introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

When observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Blue-Eyed Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Blue-Eyed Cockatoos are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Slender-billed Corella – is a rarity in its class of species. The Slender-Bill Corella is a beautiful White colored Cockatoo with mottled red feathers under its throat contrasting with its white feathers, with visible yellow under the wings and tail. They are native to the Nation of Australia, Deniliquin, NSW, having a length of 14 inches, with a life-span or longevity of 40 to 60 years.

These birds as pets require lots of attention from their owners, so please know that a commitment is highly required. Research reveals that these pets usually scream when not given attention or when their owner’s presence is absent.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Slender-billed Corella cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Slender-billed Corellas are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

As a pet owner, make sure to bond with this beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If the Slender-billed Corella is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet Slender-billed Corella should have the introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is advised to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

When observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

The Slender-Billed Cockatoos that are known to be exceptionally unique with mimicking and talking ability.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Lead beater’s Cockatoo or Major Mitchell Cockatoo – This is a beautiful rich Salmon Pink Cockatoo with salmon pink and white feathers. It has forward curved crest with a yellow-red ban in the narrow part of the crest. The females have dark brown eyes and males with pinky-red eyes. Under the throat is contrasting with pink, with its back of colored white, with a pink chest. Under the Lead Beater’s Cockatoo, its wings are pink, and their tail mainly white with pink side under the edge. They are Native to the Nation of Australia, having a length of 13 inches, with a longevity of 40 to 60 years.

If the Lead beater’s Cockatoo or Major Mitchell Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills with how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If Lead beater’s Cockatoo or Major Mitchell Cockatoo placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys would be helpful with keeping them occupied.

Feeding – feeding a pet bird must be introduced to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is advised to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

When observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching, but known as more of a reserved Cockatoo.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Lead beater’s Cockatoo or Major Mitchell Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Lead beater’s Cockatoo or Major Mitchell Cockatoo are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that Lead beater’s Cockatoo or Major Mitchell Cockatoo they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

As a pet owner, make sure to bond with this beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and their many species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Salmon-Crested Cockatoo also, known as Moluccan Cockatoo, this is a beautiful rich Salmon Pink Cockatoo with salmon pink and white feathers. It has a crest like a fan curved to cover like an umbrella. In the wild, it is the only Cockatoo in its range. There is a creamy white ring around its eyes, with a black beak, and coloration of light salmon over the chest, face, underwings and under the tail. There is a deeper pink salmon color in its crest. They are native to the Islands of Indonesia including, Seram, Haruku, and Saparua, having a length of 18 inches, with the longevity of over 30 years.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Salmon-Crested Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Salmon-Crested Cockatoos are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that Salmon-Crested Cockatoos require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, try bonding with a beloved pet Salmon-Crested Cockatoo by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know one’s pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Cockatoo, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If the Salmon-Crested Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

Feeding – a pet bird should have the introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is suggested to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

When observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of “Pet Birds and Their Many Species” for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Sulfur-Crested Cockatoo – A specimen of natural beauty, this distinguished white Cockatoo is large and has yellow on the undersides of its wing and for its crown it has curved feathers on the comb of its crest. Known for its plumage of entire white in coloration, it also has very light yellow cheek patches, with a dark gray bill. Body length is approximately 20 inches in length.

Sulfur-Crested Cockatoo species is spectacular with its distinguished elongated crest feathers. It has a pronounced commanding size, being the largest of the Australian White Cockatoo species, and is a unique beauty for one to admire.

Status: These birds are common as pets in Australia, New Guinea, and Tasmania, and they are known to be sociable with their owners and family members.

They crush open sunflower seeds, wheat, and barley and live on a Cockatoo seed mix in captivity. They are known to have a loud screech call.

In the wild, the species of Sulfur-Crested Cockatoo are known to call loudly to each other.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Sulfur-Crested Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Sulfur-Crested Cockatoos are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that Sulfur-Crested Cockatoos require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and their many species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information. If the Sulfur-Crested Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

Feeding – a pet bird has the introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is recommended to research the best diet for the pet bird type and species.

When observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

African Grey Parrot – A natural beauty, this distinguished gray parrot is a unique and extremely popular cage bird, because of its intelligence and ability to mimic human speech so well. The Grey’s are highly intelligent and have an advanced ability to learn a larger volume of words compared to other parrot species. They can also identify colors, shapes, and objects. Ultimately, these birds are particularly intelligent with cognitive-communication abilities.

A fascinating book on the African Grey Parrot named Alex, who has since past is a good read for those who would like to learn more about the Grey’s behaviors, and their intelligence. A 30-year study has been conducted by Dr. Irene Pepperberg of Harvard and Brandies Universities, researching the subject, Alex. Although, Alex has since passed the study continues with two other African grey subjects named, Griffin and Arthur, as referenced in the African Grey Parrots book, “A Complete Pet Owner’s Manual“, by Maggie Wright.

The African Grey is known for its plumage of entire Grey in coloration and contrasting with the bright red or deep maroon of the tail, and it has very light white cheek patches, with a hint of yellow around the eyes. Body length is approximately 13 inches in length – Weigh about 14 oz.

African Grey feeding habits include a variety of flowers, fruits, leaves, roots, seeds, and soil. After many years of conducting the study of the greys in their natural habitat of the Congo Basin rainforest, researchers observed that the greys like to feed on the ground on plants.

Status: These birds are native to West and Central Africa, and there are two types of African Grey Parrot; Congo African Grey and Timneh African Grey, with the classification based on plumage, genetic, vocal, and morphological differences. However, the visual difference between the two is noticeable in their beak. The Congo African Grey has a dark-black beak, and the Timneh African Grey has a lighter-tan beak. As quoted by the book, African Grey, A Complete Pet’s Guide, “Visually, the male Congo tends to be darker gray, with a flat square head and larger beak relative to head size. The female tends to be lighter in color, with a more rounded, dainty head and smaller beak”.

Somewhat different from other bird species, the Grey is a single species flock bird, as this is how they usually associate with others of their kind. Studies have indicated that this pattern of behavior to associate with their kind genetically programmed as a means of survival. Further studies referenced that greys are not genetically programmed to deal with species of different personalities. We must keep in mind that some parrots may not get along with other parrot species.

When considering purchasing this particular species, provide quality time to get to know the parrot by studying and understanding its type, and to see if this type of bird is a suitable pet choice. A person may want to question the pet breeder or pet store owner about its behavior, and eating habits; also, ask about any allergies, or any health concerns for the bird or the potential owner. Ask about the right environment to set up for this bird, and its connections to humans.

When preparing to purchase an adult bird or a young baby bird, keep in mind the bird’s age when considering a pet bird. If thinking about buying an older bird, ask about its temperament, and always inquire about its history profile, including medical check-ups.

Refer to Pet Birds and Their Many Species located in the Site’s search engine that addresses traveling with pets. Continue to read this section sharing a host of general topics on caring for a pet bird.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of an African Grey cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, African Greys’ are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that African Grey requires good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and their many species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information. If the African Grey is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care and handle them. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a person wants to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

Feeding – a pet bird should have an introduction to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is suggested to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

When observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Toucan – they are a different species of bird from known ordinary parrots, and cockatoos kept companions. A Toucan is known as a jungle bird species, as one likely would observe them in their natural environment, living in tree cavities lined with woodchips and peat where they roost or nest.

Toucan, belong to the family of Ramphastidae, in which, there are 35 different species of its type. The term toucan is known as the native Brazilian term for Tucano. A largest giant toucan is around 24 inches long, with many of their species found in zoos or private aviaries.

Their natural colorations are both Red-billed Toucan, Spot-Billed Toucanet and Black-Mandibled Toucan. The coloration of their feathers is bright with an elongated colorful beak. Their tails also elongated in comparison to their size.

Unlike other species of birds related to Toucans, they do not spend much time on the wing flying. Most of their time is spent inside the trees, moving from branch to branch. Within their category of bird species, the Toucans is a very distinguished bird.

Toucans diet requires finely chopped fruits, soft foods, and insects.

Habitat: These Toucans are tropical birds and Native to Central and South America.

Depending on the location and the environment planned for the set-up of a Toucan, make sure to ask permission of the landlord if the bird stays inside an apartment. As noted, Toucans are social birds, and they love attention from their owner. It is essential to try to position their cages where they are always visible for their owner’s view and their contentment. In support of housing for Toucans, they require a more extensive set-up in comparison to a parrot. Toucans are very extremely high energized birds.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that a pet owner should have in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to establish a bond with the Toucan by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know the bird. Providing the proper toys, and any other essentials will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily, that also helps with mental stimulation. Toucans are known to be smart but may become bored quickly.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant about the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a proper and supportive environment for a new pet, before purchasing. Toucan requires a supply of frozen or canned fruits, mango, fresh berries, papaya. Also, they would need the support of low iron pellets as a supplement to their diet.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Toucan, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If deciding on this species of bird, ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle a Toucan through its many stages of maturity. Through the Toucans natural development, a pet owner will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care for and handle them. It includes the type of diet required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be the added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet birds or parrots, a pet owner wants to teach their pet manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Toco Toucan – is the largest of the Toucans, with a bright orange elongated bill, about 7.5 inches long, that helps them to reach their food. It has a white rump and red under-tail covert. Their length is approximately 22 inches to 26 inches, weighing around 20 oz, with a longevity or life span of 20 – 26 years max. North East to Central South America is their native habitat. They usually nest in existing tree holes and hollows mostly in dead woods and trees.

Feeding: Toco Toucans diet consists of fruits and prey. They also eat food fallen to the ground, also eating insects, small birds, lizards, and eggs.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a pet Toucan, make sure to ask permission of the landlord if the bird to keep inside of an apartment. As noted, Toco Toucans are less social birds than other Toucans. During mating season pair often tap their bills together or allopreening, or for the enormous toucan, they may have courtship display. In the wild Toucans are inactive mostly resting in treetops. It is essential to have them interact with other family members, so try to position their cages where they are always visible for their owner’s view and their contentment.

Remember that a Toco Toucan requires good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest that a pet owner should have in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure that to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know the bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a proper and supportive environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Toucan, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

If deciding on this species of bird, ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle a Toco Toucan through its many stages of maturity. Through the Toco Toucans natural development, a pet owner will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care for and handle them. It includes the type of feed required and accommodation of them in their living environment. There would be added the expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings. Toco Toucans are common and distinguish birds in zoos. Toco Toucans are to known to make barking sounds, donkey-like hee-haw sounds, and growling or croaking sounds.

As with other pet birds, a pet owner wants to teach their pet manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird when required. These birds require a larger aviary for flight.

It is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

As with other pet parrots, a pet owner wants to teach them manner able skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

The pheasant is a rarely seen and shy bird in the wild. Pheasants like chickens could be a pet in a backyard. They can provide enjoyment, which would be very entertaining for those watching them forage and roam around. However, a keeper of this bird must keep a pheasant in a more confined aviary enclosure for security from pests and predators. Try to provide proper lighting inside the aviary.

It is crucial to have pheasants with other birds of its species. Position them in an enclosed environment where they are always visible for the owner to view their environment for their well being. As noted, keep more than one pheasant, as pheasants are social birds and they love to be around their kind. Therefore, pheasant pairs or trios (one male and two females) is a good start.

Remember that pheasants are an outdoor species that need protection from any potential vermin or predators. It would be helpful to support their environment with proper fencing and a secure shed. If these birds kept inside of a large aviary, then this would give them security from predators. Providing proper setup for lighting also helps with protecting pheasants in their enclosed housing.

Diet – for young pheasants, their diet should consist of 30 percent protein. At about eight weeks, this could be cut down to about 18 percent protein diet. The right balance of nutrients will be achieved using commercial feed. Distinct seasons require various adjustment to their diet. In winter, commercial pellets for a 50/50 diet and corn is needed. Pheasants benefits from a diet of peanuts, a variety of fruits and also would need grit. Grit is utilized in their digestive system to help them grind up food. Choose a protected area to place the food dish for the pheasant.

Drinking water must be changed daily. The water given to a pheasant must be at room temperature or “luke-warm,” additional nutrients are gained, adding vitamins and electrolytes designed for pheasants. It is a must NOT to supply a pheasant with cold water. A pheasant could die of a chill after drinking cold water.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know the bird.

We are presenting a few of these species as an introduction to Pheasants as pets.

If children are involved and interacting with pet pheasants, proof checks the environment for any safety concerns for the children and the birds. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same space.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a proper and supportive environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of quails and pheasants, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Peacock – The peacock (pheasant) are birds of the genus known as the family of Polyplectron, with a family of eight species. Studies indicate that they are known to have a coloration that helps them to avoid detection in the wild. When intimidated peacocks will change and expand their feathers as a way to look threatening towards predators.

The male of a blue Indian peafowl is familiar around the world. These pheasants are known to keep their spectacular, natural, and unique coloration. A fact to remember, peafowls have a long train that spreads out when it is time for courting females, it is then that females choose males based on appearance. They were introduced to many countries to add to the decoration of park gardens and also placed in zoos.

The Peacocks are native to the Indian subcontinent and are India’s National Bird. If considering having a peacock as a pet, then this species type would be ideal. The blue peacock is quite comfortable in colder countries or climates. The blue peacock is more placid and shows less aggression, usually compared to its green cousin.

Peacock likes to nest and roost in quite tall trees; here, they feel much safer from predators and provokers.

Make sure to have adequate space for their keeping. As noted, a peacock is a social bird. It is essential to have peacocks interact birds of their kind, so try to position their large enclosure or open well-fenced area where they are always visible for the owner’s view.

Remember that they are strictly an outside bird, and they should always have protection from any potential predators.

Most importantly, make sure that to bond with the beloved pet bird by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know the pet.

If children are involved and interacting with pet peacock, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns for the children and the birds. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same environment.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, bird consultant, and research the proper diet, or any health concerns, and how to set up of a proper and supportive environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of a peacock, we suggest that one continue research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Common (Ring-neck) Pheasant

Common (Ring-neck) Pheasant – the common or ring-neck pheasant can be found wild across England. They are a pheasant that is very popular as a pet or a large aviary bird. The cock bird has a black and blue neck with brownie-gold feathers. When these birds are frightened, they move very fast, as they prefer to run instead of fly. The Common pheasant eats insect and grains much like the other pheasants, and fowl, they will also attack and eat snakes, mice, and small birds if given a chance.

Diet – for young pheasants, their diet should consist of 30 percent protein. At about eight weeks, this could be cut down to about 18 percent protein in the diet — commercial feed would provide the right amount of balance nutrient. Their diet requirements various through the different seasons. In winter, commercial pellets for a 50/50 diet and corn are needed. Pheasants require a diet of peanuts, a variety of fruits and also would need grit.

Grit is utilized in their digestive system to help them grind up food. The pheasant food dish should be in a protected area. Drinking water must be changed daily and given to the pheasant at luke-warm room temperature. A pheasant must NOT be given cold water for their drinking supply, because a pheasant could die of a chill after drinking cold water. Many additional nutrients are enhanced by adding vitamins and electrolytes specifically for pheasants.

Golden Pheasant as Pets

Golden Pheasant – has a very distinct plumage, the males have goldcrest, a black and yellow neck and their chest is scarlet. The forest in China is where they are originally native. These birds are found as pets and in aviary all over the world. Golden pheasants are very easy to feed and hardy. They are considered one of the breeds of pheasants that is the easiest to keep. Keeping them in a trio is best (meaning two hens and one cock bird). The hen would lay from 4 to 10 eggs at a time as they are known to be a very fertile breed.

Diet – for young pheasants, their diet should consist of 30 percent protein. At about eight weeks, this could be cut down to about 18 percent protein in the diet — commercial feed would provide the right amount of balance nutrient. Their diet requirements various through the different seasons. In winter, commercial pellets for a 50/50 diet and corn are needed. Pheasants require a diet of peanuts, a variety of fruits and also would need grit.

Grit is utilized in their digestive system to help them grind up food. The pheasant food dish should be in a protected area. Drinking water must be changed daily and given to the pheasant at luke-warm room temperature. A pheasant must NOT be given cold water for their drinking supply, because a pheasant could die of a chill after drinking cold water. Many additional nutrients are enhanced by adding vitamins and electrolytes specifically for pheasants.

Silver Pheasant as Pets

Silver Pheasant – is an excellent choice for a beginner. They are beautiful to look at and are easy to manage. These birds are native to mountain forests of Mainland Southeast Asia and China. The male has a body that is pure white with a black chest; with a red waddle around his beak and eyes. The female has a coloration of brown with a black-tipped crest. These birds dig a hollow depression in the ground to build a nest.

Diet – for young pheasants, their diet should consist of 30 percent protein. At about eight weeks, this could be cut down to about 18 percent protein in the diet — commercial feed would provide the right amount of balance nutrient. Their diet requirements various through the different seasons. In winter, commercial pellets for a 50/50 diet and corn are needed. Pheasants require a diet of peanuts, a variety of fruits and also would need grit.

Grit is utilized in their digestive system to help them grind up food. The pheasant food dish should be in a protected area. Drinking water must be changed daily and given to the pheasant at luke-warm room temperature. A pheasant must NOT be given cold water for their drinking supply, because a pheasant could die of a chill after drinking cold water. Many additional nutrients are enhanced by adding vitamins and electrolytes specifically for pheasants.

Also, include in their diet includes mix grain, worms, and crickets.

Common Quails as Pets

Common Quails aka as European Quails – genus Coturnix; the Common quails is 7 inches in length and weighs 2.5 to 5 oz. Most quails are naturally small in stature, and it is more likely to hear them before seeing the Quail at all.

Brief history: These birds are a part of the “Phasianidae Family,” which includes partridges and pheasants.

Feeding – the common quail mostly roosts on the ground in groups, and especially at night. The Common Quails diet should consist of small fruits and insects.

Long-distance migration is another habit of Common quail. During breeding season birds of the opposite sex call out to remain elusive and not seen — quails of the larger size like to feed on much the same food like pheasant and turkey. Products like pheasant and turkey pellets are the right choice, and they also like fruits and insects.

Housing – Common Quails could be kept as a pet in an aviary along with other pet birds, including canaries, finches, and parrots that are calm/docile. Always monitor the cage and make sure to safe proof of their environment before joining these birds with other types of species.

Remember to ask an expert or experienced owner before deciding on this species of bird. Alternatively, one may consider YouTube research that would provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a pet owner will need to learn additional skills on how to care and handle these birds, by learning the type of feed and housing. Proper space, cage, or aviary setting would be an additional expense.

A pet quail should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, including greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, this would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. It is essential to research the best diet for a pet quail. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be provided every day.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Our research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and incessant screeching.

Chinese Blue Breasted Quail as Pets

Chinese Blue Breasted Quail (aka King Quail or Painted Quail) – these are a very enjoyable small quail to have, and people have found them fascinating for 100s of years. These birds were housed in small cages in China since ancient times, with some believing that they originated in China. The belief was that good fortune would come to the person that took them under their care. The King or Painted quails come in an exciting array of mutations and colors like a white, red-breasted, standard wild, cinnamon, blue-faced; also tuxedo pied, splash pied and a couple of others.

In the wild, these quails live in warm climates their entire lives. As pets, King or Painted quails should be kept most of the time indoors and can also be housed large aquariums. Besides, they could be kept in aviaries designed indoors. King or Painted quails make a quite small and easy to manage pet and are easily maintained and would reproduce quite readily. The weight of these small quails average about 1.5 ounces, and their life-span is between 4 to 6 years. The hen might have a shorter life span because of the depletion of calcium from egg-laying.

Quails usually kept in groups and always with only one male as a rule: King or Painted Quail males usually distinguished by their bib or white line on their throat. Because King quails are noticeably more sexually matured at around 8 to 12 weeks, this is the time the pet owner can expect the hen to start laying.

Housing – make sure small quail are in a secure environment, that would be similar to their natural habitat. These quails if kept as a pet in the U.S.A, do not require a license or permit. Please check a country code and laws if the location requires any type of license or permits to house these quails.

Feeding – these quail mostly roost on the ground in group settings, and generally at night. The basis of their diet should be a quality of canaries/finch seed mix; also, King quails enjoy greens, such as kale in a small amount. For their diet, they enjoy romaine lettuce and grass that is spouting such as the spout pot from vita-Kraft. Other favorites are mealworms, wax worms, crickets, and other insects that would promote a very healthy bird indeed. These foods that are mentioned are especially suitable for them during the breeding season.

Finally, these quails need a constant small amount of grit as this helps them with the seed that they eat whole. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be provided every day.

California Quail as Pets

California Quail – these quails are known for their black feathers that stick up on top of their head. Along the edge of Western North America from North-Western Mexico to Oregon is where they can be found. Their size is about 10″ in length, and they seem larger because their build is stocky.

Enclosure – California quail, is best suited to a spacious outdoor aviary. Although they are an average to a small size bird, they tend to be very active, at night they like to roost high up off the ground. Their aviary enclosure should include a dry shelter and should be insulated because these birds do not like cold.

Housing – accommodation with a dry shelter is essential, no matter where in the world they live. Inside the aviary floor, it should have very thick leaf planted with shrubs, clumps of tall grass. This vegetation would attract insect, and this would keep them occupied and foraging around most of the time.

Socialization – these birds get along with other birds very well, like finches, canaries, and small parrots.

Feeding/diet– there is a commercially available pheasant and quail feed, which is, a mix of canaries feed and dove food with dandelion, romaine lettuce and other native grasses, along with kale chopped up.

Finally, grit must always be available for these birds. They eat insect as they find them but supplement their diet in the form of wax worms, mealworms, canned insects, live crickets, these all should be offered as a regular part of their diet. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be provided every day.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

The different types of game birds included Malleefowl, Yellow-knobbed Curassow, Little Chachalaca, Common Quail, California Quail, Wild Turkey, Gray Partridge, Gunnison Grouse, Western Capercaillie, Red Jungle-fowl, Peacock, Common Pheasant, Helmeted Guineafowl, Great Argus, and Willow Ptarmigan to name a few.

Swans – are exquisite, eloquent specimens and a beautiful species of waterfowl, as nature has genuinely produced a charming bird in the swan. There are five continents in the world where swans will are known to exist excluding, Africa and Antarctica. Although they are a popular and familiar waterfowl, only seven species of these fowls exist in the world. These waterfowls are known as the Mute Swan, the Whooper Swan, the Trumpeter Swan, the Black Swan, Black-Necked Swan, Tundra Swan, and the Coscoroba Swan.

These birds are not commonly seen, but they would be found in zoological gardens, bird sanctuaries, and exquisite estates and sometimes used in wedding ceremonies. Swans are kept and loved by bird keepers and enthusiasts across the world.

Housing: It is best to keep swans in a pond, with no access to the public. Personal swans must not be able to step onto a neighbor’s property. In the middle of the pond, there must be an island constructed away from the shoreline, that they would use for loafing and nesting. This island will serve multiple purposes for nesting and loafing when having one pair of domestic swans.

Acquiring Swans – Swans should be acquired when they are young signets. Now they can be raised to know their property and surrounding. They will grow up tame and easy to manage. The owner would know their history from infancy, as they would know through familiarity and bonding with their owner through the course of their growing life.

Protecting the Swan Pond: It is advisable to have a chain-link fence around the outermost outside perimeter of the pond, as this would help secure them from predators, like foxes, raccoon, dogs, cats.

Temperament: Swans do bond with their chosen mate, although they would socialize with other birds. Pet swans can be friendly and affectionate with their owner but remember they may become angry when their eggs are touched or if their young signets are touched.

Feeding: Swans feed on plants growing on the land and in the water because they are classified as herbivorous. The garden and landscaping will be damaged by them while looking for food if these places are not secure out of their reach. Some plants in the garden may be toxic to them; therefore, be mindful of what plants are available to them and how toxic they are. These swans need to be confined to living on the property.

Supplementation – would be needed for their feeding — fresh greens like kale and spinach as well as the commercial feed designed for waterfowl. To prevent waste, learn to feed them just enough without any waste. Swans would consume a certain amount of food in the morning and a certain amount in the evening. The food is best placed in the water and only when the pond is not frozen over.

Monitoring of the water quality is essential

Health Care: Always have on hand a Vet that has experience in the care of swans. A disease that swans are prone to be Botulism; this could cause from bacteria that live in the oxygen-less bottom part of the pond. Make sure to have the means to transport an injured or sick swan comfortably before the time comes.

Size: The average swan is 60″ long with around the same wing-span.

For additional Information

Swans – the keeping of swans stays regulated by federal and state laws in most states of the United States. If interested in any of these species of waterfowl, contact the United States Department of Natural Resources. Some related departments or agencies could assist with inquiries. If residing within other countries, we suggest contacting similar local regions to address local laws, codes, and regulations.

Canary – the Canaries are mostly a smaller species of bird and are Native to the Canary Islands, for which, they are named after. Also, the Canaries is as attractive birds to have for a smaller space. They are known to be easy to care for and maintain. As noted, Canaries come in various colors, shapes, and sizes.

Diet: they require a special diet. The canaries could become very familiar with their owners, and they would make an excellent pet.

If deciding on this species of bird, ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle a canary through its many stages of maturity. Through the canary’s natural development, a pet owner will likely need to have to learn additional skills of how to care for and handle them. It includes the type of feed required and accommodation for them in their living environment. The maybe added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary this bird deserves to spread its wing.

A pet bird should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be supported every day.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching.

Depending on the location, and the environment plan set up for a pet bird, make sure to ask permission of the landlord if the bird allowed to stay around human action. It is essential to have them interact with other family members, so try to position their cages where they are always visible for their owner’s view and their happiness.

The canaries require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest putting in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with a beloved pet bird by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know the bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Canaries, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Finches as Pets

Finches – need adequate space since they spend all of their time in their enclosure. They are the ideal pets for those who are beginners in caring for birds. Although they do not talk, they are known for their aerial antics as they socially interact with one another. There are many different species with striking beauty as with, e.g., Gouldian Finches.

Finches – thrive on social interactions when housed with parrots, but they should not be housed with parrots, because a parrots bite and could injure them. Be prepared for off-springs if pairing opposite sexes together. Before pairing any of this species of bird consult with someone with experience or a bird expert as they could advise a person with best tips.

The following are a list of five beautiful finches that are kept in aviaries and are ideal for pets:

Star Finch – is native to Australia and is found in the Northern area of the Country. This bird is easy to care for and is hardy. The Star Finch is a peaceful bird to have in a mixed aviary with other species of finch. Because Stara Finches could be destructive in a large group, it is best to have a few pairs in a mixed aviary. Be sure to try and landscape the aviary like their natural environment. The bird would need natural sunlight and seeding grasses and make sure the floors are kept dry and clean.

Gloudian Finches – is a native bird to Australia. It is a colorful finch and lives in the Woodland and Savanna in Australia’s outback. Although Gloudian Finches are a bit more sensitive compared to some other finches, but it is still worth the extra effort to take care of them properly. Gouldian finches feed on seeding grasses, also leafy green and finch seed mix. These foods would ensure they have a long life.

Red-Faced Parrot Finch – can be found in the South Pacific Tropical Islands, and can adapt to the varying condition in the weather. The Red-Faced Parrott Finch likes to forage, and like to hang out in dense brushes and scrubs. They also are fond of palms. Red-faced parrot finches are known for trying to eat a wide variety of foods that are provided by their keeper. This species is a very active bird and is known to be very bright, but they are seldom seen standing still.

Double Barred Finch – is a tiny finch that is native to Eastern and Northern Australia. They are also called the Owl-finch. Double Barr Finches are very social and active finches by nature, and they are an excellent bird for a beginner. Double Barred thrive in colonies or groups. They like to socialize by having fun chasing each other around. This bird is hardy and mainly eat seeds and is one of the more placid finches. The sound that these birds make is like a high pitched little trumpet call.

Painted Firetail Finch – is native to Australia and found in dry and harsh outback. The aviary they are housed in must shelter them from wet weather, as this something they would not tolerate. The Painted Firetail Finch is a bird that would quickly become used to their owner as they are one of the very placid finches that have a large degree of personality. These birds are amusing to watch, and the sound of their song is unique. Besides, it is fascinating to watch them build their nest.

Finch diet consists of seeds, greens, and insects. It is an excellent idea to inquire more about specific Finches diet from a bird expert, experienced person, veterinarian, or personal research.

Consider putting in place a predator and rodent-proof enclosure, provide nutritious food, clean water, greens, and an excellent protective aviary that is planted and landscaped to accommodate the species that live in the aviary. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be provided every day.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the aviary birds. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the birds if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns. Ask about the set-up of a working environment for a new pet or inquire information research on YouTube before purchasing.

For additional research about the species on any different types of birds, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Health Insurance – is essential for the security and well-being of a pet to have sufficient health insurance to help with the veterinary care for any animal.

Pigeons and Doves – really make a good pet. They are mellow and good-natured, and they prefer to be with their type and are quite easy to look after. They are social animals and are known to be quiet and smart. Domesticated pigeons and doves cannot survive in the wild.

Back in the time of the Romans, and the biblical times, the keeping of pigeons was prevalent. In this era, pigeons were known for their flying abilities like rolling, tumbling, and flying at high altitude. The Crusades took an interest in these birds, and they became popular during this era and also popular for hundreds of years in the Far East. Later these birds were bred and introduced to Europe.

Back in World War II, secret messages were carried by Pigeons behind enemy lines to the American agents and lots of birds even received the British Dickin Medal for valiant services and bravery. Also, during WWII pigeons excel at being great messengers, and they also turned out to be great racers, and out of this, a sport of pigeon racing grew. Pigeons interest of fancy pigeon keeping caught the interest of Americans and Europeans who became serious in the sport of pigeon racing.

If deciding on having a pigeon as a choice for a home pet, decide on the breed that interests a person, as pigeons come in many varieties and colors, sizes and shapes. Make preparation ahead of time for adequate space and to prepare a budget. Always try to speak to a veterinarian, pigeon breeder or acquire further research, or research through the internet to learn about tips on how to care for pigeons and the process of keeping them.

Continue personal research through the National Pigeon Organization where a person would have a plethora of information to help guide them in purchasing pigeons and housing them as pets. Looking into pigeon shows is another option, as these shows would give tips on acquiring the nature of birds and allow potential bird owners to meet breeders.

Before deciding if a pigeon is a good pet for a person, take into account that these birds just like any other animal are a responsibility, and a person would have to be committed to caring for them and their needs. If a person is single and does not have the quality time that is needed to care for a pigeon, then caring for a pigeon should be reconsidered. Alternatively, if a potential pet owner has a family, discuss with them if a pigeon is a suitable pet for the family.

Research indicates, “that there are very few diseases in pigeons that can be acquired by humans, or vice versa, which may somehow be related to their high body temperature (as much as 108-F [42.2 C).

When introducing pigeons to other household pets, in general, pigeons could co-exist and socialize with other pets such as, guinea pigs, rabbits, that would pose no danger to each other or vice versa. Dogs, in general, pose not much threat, although hunting dogs can be unreliable around pigeons. Most Important, cats, and pigeons do not mix. Always be mindful of other predators if one has flying pigeons.

If, deciding on purchasing a pigeon for racing, then acquire further research would be necessary to move to the next step. Consider the loft-type “housing” and sizes and what breed of pigeon and the number of pigeons a person wants. Training Note for Pigeon, “sitting on wires, in trees, on poles, and rooftops can never be allowed.” Once one bird is allowed, its loft mates will start to do it, too, and that may attract hawks and other predators. It can also anger neighbors. As a reminder, a novice may not want to start with too many birds in comparison with someone with previous experience in keeping pigeons.

The orientation of a Pigeon – a pigeon, must be orientated whether keeping fancy pigeons or building a racing team. Orientation to their loft called “settling” must be trained into them so that they could fly home fast to get away from predators. Research has shown that they undoubtedly use visual landmarks, genetic cues, and signals. Research also reveals that healthy, conditioned pigeon can outfly most predators.

With regards to the pigeon’s ability to find its way back home, reference indicated that for millennia, natural selection and evolution had come together to give pigeons an uncanny ability to find their way home. They have empathetic hearing and an acute sense of smell that might play some role in this challenging process. “The birds can see the light in the ultraviolet spectrum, making the moon and stars visible to them in the day time, and using them in conjunction with the sun’s angle to navigate.”

If pigeons are kept in an Aviary, note that it must have access to fresh air, sunlight and water. Always keep in mind that keeping pigeons requires an adequate amount of space to build the necessary loft and housing.

Transported pigeons should be secured in a flat profile pigeon crate, as birds are known to try to fly up. It is essential to keep them secured at all times when transporting them. It is also recommended when carrying birds in a car, to maintain in a ventilated area; therefore, beware of drafts and never carry a bird inside of a trunk – NEVER. For any insect protection, consider spreading insect powder around the bottom of the carrier.

Ask a birding consultant about the “loft accessories” and how to structure a Loft including, nest boxes, and front doors and back doors, window and all needed accessories. As for the setup of aviary pens, feed and grit containers, drinkers or water fountains, we suggest speaking with an experienced pigeon breeder, veterinarian, or bird consult for proper setup.

Further research through the internet may be another resource. It is a fact that an average size dove/pigeon requires about 1.5 ounces of high-quality feed per day, best given in two parts: one third in the morning and two-thirds in the evening, depending on the setup whether being prepared for racing or a show. Nevertheless, proper drinking water, carbohydrates and fats protein, mineral salts, and vitamin supplements should be part of the bird’s dietary upkeep.

Planning for a pigeon with the proper environment would be best for a pigeon or dove; this prevents diseases and health concerns considerably and also maintains parasite control. Therefore, a person should take the initiative to inspect the bird’s environment daily. As referenced, dirty feed and grit containers and uncleaned water fountains spread most disease.

Maintenance always involves checking the feathers of the bird. Bathing and preening are essential, as all pigeons like to bath. Bird Baths are preferred when breeding as the bathwater helps maintain humidity inside the egg, it also helps prevent the shell from becoming too hard and moisturizes the lining and the embryo inside.

For general notes, pigeons and doves (Columbiformes) are genetically the same but are uniquely distinct species, not classed as fowl or poultry. There are many similarities among the birds in this family, as they are primarily seedeaters but occasionally will eat insects. They do not have gallbladders. We further recommend studying the differences and similarities of different species of pigeons in the wild compared to domesticated pigeons, before making a final decision on the most suitable pigeon.

Recommended contact agencies:

We recommend further studying about pigeons and their unique abilities. Our website has a reference list for additional reading. Including contacting the following organization for additional research: American Racing Pigeon Union, Inc., International Federation of American Homing Pigeon Fanciers, Inc., Discovery Channels Working Animals, and National Pigeon Association.

The American Racing Pigeon Union, Inc., the AU or ARPU as some of them has approximately 700 affiliated clubs around the country. They emphasize that one should find friends and mentors in the local clubs that can enrich the hobby or interest, no matter what level a person chooses to participate. The organization would provide with some necessary information on Homing Pigeons.

Feeding Pigeons and Doves could be less expensive, as these species main diet involves plant material. Referenced by the Smithsonian book called, Animals the Definitive Visual Guide: Pigeons and Doves will generally be divided into two groups, Fruit-eaters, and Seedeaters. Fruit-eaters, take in more easily digestible food a have shorter gut than seed-eaters. Freshwater should be provided at room temperature every day.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about either of the species of Pigeons and Doves, we suggest continuing research on this subject. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Doves make great pets. They are good-natured and mellow; they love to be with their kind, are quiet, and easy to care for. The dove social and smart bird and does not bite, pluck, or chew, and are low maintenance pets. The dove has mastered the art of leisure – napping, flirting, sunbathing, and nest sitting.

White Dove (Gava Dove or Sacred White Dove) – White Doves are beautiful birds and are excellent for the beginner and known to be a favorite bird. This species is a white version of the ring-neck dove, but they cost a bit more to buy. White doves are very gentle and also known to have a sweet nature. These birds are sometimes kept as a single bird as well as a couple or pair. Also, these birds can be handled by adults and children alike after they have become comfortable at home. The White Dove is only known to have existed as a domestic bird.

The White Dove measures about 12″ in length and is known to live a life-span from 10 – 25 years.

White doves like to bathe in a large size bowl of water, for they are an immaculate bird. They also like a light spray or misting of clean water, and of course, freshwater should be available each day.

Feeding – It is suggested White doves be fed a regular parakeet feed mix or pigeon and dove feed mix. Also, they enjoy greens that are an excellent nutrient that includes calcium, minerals, and vitamins. Another food choice is spray millet, cornmeal, and bread. Do not forget that grit is crucial as it helps them grind up their food as they swallow the food whole. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be supplied every day.

As social birds, they are good-natured, and when housed in cages or aviaries, they would do very well. These birds with minimal effort are easy to tame. They like to be in pairs are with mates and do best if they are together. However, when these birds are kept in a small cage, remember to give them some free time for exercise daily in a larger space. Because they are not strong flyers, they are known to flap around in the air and settle down as soon as they can.

Housing – these birds can be housed and would breed in a cage enclosure as small as 5ft by 5ft. Housing these birds in smaller cases is not recommended.

Ring-Neck Dove – Ring-Neck Doves are beautiful doves and are excellent for the beginner and are known to be a favorite bird. This species is a white version of the ring-neck dove, but they cost a bit more to buy. Ring-neck doves are very gentle and are also known to have a sweet nature. These birds are kept some times as a single bird as well as a couple or pair. Also, these birds can be handled by adults and children alike after they have become comfortable at home. The Ring-neck Dove is only known to have existed as a domestic bird.

Ring-neck Dove measures about 12″ in length, and is known to live a life-span from 10 – 25 years.

Ring-neck doves like to bathe in a large size bowl of water, for they are an immaculate bird. They also like a light spray or misting of clean water, and of course, fresh water should be available each day.

Feeding – Be advised that Ring-neck doves usually fed a regular parakeet feed mix or pigeon and dove feed mix. Also, they enjoy greens that are an excellent nutrient that includes calcium, minerals, and vitamins. Another food choice is spray millet, cornmeal, and bread. Do not forget that grit is essential as it helps them grind up their food as they swallow the food whole. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be supplied every day.

As social birds, they are good-natured, and when in cages or aviaries they would do very well. These birds are easy to tame with minimal effort. They like to be in pairs are with mates and do best if they are together. However, when keeping these birds in a small cage, remember to give them some free time for exercise daily in a larger space. Because they are not strong flyers, they will flap around in the air and settle down as soon as they can.

Housing – these birds can be housed and would breed in a cage enclosure as small as 5ft by 5ft. Housing these birds in smaller cases is not recommended.

The Diamond Dove – the Diamond Dove, is a magnificent eye-catching bird with a body of small stature. They are known to have a stunning red-ring around each eye. For many people, the pleasant “soft cooing” of a dove is better suited to them than a loud, gregarious cockatoo or parrot.

The coloration of this bird in its natural habitat would be mid-to-dark grey that has white specs over the wings. The two sexes of the diamond dove are known to be dimorphic; this means that the sexes are easy to distinguish from each other. The male diamond dove has a thicker red-ring around his eyes than the female — the beginner bird keeper would find it much more comfortable in identifying the dove.

A brief history of the Diamond Dove – Australia is the native home of the Diamond Doves and were they found in the North and Central parts of Australia in the dry regions.

Care and Feeding – although parrots have to crush their seeds with their beaks, doves will need to have some grit as part of the diet, because they swallow their food whole. Supply the bird with plenty of soft fruits, greens, and a good mixture of seeds. They also like an egg food or a hard-boiled egg, especially when they are breeding. Freshwater at room temperature that is not cold should be supplied every day.

Diamond doves have no problem breeding in an open nest. In an open-nest, one could add some nesting material for them. Finally, a person should let their birds have a break for a few months after they have had two breeding cycles because of the risk of tiring the birds that could decrease the length of their potential life span.

Housing/Caging – the caging needs of a dove are different to that of a parrot. Parrots will climb up and around on the cage bars, but doves like to get around by flying to where they want to go, which means that a cage that is bigger and wider is a preferred structure to have in place.

These doves like to be on the ground most of the time, so make sure to have the right amount of floor walking space in their enclosure. Inside of the cage, make sure there are varying diameters to the size of their perches because this would stimulate good foot health for the bird. Also, remember that doves always need the chance to have a bath if they feel like it.

Doves Health and Common Conditions in General–

Doves may suffer from red mite. These red mites emerge at night time to suck on the bird’s blood and during the day they hide. Besides, if doves are in a cage outdoors tapeworms, roundworms and other worm species can be a problem. There is a sickness that affects their respiratory function called “canker,” it appears as a swell in your bird’s throat, and also you might see growth near the mouth that can kill the bird if it is not tended.

Although the common domestic dove is known to everyone, they are protected by law if they are in the wild, and mainly if they are in North America. By law in North America, they cannot be kept in captivity; however, most times, doves are easily tamed and will breed in captivity. In Europe, the wild “turtle doves” and ring-neck doves” are great favorites, and bird breeders often have them.

Both doves and pigeons come in a variety of colors, with pigeons having a larger scale of colors. These birds are classified as affectionate, docile birds and may be left in cages or allowed on common grounds in their home. Some ground-doves feed and live upon the grounds and often nest in bushes or trees. There are also quail doves which come in a variety of colors. Doves eat soft seeds, fruit, insects, young buds, bread crumbs.

When housing these doves as a pet keeps in mind that they dislike strong sunlight and should be kept in shady areas. Always handle doves with care, unlike other birds, and they love sand-bathing.

For additional reading on doves and pigeons, please click on the pigeon and dove section in the “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” Site’s search bar. However, for any particular species of dove or pigeon, please continue the research on the bird of choice.

Overall, doves are generally healthy birds. However, for a tip, a person should always wash their hands before and after handling these birds.

The Amazon parrots consist of about 30 species, and they comprise of the genus Amazonas. The most popular Amazon parrots are known to be the Yellow-Naped, Double Yellow-headed Amazon,

and the Blue-fronted Amazon, Mealy Amazon parrots, White-fronted Amazon, Orange-winged Amazon, and the Double Yellow-headed Amazon Parrot.

The Amazon parrot is a native bird to the New World, ranging from South America to Mexico and the Caribbean. This species of bird ranges from midsized to large; they are a stocky parrot with a short slightly rounded broad tail. They have rounded wings and a dark edging to the feathers that produce a barred appearance in most species.

Their habitats are mainly in wooded areas found in pairs are smaller to sometimes larger flocks in more significant numbers at communal nighttime roosts. They are noisy and quite widespread, and they are from the family of Neotropical parrots.

When deciding on this species of bird, ask an experienced expert who could provide one-on-one training with how to handle a canary through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, a person needs to have to learn additional skills t care to for and handle them. This includes the type of feed required and accommodation for them in their living environment. The maybe added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary this bird deserves to spread its wing.

As with other pet parrots; teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this will enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If these pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful to keep them occupied.

The Amazon parrot should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, this would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, home-made meals are introduced for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for their Amazon parrot type and species. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold should be given every day.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, having territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and the incessant screeching and squawking.

Depending on the location, and the environment plan to have the housing set up an Amazon Parrot, by making sure to ask permission of the landlord if the bird stays inside of an apartment. As noted, Amazon parrots are social birds, and they love to be around human action. It is essential to have them interact with other family members, so try to position their cages where they are always visible for their owner’s view and their happiness.

Remember that they require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

Most importantly, make sure a bond is developed with a parrot by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know the bird. Providing the proper toys, and other essentials will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies by providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, for any health concerns, and how to set up a working environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Amazon Parrots, we suggest continuing research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Most importantly, please check to find out if the choice of wanting a particular pet bird is not listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Planning is the mature thing to do when caring for a species that belong to “Mother Earth.” Learn from (IUCN) if your bird is a protected species listed on Appendix II of CITES, which makes trade and export of trapped wild birds illegal.

Racing Pigeons (Rock Dove)

Racing Pigeon (Rock Dove) – The earlier days of studies indicate that the Racing Pigeon has the same genetics as the Rock Dove. History records that back during the time of Noah and the Ark, the Rock Dove evolved as a messenger by carrying the twig, that indicated the level of the water receding during the time of the great flood. The Rock Doves of these ancient times show similar origins of today’s’ racing pigeons. The history of the dove is ancient and goes back thousands of years, where they were used for different reasons whether carrying messages of personal preference or used in the time of war.

Over the millennia people have bonded with these various types of doves and kept them in their homes. However, during two particular wars, the Asian and European wars with the decline of population, doves, owners of these doves released them into the wild to fend for themselves. At this time, to develop their instincts, they had to build upon their intelligence, speed, and strength to help protect themselves from larger predators, including hawks and other raptor types. Rock Doves forage for their food and have developed their homing sense of memory and sight, becoming adapted to their surroundings.

History indicates that the first of the Racing Pigeons was a variation of the Rock Dove and was domesticated first in a region of the Far East and the Middle East. Since the domestication of the dove, various cultures around the world made use of the dove/pigeons until the present day. Doves and pigeons used during the Middle Ages took on the function of a messenger, by carrying messages from neighboring regions to that of Europe. From the success of the birds as great message carriers cultures across our globe. The Japanese used these birds as a warning for earthquakes.

In the early Olympic Games, pigeons were messengers of victories. Over the ages, other private fanciers used these birds not only as messengers but used them in many victories, including the Greek, ancient Romans and back to the Persian Empire in AD1100. When a battles victory was declared the bird sent home was his hen bird, they knew that she would fly at the fastest speed possible so that she could feed her young back home.

During the time of Greek dominance during their battles, the Greek would carry the hen pigeons with them away from her young back home. With the bird being away from her young when released, she would home back to her young naturally as fast as possible. The use of the bird was one of the means to get the message of victory back to base.

About the twelfth Century, pigeons became more favorable after trade exploded from the East to the Western Europeans who opened the doors of trade and introduced the pigeons to the new lands of Dutch, Belgian, and Venetian peoples. History records indicate that it was probable that the Dutch sailors took an interest in the Persians homing pigeons. These sailors took a few of these birds (also known as Baghdad’s) back to their homeland. With the introduction of these pigeons, these birds of the West are likely descendants of these Persian pigeons.

Since the inception of domesticating the pigeon, they continued to evolve and attract the interest of pigeon fanciers from the Far and the Middle East, Western Europe, and to the West. In the earlier years, the pigeon used as a message carrier, however, during the turn of the 19th-century, the pigeons function changed, as this era in time took on a different need when steam power and then the railway took form. In the 19th Century, a new sport began to emerge, the racing of pigeons now highlighted as a new sport for pigeon fanciers.

One of the first countries to introduce racing pigeons was Belgian, along with a host of other European countries that competed in pigeon racing with the first race in 1856, and with other competitions held 1868, 1878, and 1887. Countries like Belgian, France, Germany, Rome had a routine track of fanciers across the land competing on a personal and commercial level. Racing Pigeons were kept and bred by various pigeon fanciers. As for commercial use, these pigeons usually were used for communication delivery, especially during the time of war. In the time of war, the pigeon’s ability to travel long distance was useful, allowing them to carry messages from location to location using their homing ability. Studies indicate that Belgian pigeons were more advanced than the English pigeons, and pigeon fanciers acknowledged not only the strength but the distance between the two breeds and the advantage and difference of the two breeds.

Racing Pigeons are Homing Pigeons bred and trained for their ability of endurance, intelligence, and their ability to fly a longer distance. Although all pigeons are similar in their natural habitat, racing pigeons got their training for their sport of racing, with the focus on enhancing their genetic traits.

Temperament: Pigeons bred for their genetic traits are usually for stamina and intelligence. The characteristics of the color, the contour of the pigeon’s eyes and pupil, as with the color of the eyes helps indicate the bird’s ability to travel or race. A hole within the head is the pigeon’s ear. When the bird turns within its head, sounds are captured and passed through the external canal. With little known about the nose of the pigeon, the nose is the lease developed organ.

For the Circulatory System, the pigeon gains its nutrition through its blood for its overall functional purposes. The Circulatory System helps to purify the body with the removal of waste and toxins, which helps to purify the lungs and arteries.

Housing/Caging – the caging needs of a pigeon/dove are different to that of a parrot. Parrots will climb up and around on the cage bars, but doves like to get around by flying to where they want to go, which means that a cage that is bigger and wider is a preferred structure to have in place. It is ideal to house pigeons in ventilated lofts or large cages made for indoor or outdoor housing.

These birds like to be on the ground most of the time, so make sure to have the right amount of floor space in their enclosure for walking. Good foot health will help stimulation in the bird. Also, remember that pigeons always need the chance to have a bath if they feel like it. Sunlight is necessary but providing shade for the pigeon is essential in their daily living requirements. Preparation for all weather elements is also essential for the pigeon upkeep, by creating and maintaining a secure and non-toxic environment.

Health and Common Condition – red mite is something that doves and pigeons suffer from most of the time. These red mites emerge at night time to suck on the bird’s blood. Besides this, if doves/pigeons are in a cage outdoors, this is when tapeworms, roundworms, and other worm species can be a problem. There is a sickness that affects their respiratory function called “canker” (Trichomoniasis), it appears as a swell in your bird’s throat, and also you might see growth near the mouth that can kill the bird if not attended.

However, pigeons suffer from various ailments and diseases including Adenovirus known as, “young bird vomiting syndrome” for which antibiotics do not cure these concerns but may slow down the escalation of infections. Pigeons also may suffer from dropsy, paratyphoid, or diarrhea not commonly classified as a disease. The most common concerns with pigeons address their equilibrium imbalance which is a stress indicator. Other ailments are Aspergillosis which relates to symptoms with a hard lump in the pigeon’s windpipe. Bone concerns for pigeons relate to a variety of concerns with insufficient calcium, iron, that is related to anemia. There is a host of other minerals for the pigeon’s daily supply of supplements. Most important, when training a pigeon for racing a daily supplement of a vitamin is highly required. These are a few of the ailments and diseases listed by our site.

Although the common domestic dove/pigeon is known to everyone, they are protected by law if they are in the wild, and mainly if they are in North America. By law in North America, native pigeons cannot be captured for captivity; however, pigeons are easy to tame and breed when domesticated. In Europe, the wild “turtle doves” and ringdoves” are great favorites, and bird dealers often breed and sell them.

Both doves and pigeons come in a variety of colors with pigeons having more variety in their colors. These birds are classified as affectionate, docile birds and may be left in cages or allowed on common grounds in the home. Some ground-doves feed and live upon the grounds and often nest in bushes or trees. There are also quail doves which come in a variety of colors. Doves/Pigeons eat soft seeds, fruit, insects, young buds, and bread crumbs. However, the pigeon diet should consist of only fifty percent of mix seeds and nuts. Make sure to balance their diet with the proper supply of supplements.

Exercise: Homing Pigeon typically gets their exercise when mating, flying, and roosting.

When housing these birds as a pet keeps in mind that they dislike strong sunlight and should be kept in shady areas.

For additional reading on doves and pigeons, please click on the pigeon and dove section in the “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” Site’s search bar. However, for any particular species of dove or pigeon, please continue research on the bird of choice.

Overall, pigeon and doves are generally healthy birds. However, for a tip, a person handling pigeons/doves should always wash their hands before and after handling these birds.

Life-span: different species of doves and pigeons have a life expectancy of 15 to 20 years or longer depending on the quality of the upkeep by the owners.

For Racing Pigeons, it is essential to have a Race Sheet record kept and updated regularly. Every aspect of the training should stay on file including activities, the style of movements inside and outside their lofts or hutches, their first flight, the training styles as it relates to basket training, training flights and their first race, as all training techniques are recorded and maintained by their owners.

Yellow-Naped Amazon – is a native of Pacific Central America and Northern South America, also found in Southern Mexico and Northwest Costa Rica. Other locations include Honduras, the Bay Islands, and some locations of Nicaragua. These birds have a coloration of the blue crown, pink throat, yellow bill, and they have a low-pitched call.

They have a length of 12 to 15 inches when mature. These species of parrots have a life-span of about 50 to 60 years; however, they could also reach 70 to 90 years with the proper care.

They are considered a non-aggressive parrot by some pet owners with a temperament that is somewhat calm and is affectionate to their owners. However, when going through its hormonal bluffing stages, they could be a bit aggressive; as a result, they may lunge and bite their owners or others. Be mindful of their behavior during this stage.

They are known to be talkers and singers, being very loud when calling out, and getting their owners’ attention, or when they want attention. These birds are family-friendly, and they are an excellent choice for the entire family or if chosen for an individual.

Yellow-naped Amazon males may become a little aggressive if protecting their territory, but only when breeding or molting. On average, they get along well with other individuals of their species.

Their primary diet consists of fruits, leaf buds, blossoms, seeds, and nuts. For daily nutrients, the Yellow-naped parrot diet is supported by a high-quality pellet, a mixture of seeds, and of course, freshwater daily. Consider speaking to a vet or parrot expert when providing a non-traditional diet for a Yellow-naped Amazon. Also, keep track of their food consumption as this would be a support in any diagnose of health concerns. Avoid any toxic foods, as this relates to chocolate and avocados. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold, should be supplied every day.

Always proof checks the home and the housing arrangement for the Amazon parrot before bringing them in the house.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the Yellow-naped Amazon by spending quality time with them, as this helps with getting to know the bird. Provide the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder. A rope is essential; it helps with keeping them occupied and supports them with daily exercise.

Please be mindful of these birds loud nature if sharing space with others, or living inside of an apartment. Permission from a landlord or apartment management office would be considered a wise choice before deciding to buy a pet bird of this species. Maintaining the quality of quietness is recommended when sharing adjacent space with others.

Though these birds are a little noisy, they are considered friendly, easy-going, and beautiful pets to have as a companion.

If children are present in the home, always proof checks the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. Providing a safe environment also applies to this parrot if other pets share the same home.

Consider checking with a veterinarian, parrot breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Amazon Birds, we suggest continuing with research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Double Yellow-headed Amazon – Native to Mexico and Central and South America. The locations of Southern California and Stuttgart, Germany, are places where this parrot also lives. The Double Yellow-headed Amazon is second to the African-grey in learning words, also known to sing opera. However, this bird listed as an endangered species. Please check with the International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and International Treaties for its listing of endangered birds. Resources indicate that captive-bred birds could be legally sold and owned, though documentation is required.

The Double Yellow-headed parrot has a mature length size of 15 to 17 inches, making it one of the more significant parrot selections, having a life-span of about 60 years, with a few reported living to 80 years. Their coloration is distinctive with bright green.

Considered as non-aggressive by some bird fanciers, and they are known to have an excellent speaking ability and are quite intelligent. They also require their owner’s attention.

These parrots are family-friendly, and they are an excellent choice for the entire family or if chosen for an individual. On average, they get along well with other individuals of their species. Their temperament is somewhat calm and is affectionate to their owners. However, when going through its hormonal bluffing stages, they could be a bit aggressive; and as a result, they may lunge and bite their owner or others. Be mindful of their behavior during this bluffing stage.

Most importantly, make sure to bond with the Double Yellow-headed Amazon by spending quality time with him, as this helps with getting to know the bird. It is great to provide the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder. A rope is essential, as it helps with keeping them occupied, and it provides them with a place for daily exercise.

Blue-Fronted Amazon – is Native to Inland Eastern Brazil to Paraguay, Eastern Bolivia, and Northern Argentina, with a mature length size of 15 to 17 inches; and an average weight of 14 to 15 ounces. This species of Amazon parrot has a life-span of about 40 to 80 years, with a few reported living to 100 years. Their coloration is a distinctive lime-green.

They are known to be prolific talkers and singers and known to be non-aggressive by most bird fanciers. Blue-Fronted Amazon to get their owner’s attention, they call out very loud when calling out. These Blue-Fronted Amazon are family-friendly, and they are an excellent choice for the entire family or chosen by an individual. Blue-fronted Amazon males may become a little aggressive if protecting their territory, but only when breeding or molting. On average, they get along well with other individuals of their species.

Spending quality time with a Blue-Fronted Amazon will encourage bonding as this helps with getting to know the parrot. It is great to provide the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder. A rope is essential, as it helps with keeping them occupied, and it provides them with a place for daily exercise.

Their primary diet consists of fruits, leaf buds, and blossoms, seeds, and nuts. For daily nutrients, the Blue-fronted Amazon parrot diet is supported by the high-quality pellets, a mixture of seed, and of course, freshwater daily. Consider speaking to a vet or parrot expert when providing a non-traditional diet for the parrot. Also, keep track of their food consumption as this will support any diagnose of health concerns — always avoid any toxic foods, as it relates to chocolate and avocados. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold, should be supplied every day.

Always proof checks the home and the housing arrangement for this pet bird before bringing it home.

Please be mindful of these birds, loud nature if sharing space with others, or living inside of an apartment. Permission from a landlord or apartment management office would be wise to consider before considering buying a pet bird of these species. It is recommended to maintain the quality of quietness when sharing adjacent space with others.

Though these birds are a little noisy, they are considered pleasant, easy-going, and beautiful birds to have a companion.

Proof checking the environment is advised regarding any safety concerns if children are present in the home. Always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. Providing a safe environment also applies to the pet if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the species of the two different types of Blue-fronted Amazon, we suggest continuing with research on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Yellow-Billed Amazon – also called the Jamaican Amazon – Native of Jamaica, West Indies, it belongs to the species of parrot in the family of Psittacidae. They live, nest and breed in the natural habitat of tropical and subtropical moist lowland forests of Jamaica.

The coloration is predominantly green, with a short tail and pink throat and neck. The parrot matures in size to a length size of 11 inches from bill to tail, with an approximate weight of 9.1 ounces. This species of parrot has a life-span of about 50 plus years. Their coloration is distinctively green, with white facial markings, and white wings coverts and primaries are blue; the forehead and eye areas are whitish, and the fore-crown is dull blue.

The Yellow-Billed Amazon is classified as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They are a protected species listed on Appendix II of CITES, which makes trade and export of trapped wild birds illegal.

Any person who desires to be pet owners of the Yellow-billed Amazon, they are listed by (IUCN) as rare both in their natural habitat and in captivity. Research indicated that every captive specimen of this species that is capable of breeding needs to be in a well-managed breeding program and not kept as pets. The IUCN would ensure the long-term survival of this species.

Their primary diet consists of fruits, leaf buds, and blossoms, seeds, and nuts, with a more lean diet, as they tend to become obese in a small aviary or cage setting. For daily nutrients, consider speaking to a vet or parrot expert when providing a non-traditional diet for a pet. Also, keep track of its food consumption as this would support any diagnosis of health concerns. Supply fresh water at room temperature every day, making sure it is not cold.

Always proof checks the home and the housing arrangement for this pet bird before bringing it home.

Most importantly, make sure to spend quality time bonding with this parrot, as this helps with getting to know the bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder and a rope, is essential, as this helps with keeping them occupied and its support them with exercise daily. These parrots sunlight is a must to maintain optimal health. Unlike other parrots, the Yellow-billed Amazon craves privacy and security.

Please be mindful of this bird’s loud nature if sharing space with others, or living inside of an apartment. Permission from a landlord or apartment management office would be wise to consider before considering buying a pet bird of this species. It is recommended to maintain the quality of quietness when sharing adjacent space with others.

If children are present in the home, make proof checks of the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies to provide a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to consider weighing in with advice from other experienced sources such as a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of a working environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about the two different types of Yellow-billed Amazon, we suggest continuing with research on these species. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Refer to the section of Pet Birds and Their Many Species for feeding, caring, and maintenance under the Site’s Engine Search, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com,” for any additional information.

Health Insurance – is essential for the well-being and security of the pet to obtain sufficient health insurance to help with the veterinary care to ease the expense of the owner.

Other relatives of the Amazon parrots include the following to name a few:

Hispaniolan Amazon – Native of Haiti and the Dominican Republic, and the Greater Antilles. They have the coloration of white forecrown with a rose-red spot on the chin and a maroon spot patch on the abdomen, classified as a pale bill. Hispaniolan Amazon parrot primarily is identified with a loud screeching while in flight.

Puerto Rican Amazon – is a Native to Puerto, and formerly nearby Culebra Island, Greater Antilles, West Indies. These birds have all-green coloration with a red frontal band and prominent white eye-ring, with no red wing-speculum, black edging to feathers on head, neck, and back. They have a loud-squawks and a chuckling sound.

Green-Cheeked Amazon – is a Native of Eastern Mexico, from Tamaulipas, Eastern Nuevo Leon, and Eastern San Luis Potosi to Northern Veracruz. These birds have a red forecrown, blue from above eyes to sides of neck and green cheeks; red wing-speculum; a yellow bill. They are similar to the Red-lored Amazon.

Yellow-Crowned Amazon – its Native habitat is from Pacific Slope of central Mexico to the nearby localities and Caribbean slopes and found in Southern California. The Yellow-Crowned Amazon identified with a yellow head-crown, and yellow morphs/face, with a distinctive lesser yellow bill, and with a white ring around the eyes. They are small amazons that have a more distinctive green feathering, pink-red legs, and white around the eye-ring. The side breast to flanks is deep orange. These species have three separate groups, including Yellow-naped, Yellow-hard, or “oratrix” or Yellow-crown.

Yellow-Faced Amazon – Native to Southern Brazil. From Southern – Similar species to the Blue-fronted Amazon. They are identified with green and yellow morphs but has individual variation within each.

They are a small amazon, and they have a more distinctive green their feathering, pink-red to legs, and white around the eye-ring. The side breast to flanks deep orange.

Yellow-Shouldered Amazon – is Native to Northern Venezuela, and its offshore islands. They are known to have the coloration of the white forehead, with yellow face and yellow observed on wings, and lesser wing-coverts and red wing-speculum, having a pale yellow bill. They are medium size amazon birds.

Mealy Amazon – Native to Southern Mexico South to Central Bolivia.

White-Chinned Amazon – is Native to the central Amazon River Basin, Northern Brazil.

Scaly-naped Amazon – Native to Highland of Northwestern Venezuela and Western Colombia to Northern Bolivia;

Tucuman Amazon – Native to Southern Bolivia;

Red-Spectacled Amazon – Native to Southeastern Brazil, and neighboring southeastern Santa Catarina;

Festive Amazon – Native to Amazonia, Throughout drainages of Rio Orinoco and Amazon River;

Vinaceous Amazon – Native to Southeastern Brazil.

Conures – Conures are a unique and beautiful parrot species, with a very peculiar nature and colorful personality. It could be considered an ideal bird for someone who has less time to commit to providing to a pet bird. They are considered to be great companions and are known to be very playful and display a personality of curiosity, yet they are very loud by nature’s standards. Research indicated that the conure’s signature sound is a high-pitched screech, yet not aggressive. This bird’s high-pitched screech may relate to their excitement at that moment, or when they may want to attract attention. Taking the time to choose may become time-consuming as they come in a variety of colors.

Like other birds of this species, Conures of capable of mimicking speech, although not as talkative as other larger parrots, but they are capable of learning a few words and phrases.

When proofing their environment, they require minimum space as compared to other larger birds.

Maintenance always involves checking the feathers of the bird. Also bathing and preening are essential, as all birds like to bathe. They will consider bathing when breeding as the bathwater helps maintain humidity and helps to maintain overall good health. Freshwater at room temperature, not cold, should be supplied every day.

When deciding on this species of parrot, remember they are available in an assortment of different colors, including different eye colors. For any additional questions on this species, an owner may want to get an experienced expert who will provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity, especially for those who are beginners.

Through its natural development, one will need to learn additional skills on how to care for and handle this bird. It includes the type of feed required and how to accommodate them in their living environment. There would be the added expense to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have to stretch its wings.

As with other pet parrots, a pet owner may want to teach them manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control around people. If the bird placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful to keep them occupied.

Feeding – a pet bird should be introduced to a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, and seeds, that are ideal for their species, and they would benefit from a proper nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet parrot. Again, it is suggested to research the best diet for a pet’s bird type and species.

A regular Vet check-up is crucial and is advised to support with long-term maintenance of a pet parrot and to will diagnose and treat any possibility of disease in its early stage. As noted by research, Conures are susceptible to feather disease and Psittacine Beak, Psittacosis, Proventricular Dilatation Disease (PDD), and beak malocclusion and Aspergillosis. Therefore, a regular check-up is necessary and crucial.

Raptors (Eagles, Hawks, Owls, and Falcons) – are all protected under federal law and are found in the United States of North America. These raptors are forbidden by law to be owned as pets and even having any possession of their feathers. The federal law stipulates that unless classified as a Native American and holding an ID card registered and filed by law, one is not allowed to take ownership of these raptors.

There are exceptions to ownership if a person licensed as a falconer, and a person has taken a state exam. A facility must be inspected routinely by the state if having any possession of these birds. One could also be an apprentice of a General Falconer in order to learn to be a Falconer.

Studies reveal that these birds are not social, and they do not like to be petted and cuddled. They are classified as solitary and are wired to be hunters.

What Bird to Consider if Licenses are in Place

Types of birds to consider if one desire to have a raptor would depend on whether a person wants a bird for hunting or if one wants the bird as a pet. Would the bird have the ability to fly free or be kept in a large aviary in the yard or garden? If this is the case, then one may need a raptor species that is more of the lazy type that does anything not to have to go on a hunt.

If deciding on keeping other species and types of birds, including keeps of parrot-like birds, softbills, or pheasants, a person will find these birds will feel threatened and may become upset if mixed with birds of prey like owls in particular where they can see them. Birds of prey are treated as enemies by them, and it is unfair to try and mix them. As noted, birds may stop breeding, and the stress of having prey birds near them could cause infections or death. These birds also go for other prey animal pets like rabbits; it is unkind to keep them near birds of prey such as pets like Goshawks.

If one is a beginner, it is not a good idea to start with smaller birds. Sparrow hawks, little owls, and Kestrels are better not to consider, especially if wanting to teach a bird of prey to fly free. The fact is that it is easier to kill the small bird from inexperience. It is also best to gain more experience, as needed before having learned to deal with the incredibly variable weights of owls and birds of prey. Although these are larger birds to consider, that does not mean they are easier to train. Therefore, more essential, they can absorb weight loss that would be less detrimental to their health, and so it is less likely they will die.

If considering a diurnal of prey for just flying, it is probably best to begin with, a Common Buzzard, Red-tailed Hawk, or Harris Hawk. As a choice of prey for beginners, it is suggested to start with a Lanner Falcon as the best choice. However, still, it would be better to get a couple of years’ experience with a broad wing hawk first. The best owl species is the Bengal Eagle Owl, which is a medium-sized bird that has a softer temperament, and they are generally easier to manage.

The family of Raptors includes Galapagos hawk, Northern Goshawk, Hen Harrier, Wedge-tailed Eagle, Martial Eagle, Harpy Eagle, Hilippine Eagle, the Golden Eagle, the Bald Eagle and there are others.

Please continue with researching laws, codes, and regulations for keeping any of these birds in the country of choice.

Bald Eagle – is one of North America’s biggest birds of prey and is identified as the National Bird of USA since 1782 and has been a protected bird since 1940. With its striking appearance, known for its laid out dark brown wings, white head and neck, large, yellow bill, and sharp talons. It also has white tail feathers that highlight its distinctive features. The Bald Eagle has a length of 28 to 38 inches and a weight of 6.5 to 14 lbs. The bald eagle is exclusive to North America.

The Golden Eagle – is a distinctive bird with a length of 30 to 35 inches and weighing 6.5 to 14 lbs. Moreover, its plumage and sexes alike. This bird is native to North America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa. It is known to be the largest of its kind in the Northern Hemisphere with a wingspan of 7.5 ft.

The Golden Eagle has a beauty of its own and lives mainly on a diet of living prey, including squirrel and rabbits. As it soars over the landmass, it surveys the land below. One would find their habitat in the open county, and mountains of Eastern Oregon and identify as the National icon of the American West.

The Golden Eagle is a bird of prey by nature. However, there are several other related species of its kind to be researched.

Common Buzzard – is a medium size in stature, with large, eyes, and large, broad wings and are native to America, Europe, Asia, and N. And E. to South Africa. Their prey includes smaller animals like mice, rats, insects, and voles.

Hawks, Eagles, Vultures, Osprey, Falcon, Turkey Vulture, and their Relatives are larger birds and are known to hunt and scavenge by day, unlike Owls, who hunt at night. Although birds of prey found across the globe, however, they are usually found in an open landscape where there is a warmer climate. Common Buzzard is known to be scavengers.

The Snowy Owl, Eagle Owl, or the Tawny Owl are known to be the best choices for a beginner pet owner.

Owls – they are similar to species of the Falcons and Hawks when taking flight, having sharp talons and hooked bills for catching their prey.

Owls are in no way kin to diurnal birds of prey. Owls are much closer related to nightjars than other diurnal birds of prey. Although, Owls are in the same groove as other birds of prey that hunt during the day, it is just that an owl does it at night.

Difference: There is a difference anatomically. Owls have no crop, when they eat, the food goes straight into the stomach, and also, they use their food differently. The droppings from Owls are different in content to birds of prey that are diurnal but eat the same food. As far as can be determined, Owls can only see in black and white and not in color. Owl’s eyes, compared to other diurnal birds of prey, have eyes that are much more vulnerable. An Owl closes their eyes when they are attacking their prey and also when taking food from hand. Moreover, Owls are long-sighted.

Different Owls are suited to different uses. The types of activities are things to keep in mind and will be the thing that determines what Owl species would be the best choice to get. No, matter what the reasons, an Owl has the typical life-span of anywhere from 10 to 40 years of age. Due to their extended life-expectancy, an owner must organize who would take care of the bird in case the owner is away or not available.

Also, make sure to have a good food supply and also a Vet that is exceptionally experienced and open-minded as well in handling Owls.

Before deciding on choosing an Owl, one must first organize a Vet to help with any emergency health needs. Even if they were not well experienced, they would at least have an expert or be able to contact a specialist, or Vet to get advice.

Falcon – Falcons fall into the genus of Falco, and there are about 40 species. Every continent of the world has Falcons except Antarctica. Mature falcons have tapered wings that are thin, this gives them the ability to fly at high speed, and they can change directions very quickly. In the first year of fledging, flight feathers are more extended; this makes their configuration much more likened to a general-purpose bird like a broad wing. Flying is easier for them as they learn the exceptional skills they need to hunt when they are adults.

Their body length is 13 to 23 inches and with a weight of 0.44 to 0.55 pounds, with a wingspan of 33 inches.

We highly suggest contacting the proper agency before handling these protected species; as mentioned, Raptors (Eagles, Hawks, Owls, and Falcons) – are all protected under federal law and are found in the United States of North America. These raptors are forbidden by law to be owned by pet lovers and even having any possession of their feathers. The federal law stipulates that unless one is classified as a Native American and holds an ID card registered and filed by law, one is not allowed to take ownership of these raptors.

There are some exceptions to ownership if one is licensed as falconers and have taken a state exam. If a person has a facility, the facility must be inspected routinely by the state if having any possession of these birds. Most importantly, one must be an apprentice of a General Falconer in order to learn to be a Falconer.

White-neck Ravens as Pets

White-naped (or White-neck Raven) – this corvid is perhaps the most stunning and about the biggest of all the African species of ravens. The native home of these birds is part of Africa on the east edge from Zaire to South Africa. They could have a wing-span of about 36 inches, and a mature White-neck Raven is a considerable size standing 20″ tall. White-neck Ravens are known for their superior intelligence like other ravens and crows throughout the world, and they are also known to be unique problem solvers by nature. Often, they could be seen portraying as a trickster throughout history. Their life expectancy is approximately 25 to 50 years.

Coloration pattern: The entire body plumage is a dark purple-blue, that glistens and shimmers off the feathers. They have at the back of their neck a large white very distinct patch, and at the tip of their beak is an ivory color tip on the end.

Feeding: Ravens are known to eat just about everything that may be edible, but ravens are omnivorous, although sometimes they will eat things that are not edible. Usually, they eat berries, carrion, insects, and also corpses of prey killed by other predators. The raven will also prey on small mammals, other baby birds, and other birds’ eggs.

Exercise: Of course, Ravens loves to fly, but also, they like to peck at things and jump around. If lucky enough to have one of these birds as a pet, allow them 3 to 4 hours outside (in their large size aviary) to play or do everything else that Ravens like to do. These birds need their flight space ample so that they could stretch and exercise the muscles of their body. Vitamin D is something necessary for this bird’s well-being to build bone, density, and strength; this gained from sunlight.

For daily exercise, be sure to have varying size diameter perches inside the cage for their foot grip exercise. Because they are known as the smartest birds with problem-solving intelligence, they need toys to play with, but they need toys that would present challenges to them that stimulates their minds. The White-naped Raven learns quickly, and they have a great eagerness to learn along with being very exquisite. These birds can master mimicking the human voice very well. They can develop a powerful bond with their owner and family.

Most people would consider them a wonderful pet, but still, they would not be for everyone. Some people might find them intimidating, because they are bigger needing an appropriate aviary to play, exercise, and live, just so a beloved pet Raven can thrive. Also, consider their diet and the necessary foods to feed them and remember their droppings that have to be cleaned up. They can be messy, and the cost to feed them properly may not be for everyone. Starting at a very young age socializing is essential. Please keep a raven in an environment that will promote a healthy raven that would make them a joy to be around. If one likes the idea of having a pet raven in the family, make sure to do the necessary research.

Health Insurance – is essential for the well-being and security of the pet to obtain sufficient health insurance to help with the veterinary care for the animal.

Pied Crows as Pets

Pied Crows – Body Length of inches 20″ tall, medium size bird– with the life span of 20 to 40 years in captivity.

Pied Crow is not a commonly kept bird as a pet, yet, it is stunning and attractive to the eyes of anyone who observes and appreciates its beauty. It is a native of Africa, South of Sahara, Aldabra, Madagascar, and other regions of the continent. The distinctive look of this bird, not only comes with beautiful contour, but with exceptional intelligence. Pied Crows are curious by nature, and have problem-solving, intelligence, along with making and using tools. Observing the Pied Crow’s behavior and how they utilize their creative skills, bird specialists have indicated these corvids are likely more intelligent than other bird species like parrots.

Status: The Pied Crow is rare in captivity in North America, but a few breeders do keep and breed them in their aviaries. North America does have protection laws in place for the protection of American’s native corvids. Other foreign nations may have different laws, codes, and regulations about keeping these birds as pets. Therefore, we suggest diligent research if considering this bird as a chosen pet.

The beauty of this Pied Crow stands alone and showcases a white plumage, with contrasting broad black wings, with a white-collar around its neck for its coloration. It has an open black beak with a black head and black shoulders. The eyes are dark brown, with the legs and feet dark grey. They also have a slightly longer tail, black in coloration.

The voice of the Pied Crow is impressive. They can mimic words and sounds with little effort, but these birds may become stressed if they have to unthink behaviors, customarily taught by their owners. Bird specialists suggest being sure about what to teach the crow in order to prevent this bird from an unwanted stressful situation. If a person already owns or decide to own a Pied Crow, make sure that their habitat is one with abundant space for their movement in flight. These birds require adequate space to stretch their wings, so keep them housed in a similar habitat to replicate the environment of their natural habitat.

Housing: When proofing their space, make sure that it is kept staged similar to their natural habitat. These birds are known to be destructive, so be mindful of certain toys, and tools. If the birds stay in an outdoor aviary, make sure that the temperature is appropriate for the birds.

Pied Crow kept inside the home or outside the home required supervision and monitoring, as an owner will always need to check on their safety. Regular interaction with a Pied Crow is essential because this would help to stimulate the bird’s mind.

In the wild, they are found traveling as singularly, in pairs or as a group.

Pied Crows – feed mainly on insects, crickets, vegetables, fruits, chopped nuts, carrion, rodents, and commercial bird of prey food. Their diet should be supplemented with calcium, vitamin D, and minerals to maintain their strength and well-being. Providing these birds with sufficient sunlight is required to help to promote good health.

The Red Jungle Fowl – Likely unknown by many, the Red Jungle Fowl is the ancestor of the domesticated chicken. This fowl domesticated about 5,000 years ago. When we hear the sounds of “cock-a-doodle-doo,” this is the sound of the male (Cock) calling to attract the females. This fowl is Native to S. and South East Asia.

The Cochin breed works well in a family flock of chickens as pets. Cochins originally bred in China as an ornamental breed. They are hardy and perfectly content to wander around the backyard lazily. The Cochin is expected to lay two to three brown eggs each week when they are lying.

Housing – Chickens have adapted very well to living in coop their entire life very well, and of course, and free-range is no problem. The Cochin is classified as extremely calm and laid-back and is friendly, hardy, and quiet, not to mention a calm breed. They are a fluffy feathered chicken that also has feathers on their feet. Also, some individuals have fizzle curly feathers.

The Australorp chicken is a breed from Australian. The feathers are black, and they have an iridescent shimmering green color in the sun. During the aging process occasionally, the ends of the feather get a bit speckled with a grayish brown. Usually, the Australorp hen through pecking order would place themselves as one of the head chicken in the coop. Australorps are a breed that is friendly, outgoing, and curious. About five medium to large brown eggs is laid every week when they are laying.

The Plymouth Rock Chicken – Plymouth Rock first were developed and breed in New England (America) in the 19th Century and continue to be popular throughout the world. They are a standard size chicken, and they are believed to be a chicken that lives a longer life. They tend to thrive quite well and get along with their owners and also get along well with other pets. They can be expected to lay 4 or 5 eggs weekly when they are lying.

Brahma Chicken – Brahma is a chicken that is breed in both bantam and standard size. The Brahma is not a skittish bird and is trainable and friendly, being an ideal bird for children to show. Brahma is comfortable while being handled as one would find that the roosters tend to be more docile than most other breeds of chickens. Brahma also found in a variety of colors. Brahma hens will lay a nice brown egg about three times per week when they are laying.

The Buff Orpington Chicken – in the chicken world, the Buff Orpingtons are known as the Retrievers. They came from England originally and are friendly birds that have gold feathers, and they are also abundant birds. They also tend to be a loveable and curious bird and will love being held. Buff Orpingtons adjust to being confined to a chicken coop very well. Buff Orpingtons are a chicken that can go broody, and they could lay about three big brown eggs weekly when they are laying.

The Easter Egger Chicken – if colored eggs are something one would like to produce, consider keeping a couple of these chickens. These chickens carry a gene that makes their eggs tint green, olive, blue, and pink. The Easter Egger Chicken is not an official breed but a chicken type. One would find them in standard size and bantam size, as well. The hen gets the ability to lay colored eggs because of having an Araucana or an Ameraucana chicken parent. It seems that the mate does not have to be the same breed. Easter Eggers are curious and known to be friendly and could lay about four eggs weekly when they are lying.

The Faverolle Chicken – the Faverolle is a chicken from France, and one thing that makes them stand out is that they have five toes instead of the usual 4 for most chickens. They also have a feathered type beard and fluffy feathers on their cheeks. Their colors vary, but the salmon color seems to be the most common. The Faverolle is a chicken that does not have a problem housed in a confined space.

These chickens are incredibly docile, and because of this, they are suitable for children. Every week they can be expected to lay about four creamy or light brown eggs when they are laying.

The Polish Chicken – The Polish has a very different/unique look and is a friendly breed. The Polish Chicken is a chicken that has puffed up feathers on their head, which some people say could cause issues — for example, having vision problems and other birds plucking their feathers.

Grooming – this is no problem if the chicken is gently trim to assist the chicken from not being blinded by his feathers. If the Polish chicks raised alongside different breeds, they usually have no problems.

Polish chickens have two sizes, Bantam, and standard size. Polish is not a reliable egg layer, but at least an owner could get about two white eggs a week when they are laying.

The Silky Bantam Chicken – The Silkys’ is an ancient breed of chicken that Marco-Palo described when he went to China in the 13th hundreds. These small chickens are lightweight, tiny, and handling them is easy. There are a few unusual features that they have, like fluffy instead of having smooth feathers. This chicken also has five toes, and their skin is black instead of yellow.

Silky’ do go broody a lot, so this is not a breed you would choose if you want to produce many eggs. Their eggs are smaller in size than the standard size eggs, and their colors are from white to cream in color, with some being a little pinkish. An owner could expect about three eggs weekly when they are lying.

The Wyandotte “Golden Laced” or “Silver” Chicken – This is a magnificent bird, and first developed in America. Wyandottes found in lots of different colors, but gold and silver types seem to be more available than the others. Their pattern is like a gold or white lace pattern that goes in between the black colors on their feathers. Their comb is like a rose in a style that is perfect for them in cold parts of the country, because it makes frostbite less prone.

The hen average in size about 6 lbs. are making them one of the smaller breeds. Although the hens could be very dominating and they usually the leader hens of the whole chicken coop, they are loaded with personality. They are capable of laying about 4 to 5 pale brown eggs weekly when laying, and they also are perfect mothers.

Like most pets, pet chickens require a little more attention given to their overall maintenance and well-being. To start, one should have the basic understanding that to keep them housed, they need regular worming if they are kept outdoors for more than one month. Checking for parasites should be done regularly, by checking for any red mites, or lice found both on the chicken and in the kept housing area.

Environment – If housing more than one chicken monitoring of their housing needs to be spot checked for any concerns with injuries, as chicken may encounter each other. Therefore, try to make all efforts to keep a safe and clean environment when mixing chickens in the same chicken house.

Housing and Proper Diet for A Pet Chicken

Providing decent housing by giving enough roaming room within their housing is a must, where they would have access to freshwater, feed suitable for their stage of growth that includes an overall nutrition-packed diet. The chicken’s diet is consistent with a supply of freshwater daily for drinking and also grit, as this helps with the chicken’s digestion. When it comes to chicken, chickens feed is available in a variety of formulations. This feed includes crumbles, pellets, and mesh. The whole three have the same nutritional value as each other, and there should not be much different in their cost.

Level of Maturity: A chicken at day old to 6 weeks of age may require a food formula, which is called chick feed. Their food is finely ground up for the new baby chicks. When chicks reach six weeks of age, they will change their diet to grower mix; this feed is what they would be eating to about 20 weeks of age. When 20 weeks passed, the entire bunch of chicken would be fed layer feed, which has 16 percent protein. Even if one has decided to keep a rooster or two, they would not have any problem with the diet as with the other chickens.

The transition for the 6-week old chickens, as cited by research, “should be changed over slowly to the grower feed, because they would first hesitate to eat it if it is new.”

Housing for chickens should consist of a warm and well-ventilated space that the owner could see and monitor. Because chickens are birds, they require an area where they could have a dustbathe. Maintaining the chicken’s feathers by clipping the wings prevents them from flying away into surrounding areas where they are unwanted.

Bonding with A pet chicken

Most Important, having a chicken requires committed time, so before considering having a pet chicken think about the time needed to care for this species.

Ducks as Pets

Ducks – Ducks make good pets. They are intelligent, fun, and enjoyable to watch. Their feed is relatively cheap, and they also enjoy eating greens. If wanting a method to use for weed control, one might consider having ducks to help with maintaining the garden. Like any other pet, a duck is a commitment of time and energy as the owner must accommodate the duck’s needs.

The Call Duck – these ducks come in nearly all colorations imageable. The Call Duck is a very active and energetic bird, they are also gregarious sometimes, but this makes them a great pet as this breed now is mainly used for enjoyment as a decorative pet. However, being a smaller size, they make a favorite exotic and cute pet. Call Ducks are a very sort after breed; however, breeders of these ducks are usually not found everywhere.

A brief history of the Call Ducks – the Netherlands is where this breed was first recorded, and they were used as duck hunting tools. Also, used as portable decoys carried in the pockets of the duck hunters. The Call Ducks customarily are released into the pond, and their loud voice would attract local wild ducks where they become exposed to the guns and traps of the hunters’ that are waiting.

Cayuga Ducks – the Cayuga ducks is a duck breed that is probably one of the quietest of all breeds. Their coloration consists of blackish green feathers. They are characterized by black plumage, with a green sheen that is iridescent with a black bill. It is safe to say that they are one of the most beautiful duck breeds.

A brief history of the Cayuga Ducks – New York State is thought to be where the Cayuga Duck developed from the Black Duck breed near Lake Cayuga. Of all domestic ducks, the Cayuga is known to be the most adaptable duck and a very active forager. Mature ducks like to eat slugs most insects and snails. As far as exhibition breeds, they are one of the most popular in the mid-weight range.

The Cayuga Duck is a perfect example of a docile, quiet, calm temperament; also, they do not fly. Staying close to home is something Cayuga duck wants to do. Therefore, they are an excellent choice for anybody who wants a duck as a yard pet.

Blue Swedish Duck – if one is looking for the ideal backyard duck, then the blue Swedish Duck could be a favorable choice. These ducks are active forages, and they make a friendly family pet. Blue Swedish is an attractive duck breed, and they are medium to large. Their coloration consists of a slant or gray color sometimes, with blue hues in their color that change from individual to individual.

These ducks have a calm disposition and friendly social behaviors, which is what makes these birds great pets. This duck would be a consideration for anybody who wants an excellent yarded pet, because they are good at getting rid of pesty insects, as they are great foragers.

A brief history of the Blue Swedish Duck – the original Blue Swedish Duck, came from Pomerania about 1835. Pomerania is part of the Country of Sweden.

Considering a pet duck could be unusual for some when compared to other similar bird species, and especially in comparison to a cat or dog. A person may think of a child having a toy duck when bathing, but may never think perhaps beyond tradition to have them as pets if living in an urban dwelling. Ducks could be the opposite of what some may think when considering them as pets. They are known to be quite an intelligent species of bird. Although, they may not be much of a talker, if at all, unlike most parrots, they do learn to socialize with basic tricks, and socialize well with their species.

When deciding on choosing a pet duck, it is recommended to buy in pairs, as ducks need the companionship of other ducks. However, they could still bond with their owner, and an owner will be able to have playtime with this bird.

Creating a comfortable environment for a pet duck, an owner must provide a place of comfort and security. If children are in the home, make sure to educate young children on how to handle and care for this bird. If other pets share the home, in particular cats and dogs, please keep in mind that these animals are hunters by nature, and a bird’s quick movements will attract their attention.

Always secure the environment of a pet duck away from these animals. Should a pet duck share, the same space with other bird species monitor the interactions of these birds? The mixing of the bird species as pets must be thoroughly researched and checked before deciding and buying any additional pet bird.

Remember that ducks poop quite a bit; therefore, please decide if this pet would be suitable for indoor or outdoor. Question self on the tolerance level when wanting to care for this type of species. Speak with the family if they are willing to share their space with a pet duck.

If a duck remains indoors, prepare an environment that allows them to have access to water, as they love to swim sometimes. As noted, ducks are an outdoor species, and they do the best roaming around in nature in a secure environment.

Commitment to their needs is relatively high; however, their eating habits consist mainly of greens.

Always speak to a vet or pet breeder about the species of ducks suitable for a potential owner. Studies indicate that domesticated ducks may carry some diseases, in comparison to ducks in the wild.

Interestingly having a goose as a pet is nothing new to many as geese have been domesticated for approximately 2000 years. The Goose remains as a favorite pet for those with interest in wanting to add a charming addition to join their family. Pet geese are a domestic species with its ancestor being the Greylag goose of the waterfowl family “Anatidae.” The Greylag is one of the largest geese and most popular kept by many pet owners. This species of bird migrated mostly from Europe to Asia, where they would remain to benefit from the warmer climate during the change of seasons.

Their color pattern is off white and grey, greyish-brown plumage, with orange beak and pink legs. They have an average weight of 30lbs, and the males average a little more than females, with an average height of 35″. The average life-span for geese is between 20 and 25 years with the proper diet.

In general, if considering having pet geese, be mindful that some species are quite vocal and active. They tend to be more vocal when they are excited or if another intrude in their space. They are known to be a good security bird when confronted by an intruder. As with a majority of other pets, be wise and choose one that is young, as it will be easier to train and bond over some time.

Geese are great weed eaters, but they would do best in a protected environment secured from any potential predators.

Feeding – Geese like grazing upon the land, eating mostly greens. Overall, their diet consists of corn, wheat, and a minimum of bread. For the grass, it is suggested to choose Kikuyu, Lucerne, and clover. If one is looking for good egg producers, geese may not be the preferred species for this purpose, as they only lay an average of about 80 eggs per year.

When deciding on these species of birds, they are available in an assortment of different colors, including different eye colors. For any additional questions on this species, acquire help from an expert who will provide one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity, especially for those who beginners as pet owners are.

Through the natural development of the goose, an owner will likely need to learn additional skills on how to care and handle this bird. It also includes the type of feed required and accommodating them in their living environment.

Maintenance and housing require less expense, as geese mostly live outside. However, a constructed shelter with a pen made of netting would be a beautiful home for a goose. It needs to join a small grass area or paddock that has a pond. Geese love to paddle around and preen themselves but remember they always need access to a place to flap around in freshwater.

Sebastopol Goose – along the Danube in Central Europe and the Black Sea is where the breed first developed. Documents also show that the birds initially transported from Sebastopol. Originally the Sevastopol was developed for their curly feathers and later used for quilts and pillows.

Sebastopol Goose is a medium-sized breed, with white curly feathers, and with a coloration of greyish brown, while others have the buff, saddleback variants or all-gray. Their legs and bill are naturally orange and eyes bright blue.

If a person wants a great backyard goose, the Sebastopol is perfect. These breeds are unable to fly, and this is because their plumage has evolved. In this species, the gander (male) weighs on average 13lbs, and the goose (a hen) weighs an average 11lbs. These birds are gently quiet. However, they require socialization with other birds.

Grey Toulouse Goose – the Grey Toulouse geese, this large domestic goose is of French breeding and initially came from Toulouse in France.

Brief History – the grey Toulouse has a history reaching back to 1555, as they are an ancient breed. They were introduced to the UK in 1840 by Lord Darby. Later, when the breed eventually was brought to North America in the mid-west, it became sought after. This bird had the unique quality of being able to tolerate freezing winters.

The Grey Toulouse has a gentle nature. On average, the Grey Toulouse is 18lbs for males and females. The Grey Toulouse is a gentle, slow-moving, and quiet goose with a calm temperament. However, they require socialization with other birds.

Steinbacher – is a goose that was bred initially in Eastern Europe. This goose is no problem and easy to train and tame and is a character and can be a very friendly pet.

Although they have a slightly Roman nose-shaped bill, they are a beautiful bird. They stand very proud, with their colors of grey, blue, cream, lavender, and buff plumage. The coloration of the legs and beak is bright orange. All-in-all, the Steinbacher is a very placid bird.

Brief history: the Steinbacher originated in Germany. The gander (males) is 14lbs on average, and the goose (a hen) 12lbs on average. However, they require socialization with other birds.

Chinese Goose – this is a native goose in Asia called the Swan Goose. The Chinese Goose is a descendant of these birds. They are a talkative, active, and distinctive eloquent goose. The Chinese are a small goose, and as adults, they all have a black knob on their heads, which is more prominent on the gander. If they are white birds, they will have an orange knob. These birds are brilliant and can single out a person that for some reason, they do not like.

Brief history: Chinese geese are a breed over 300 years old. The original relation is the wild swan goose of China. The gander (male) is 11lbs on average, and the goose (a hen) 9lbs on average. However, they require socialization with other birds.

Character: These geese have much character and make excellent pets, as they are easy to tame and train; however, they rarely ever fly.

The vivarium is keeping reptiles, amphibians, spiders, insects, and other invertebrates in an aquarium setting such as terraria, and aquatic terraria.

Invertebrates in their natural habitat are very diverse as some live on land and those that live and thrive in water. Their range of assortment of features and coloration is also a unique beauty, but what makes them similar is their high reproductive potential.

For those who are beginners in ownership of lizards, it is suggested that Leopard Geckos are good starter lizards due to their small stature in size. However, Blue-Tongue Skinks are a choice for beginners because they are known to be docile. A third choice is Green Anoles that are also a good choice because they are competent to handle for most. The Bearded Dragons is also a good choice for beginners as they, too, are docile and easy to handle.

Bearded Dragons – A brief history to Bearded Dragons as lizards. These species of Bearded Dragon are Native to Australia and are known to be an excellent choice for a pet. These beauties have a lifespan of approximately 6 to 10 years, with a body size of 16 to 24 inches on average. They were given the nickname “beardies” by a few owners who bred them over the years. When it comes to being the most popularity lizard, the Bearded Dragon takes the cake as being the most widely kept lizard pet in the world.

The Bearded Dragon is a genus of reptiles containing nine species, and often named as the bearded dragons. The name “bearded dragon” refers to the “beard” of the dragon, the underside of the throat, which can turn black if they are stressed or see a potential rival.

Maintenance of a bearded dragon could be exciting or maybe challenging for beginners. They require a particular setup for their environment, with proper lighting and adequate space.

When caring for the bearded dragon, know that they are sociable creatures and that they are easy to handle. Like many other animals, their behaviors are exciting and fascinating to watch.

If kept as a desired pet, their feed should be a mixture of insects like crickets, including leafy greens, and fruits and fed in a shallow bowl. Make sure that there are prepared their mixture and greens by finely chopping it up. Daily freshwater is an essential component for their survival, and make sure that their environment consists of moistness to aid in their habitat.

Most importantly, an owner must check any countries laws if thinking about having a bearded dragon as a pet. While they are available in America as a restricted breed, Australia does have strict laws against the exportation of its wildlife.

An individual must research bearded dragons before buying one. Bearded dragons have specific needs that require attention, so owning one requires some advance knowledge. At this time, if a person decides whether a beardy is the right pet for them, make sure that to have everything needed before bringing a dragon home. Ideally, these pets are not good starter pets for young children, as they require special care and handling. Besides, these exotic animals are open to respiratory infections, so it is essential to understand the care and health concerns of this animal.

Frilled Lizards – Also known as “frillies,” frilled neck lizards are Native to Southern New Guinea and North Coastal Australia. They are known as the Second largest in the family of “Agamidae” and also second most significant to the Sailfin Dragon. The research found that the male dragon native of Australian frilled lizards reaches approximately 3 ft length. The New Guinea males are a bit more than 2 ft long.

The Frilled Lizards in captivity feed on insects, including canned grasshoppers, super worms, roaches, silkworms, and crickets. Some frilled neck lizard owners may feed them home-made mixtures. It is crucial to supply it with water as they drink water droplets.

Their habitat is usually enclosed, with the proper environment of sufficient humidity support. Always be mindful of any health concerns such as dehydration around their eyes. Yes, like other pets, if a caretaker becomes concerned about any sickness or other health factors, do take a pet lizard to a vet.

Pay attention during their shedding period, as attention requires support with bathing them in a container that allows the immersion of their body in the water.

As with most pets, do not aggravate them or stress them, instead, as an owner, being their caretaker, as they depend on love and supportive attention.

Blue-Tongue Lizard – The Blue-Tongue Lizard is considered to be active, and diurnal spending most of their time foraging for food. Research suggests that this particular species is kept housed alone, away from other individual species of their own. It is further suggested by research that the blue-tongue if enclosed, may display aggression.

Caring for a lizard is a personal decision for an individual to do more research. As with most animals that one cares for, they would want to educate themselves by learning the proper care and support in maintaining these precious animals.

Please check country laws with any protected species, as with all native reptiles, they are protected by law in NSW. Reptile keepers must obtain a license from the Office of Environment and Heritage to own one as a pet depending on the location and laws applied.

Geckos Lizard – is classified as the smallest to common species of lizard family and found in temperate or tropical regions of the world, and still, account for over 2,000 different species worldwide. They are found to have a variety of colorations for their family group. Geckos Lizard commonly found around the equator, with some also found in the north of the equator in warmer regions. These small animals usually found in areas of mountains, rainforests, grassland, rocky deserts, and urban areas.

Briefly – when an individual thinks of Geckos, for those in North America, one may think of the constant commercial ads using the animated Geckos as an insurance agent. An individual could only remember the animated Gecko as entertaining. Nevertheless, we should know that beyond the commercial ads, Geckos are a remarkable animal that requires their owner’s attention is kept as a pet.

Both their daily maintenance, a supply of food, daily intake of freshwater, and monitoring their health is a commitment to this animal. Geckos in stature range from very small up to 10 – 20 inches in length, with a lifespan of 6 to 10 years; some males are known to have a life-span of 10 to 20 years.

In their habitat and captivity, some geckos are classified as nocturnal species, remaining active at night. These species may also engage in activities during the day. Not known to be aggressive animals, unless provoked, or if males housed together. They are noisy, making a barking, chirping, and clicking sounds when defending territory or trying to attract a mate.

Geckos are pleasant and known to be a docile pet. Most of them prefer not to be handled by humans too frequently; it can cause them stress, which can result in health problems. It is rare for a gecko to bite, but some breeds do, such as the Tokay. If a Tokay Gecko sinks its teeth in, it can be painful.

Geckos feeding is consistent with some live insects, small invertebrates, and other suitable invertebrates such as gut-loaded cricket treated with a particular vitamin and mineral powder. Also, for larger Geckos, they are treated with larger invertebrates, with some owners feeding them pinkies, honey water, and other suitable live foods.

Geckos housing should be consistent with keeping them in tanks (glass) and accommodated with somewhat of their natural habitat that includes plants and decorated with climbing branches, artificial or real half hollow logs, and a closed lid and proper lighting.

Be sure their tank has a secure lid because geckos are strong and will try to escape if they have the chance.

We recommend getting a pet gecko from a pet store, or a respected breeder.

There are other species of Geckos, such as the following:

Malaysian Cat Gecko

The Spider Gecko

The Western Banned Gecko

The Leopard Gecko

The Helmeted Gecko

The Tokay Gecko

The African Fat Tail Gecko

The Marbled Velvet Gecko

The Lined Day Gecko

The Comoro Island Day Gecko

The Gold Dust Day Gecko

The Bibron’s Gecko

The Giant Madagascar Day Gecko

Peacock Day Gecko

Giant Leaf Tail Gecko

The Giant Frog Eyed Gecko

The Desert Gecko

The Gargoyle Gecko

The Flying Gecko

Please acknowledge that we offer brief research on the type(s) of Gecko Lizards, how to care for them, and house them. Please abreast self by learning more about these invertebrates through additional research.

Iguanas – although there are many species to this family, it is safe to say that the Green Iguanas would be the most commonly known of these lizard species that are kept as pets. The Iguanas are Native to the Northern part of South America and Central Mexico.

When choosing Iguanas as a pet, it is quite easy to find one to buy, with the cost being modest if one decides to get a young one, with the size of about 45 to a little over 100 grams in weight. When male Iguanas are mature (over two years of age), this is when their femoral pores become pronounced. Found inside aspect in the thigh area, and pronounced more so than it is with the female. They are the gland openings used for marking their terrorism. The life span for a Green Iguana would be somewhere between 10 and 15 years of age.

An individual could have their Iguanas probed by an experienced Vet to determine the sex of the Iguana. Iguanas in ideal conditions could as adults grow to as much as 6 or 7 pounds and even get to a length of 60 to maybe 70 inches. As a reference point, an Iguana must have the proper size vivarium as they age.

Expect the Iguana to mature by the time he reaches two years old, and at this age, they could be expected to able to breed.

Visiting the Vet for the First Time – the initial visit made to a reptiles Vet should address the weight of the Iguana and also finding if he has any significant health concerns. It is essential to check for concerns with starvation or dehydration to support a healthy diet for an Iguana. An Iguana feces should be tested to check for parasites that are living eternally in his body. Most Vets accept that all Iguanas, whether they wild or capture breed, will carry pinworms. So, it is necessary to deworm an Iguana regularly.

Housing an Iguana – If there is a smaller mid-size Iguana, it is recommended at least a 10 to 30-gallon aquarium would be excellent, but remember, as an Iguana gets more substantial in size, they would be upgraded to a much larger enclosure, constructed by the owner of the pet or it could be purchase. If an Iguana housed in an aquarium, one may consider placing on the floor of the tank or cage sub-straight lining material that would have to be non-toxic for a pet, and easy and quick to clean. Ideal materials include Astor-turf newspaper, butcher-paper, paper-towels.

When lining the cage or tank, the most preferred one to use would be the Astor-turf. If there are two exact pieces of Astor-turf, cut each one the same size to the floor of an enclosure, as well as keep one as a replacement for the other one that is removed when it is soil and dirty.

Feeding a Green Iguana – consists of proper feeding habits, which includes a rich diet related to his natural habitats. Green Iguana involves feeding them small meals based on their age group. If there is a young Iguana, 20 percent of his diet should be protein, and the other 20 percent should be plant-based. The older mature Iguana diet is best to have protein 10% base and plant a 90% base. Vegetables and flowers should make up 80% of the plant food, and the other 20% should be will be fruit-based.

Any foods that are leafy and green will be the most significant portion of an Iguana’s diet, as well as vegetables that are orange or yellow. Do not bother feeding Iguana lettuce and celery as these are mainly water and fiber, and the amount of nutrient are minimal.

If selecting a Green Iguana for a beginner, we suggest choosing one that is stable with good health.

Brief history: many species of the Newt also are known as a salamander belonging to the subfamily Pleurodelinae. The Newt is also called an eft during its terrestrial juvenile stage of life. Although a person may initially perceive them as a lizard at first glance, they are not classified as such. Adult newts live in the water part of the year for breeding.

The Newt distinctiveness is biologically and scientifically distinctiveness. The Newt is a semi-aquatic species that lives in a combination of aquatic and terrestrial environments. There are over 100 types found across Asia, North America, and N. Africa. They have three developmental life changes, including the first aquatic larva, which becomes terrestrial juvenile, and that grows to an adult. They are native to North America, Europe, North Africa, and Asia, and locations in the Middle East, Eastern India, and locations of Japan.

During their life stages, the Newts larvae first develop in water, and as they progress through the stage leading to maturity, they advance onward to land. Adult female Newts only retreat to the water when it is time to breed.

Newt has incredible characteristics to learn. Their study presents a volume of insights about how they live on the land and the water. Some Newts have a smoother textured skin while others have a sturdier texture to their skin. Being a semi-aquatic creator of species, they spend some of their time in the water during breeding/reproduction, but most of life is living off the land. Most Newts of the terrestrial stage live in warmer climates, where they live burrow holes, logs, or under rocks. These types of cover would help protect them from potential predators. Newts likely found in the mountains of Europe have adapted to colder climates.

Not like a typical lizard-like species, Newts who are kin to the salamander also share common traits. They can regenerate their limbs, including their hearts, intestines, eyes lens, jaws, and spinal cords. These species could regenerate many limbs over their lifetime — the showcase of their teeth seen as actual teeth on their lower and upper jaws.

Newts have a unique ability to use toxin in their skin secretion, as a defense mechanism against potential predators. If this toxin gets into open wounds on the human body, it could be fatal. The Newts toxin is also fatal if it ingested. However, studies indicated that the only predator that is dangerous for the Newt is a garter snake.

If one handled newts washing their hands are very important, as it helps to prevent any infections or illness from toxins that develop into bacteria that may carry salmonella, in review, Newts and salamanders along with other amphibians such as frogs, functions as bioindicators, as it relates to their sensitive skins can be used as a measure or indicator to the health of the environment.

Although studies do not indicate that Newts in North America are at risk of the population declined, some studies indicated Europe has concerns with the declined of its Newts population due to pollution, and the declined of their natural habitat. To address this concern, Europe has put in place protection measurements under the Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981 and the Habitat Regulations Act of 1994. Therefore, s person needs to inquire about permits or licenses before considering keeping these species as a pet.

In the pet world of pets keeping these unique species as an admired pet ideal type for consideration would be California, Eastern, Fire-bellied, and Paddle-tailed.

Eastern Newt – this is an attractive species of newt that has become popular over the years and are available in pet stores.

Eastern Newts are native to North America, where they found in southern Florida and southern Texas, with subfamilies found in various locations of the states. They are also native to southern Quebec. These species have a red-spotted skin color. They grow to an average of 3 inches or more for adults, with a life-span of 20 years if taken care of their well being. Three Eastern Newts could be housed in a 10-gallon tank comfortably. The ideal tank setup would consist of approximately 25% water and a more extensive 75% land base. Their water should have correctly submerged and position hanging filter tubes, making sure that the temperature set correctly. These species thrive more in colder temperatures of the mid-70F range.

Fire-Belly Newt – is a colorful newt and one of the more abundant newts of its species. They are easy to care for and easy to handle. These newts require a more giant tank/aquarium of 20 gallons with a temperature of 72F. Consider a tank staged with rocks, or gravel, artificial plants, and bark. Also, regularly cleaned the tank, and their water filter should be submerged with proper hanging filter tubes, making sure that the temperature set correctly. These species thrive more in colder temperatures. For feeding, these newts thrive on brine shrimp, chopped earthworms, frozen shrimp, blood worms, and small guppies, or tubifex cubes. This particular species also like amphibian pellets.

Housing – Newts habitat should consist of an aquarium or tank, similar to that of a turtle, with an adequate water level where there is a floating platform that they could use as a land-base, as these species live both on land and water. There should be artificial plants and proper UVB lighting, and the aquarium should include a lid. Their water should have correctly submerged and position hanging filter tubes, making sure that the temperature set correctly. These species thrive more in colder temperatures. As noted, Newts do not sustain well in warm water.

The aquarium should also be staged with artificial/plastic decoration adding a style and replicating the natural beauty of their natural environment within the tank/aquarium. Some may choose to have a floor of gravel that is purchased from a pet store. However, make sure the gravel is good quality and that there are no unwanted toxins hidden within the gravel. We suggest choosing to have a transparent bottom aquarium/tank. The clear bottom aquarium would assure better monitoring of these species.

Before placing water into the aquarium, check that it has a right pH balance, having no copper, chlorine or chloramine inside the water. A person should be able to purchase a pH test kit from a pet store. Because Newts have sensitive skins, careful measures should be taken in preparing their water, and to be careful when placing all other objects inside and outside their tank. Also, make sure that there is a water filter in place and that it is fully functional.

Aquarium: On average, the home aquarium should be about 10 gallons if not more enormous if keeping up to one or two Newts, with a water temperature kept more aloof, to help protect any concerns with their skin, as newts have soft skin.

Feeding – Newts live on freeze-dried shrimps frozen fish food and snails. They also enjoy live food like bloodworms, earthworms, smaller crickets, and guppies. They could also be fed slugs, crawfish, and frog eggs. To maintaining an aquarium, blackworm would help in supporting to keep it clean. Never overfeed a Newts or Salamanders.

Coloration: Newts and Salamander come in many patterns and colors, from solid colors to bicolor to tricolor.

Size: On average, an adult is approximately 3 to 5 inches, with a life span of about 20 years of living in captivity. Their health concerns are related to their skin glands, known as the Tarichatoxin gland. Warning if this species is ingested or handle with open wounds, it could be fatal. As a reminder, always wash hands properly.

A brief history – the Salamander shares the same traits as a Newt. Both are popular that kept as pets. We suggest further research these species before deciding on them as a pet.

Please find attached the summary history of the Salamander that is utilized when addressing the salamander with both sharing the same subfamily Pleurodelinae.

Brief history: Although one may initially perceive them as a lizard at first glance, they are not classified as such. Salamanders have slender bodies, short limbs, and snouts that are blunt and a tail in the adult and larva stage. Also, their short legs protrude from the side of their bodies. Modern-day salamanders are altogether a family called the Urodela Order. The diversity of the Salamander Family is found to be most prolific throughout the Northern Hemisphere, where the majority of the species located in the Holarctic Eco-zone. Also, in the neo-tropical, some species can be found in this zone as well.

There are over 100 types found across Asia, North America, and N. Africa. They have three developmental life changes, including the first aquatic larva, which becomes terrestrial juvenile, and that grows to an adult. They are native to North America, Europe, North Africa, and Asia, and locations in the Middle East, Eastern India, and locations of Japan.

The Salamander has biological and scientific distinctiveness; they have five toes on their back legs and never more than four toes growing on their front legs. The reliable on habitats in cold, damp places near the water. Some species use the water occasionally, as some are semi-aquatic and other species that live in a terrestrial environment. Some species are aquatic, as well.

The Salamanders can regenerate their limbs, including their hearts, intestines, eyes lens, jaws, and spinal cords. These species could regenerate several limbs over their lifetime — the showcase of their teeth seen as actual teeth on their lower and upper jaws.

The Salamander has incredible characteristics to learn with this species. Their study presents a volume of insights about how they live on the land and the water. Some Newts have a smoother textured skin while others have a sturdier texture to their skin.

Salamander has a unique ability to use toxin in their skin secretion, as a defense mechanism against potential predators. This poison called tetrodotoxin usually found in the skin of some species of Salamander. If this toxin gets into open wounds on the human body, it could be fatal. The Newts toxin is also fatal if ingested. Salamanders of this type move slowly, and their blight acts as a warning to show how toxic they are. The eggs of salamanders are laid typically in the water, and their larva is aquatic. The life cycles of salamanders have significant variations. They are some salamanders’ species in a harsh environment that, while in the larva state, can still reproduce.

Not like a typical lizard-like species, Salamander, who is kin to the Newts, also share common traits. They can regenerate their limbs, including their hearts, intestines, eyes lens, jaws, and spinal cords. These species could regenerate many limbs over their lifetime — the showcase of their teeth seen as actual teeth, on their lower and upper jaws.

If a person has handled salamander washing their hands are very important, as it helps to prevent any infections or illness from toxins that develop into bacteria that may carry salmonella. In review, salamanders, along with other amphibians such as frogs, function as bioindicators, as it relates to their sensitive skins can be used as a measure or indicator to the health of the environment.

Although studies have not an indication that Salamander in North America is at risk of the population declined, some studies indicated Europe has concerns with the declined of its Salamander population due to pollution, and the declined of their natural habitat. To address this concern, Europe has put in place protection measurements under the Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981 and the Habitat Regulations Act of 1994. Therefore, s person needs to inquire about permits or licenses before considering keeping these species as a pet.

In the pet world of pets keeping these unique species as an admired pet ideal type for consideration would be the Axolotl and Tiger Salamander. In the pet market today, the Axolotl is one of the few species that is found.

Housing – Newts habitat should consist of an aquarium or tank, similar to that of a turtle, with an adequate water level where there is a floating platform that they could use as a land-base, as these species live both on land and water. There should be artificial plants and proper UVB lighting, and the aquarium should include a lid. Their water should have correctly submerged and position hanging filter tubes, making sure that the temperature is set correctly. These species thrive more in colder temperatures. As noted, Newts do not sustain well in warm water.

The aquarium should also be staged with artificial/plastic decoration adding a style and replicating the natural beauty of their natural environment within the tank/aquarium. Some may choose to have a floor of gravel that could be purchased from a pet store. However, make sure the gravel is good quality and that there are no unwanted toxins hidden within the gravel. One may also choose to have a transparent bottom aquarium/tank. The clear bottom aquarium would assure better monitoring of these species.

Before placing water into the aquarium, check that it has a right pH balance, having no copper, chlorine or chloramine inside the water. One should be able to purchase a pH test kit from a pet store. Because Newts have sensitive skins, careful measures should be taken in preparing their water, and to be careful when placing all other objects inside and outside their tank. Also, make sure that there is a water filter in place and that it is fully functional.

Aquarium: On average, the home aquarium should be about 10 gallons if not greater if keeping up to one or two Newts, with a water temperature kept more aloof, to help protect any concerns with their skin, as newts have soft skin.

Feeding – Newts live on freeze-dried shrimps frozen fish food and snails. They also enjoy live food like bloodworms, earthworms, smaller crickets, and guppies. They could also be fed slugs, crawfish, and frog eggs. With maintaining an aquarium, blackworms would help in supporting to keep it clean. Never overfeed a Newts or Salamanders.

Coloration: Newts and Salamander come in many patterns and colors, from solid colors to bicolor to tricolor.

Size: On average, an adult is approximately 3 to 5 inches, with a life span of about 20 years of living in captivity. Their health concerns are related to their skin glands, known as the Tarichatoxin gland. Warning if this species is ingested or handle with open wounds, it could be fatal. As a reminder, always wash hands properly.

In the pet world of keeping these precious species as a beloved pet, the most common one chosen as pets are Axolotl and the Tiger Salamander.

Axolotl – this species is native to southeast Mexico City and Central Mexico. The Axolotl has a firmer body compared to the Newt; however, it must keep in more cooling water in order to protect its skin. This particular species grows to a length on average of 7 to 10 inches in length, with a lifespan of on average of 20 years if kept in captivity.

Tiger Salamander – this species is native to regions of North America. Tiger Salamander is attractive and fun to watch. They are one of the larger species of this subfamily; tiger salamander is easy to handle and care for their wellbeing. One will find this species slightly larger than the Axolotl. They require a semi-aquatic tank to maintain its habitat. As a result, the tank should be 20 gallons to house adults, as opposed to 10 gallons for the smaller subfamily members of the species. The Tiger Salamander must keep in more cooling water in order to protect its skin. This particular species grows to a length of up to 13 inches in length. Twenty-five years is the average life expectancy for this salamander if kept in captivity.

Frogs – are another desirable pet for some. Frogs are long known to be kept as a pet. Deciding on a pet frog gives the option of choosing which species is best, as it depends on its coloration and choosing the type of individual species. If selecting a frog for a beginner, one may want to choose one that is stable with good health, as they are very fragile, in particular, if handled by young children.

For beginners, requiring further research before deciding on the breed is the right choice. Knowing the type of environment to set up for a pet frog is something one needs to know to plan. Also, learning about the food supply needed is essential to know ahead of time, as this relates to maintaining good health for a pet frog.

There is a variety of different frogs to consider when choosing the best pet. Including the Pacman Frog, native to the subtropical regions of Southern Brazil, Uruguay, and Eastern-Central Argentina; it is known as one of the larger frog species and classified as a hardy pet.

For safety concerns, when handling frogs, always wash hands.

Tomato frogs native to Madagascar, with a length of 5 inches long on average, and females found to be a little longer than their male counterparts. Their longevity is 6 to 8 years.

In the description, this frog has a slightly shorter lifespan than the other frogs, living an average of just 6 to 8 years.

With the support of their daily feed supply, Tomato frogs live on small mice, crickets, earthworms, and insects. When handling these frogs, be aware that they release of sticky white mucus.

Fire-Belly Toad – is native to Korea, China, and Manchuria. These frogs likely found in ponds, backwaters, and water ditches. Classified by some to be diurnal and displayed as more entertaining compared to other frogs. Also known as toads, they have a coloration of the greenback, sharing various shades of lime green to dark green with red-orange underbelly. Naturally small in size, with the longevity of average ten years with proper diet and maintenance of good health while in captivity.

Fire-Belly Toad housing should be consistent with keeping them in tanks (glass) or semi-aquatic habitat, with a large water bowl and to be accommodated with somewhat of their natural habitat that includes plants and decorated with climbing branches, artificial or real half hollow logs, and a closed lid and proper lighting. Keeping the right temperature is a must with a standard range of about 70 – 75F. If not sure of the temperature range or proper environment setup, always research this area of concern first.

These species of frogs will feed on guppies, worms, crickets, and minnows, along with other insects.

Handling – Beware not handle these particular frogs, as they are known to be toxic due to their skin secretions being toxic. If handling these species, always immediately wash hands.

White’s Tree Frog – is native to the Northern half of Australia and Southern New Guinea. These frogs, classified as Pelodryas caerulea, is also known as the White Lipped Tree Frog, Dumpy and Tree Frog. Classified by some to be diurnal and displayed as more entertaining compared to other frogs.

The coloration may vary within the individual species. Naturally more significant compared to other frogs, with the longevity of an average 15 years with some living approximately 25 years with proper diet and maintaining good health in captivity. Interestingly, the White tree frog could live a little longer.

These species of frogs feed on worms, crickets, small mice, earthworms, along with other insects.

Handling this animal would be okay, but one should always wash their hands, but make sure that one wash their hands before and after picking up these animals, as safety and proper health will assist in maintaining their health.

Housing should be consistent with keeping them in tanks (glass) or semi-aquatic habitat, with a large water bowl and to be accommodated with somewhat of their natural habitat that includes plants and decorated with climbing branches, artificial or real half hollow logs, and a closed lid and proper lighting. Keeping the right temperature is a must with a standard range of about 80 – 85F during the day. If not sure of temperature range or proper environment setup, always research this area of concern first.

Beetles come from the order “Coleoptera,” which is a massive family of thousands. There is only a small percentage of those kept as pets. Amongst the more popular beetles that kept are various fruit-eating Chafer beetles “family Scarabaeidae,” they are usually color shades like luminates green or yellow and could have very striking markings. These beetles are not large, and they could average about an inch.

Feeding Beetles – consist of fruits that are rip, such as bananas in combination with vitamin and mineral powder, are ideal foods for these beetles. Make sure to remove food before it turns molly and only offer this in limited quantity. Also, thou out peas are another food possibility. Besides, a person should also offer to provide rotten wood into their habitat enclosure, because this is an excellent food for the larvae.

The Chafer beetle male is longer than the female in size. When the female is mature, she lays a small number of eggs each day on the ground. These could be expected to cash in six weeks.

The baby larvae stay in the soil, and after three months can be expected to pupae, that is when they emerge as adults in a couple of months.

The Rhinoceros Beetles are another popular type of beetle that kept as pets. They are usually dark in color, with the features of horns on their heads. Having them gives them a distinctive appearance. Horns on this beetle could grow to about three and a half inches, like with the American Hercules Rhinoceros beetles. Their dietary needs as a group are much similar to that of the Chafer beetles. An individual would find the dry leaves are an excellent food source for the baby larvae.

Some species must refer to live in trees instead of being on the ground when they are adults.

Care and Housing for Pet Beetles

Beetles like moist warm surroundings that should have a temperature of 77f (25c), as this would suit a beetle’s environment and habitat. A deep humus sub-strait should also be kept in Vivian mixed with rocks, leaves, and branches towards the top. There should be a place where beetles could hide and be secure.

The Chafer beetles do not stay bury as they tend to climb around inside their housing quarters. A couple of times a week, spray a fine mist of water into the vivarium, as this would help the relative humidity in their enclosure.

As a beginner, when deciding on a pet beetle, the Rhinoceros Beetles is a good choice. They require minimum maintenance, and their environment is natural to set up. These beetles can be found in pet shops, purchase from the internet, or obtained from private breeders.

Please acknowledge that we offer brief research on the type(s) of beetles, how to care for them, and house them. Please abreast self by learning more about these invertebrates through additional research.

Scorpions – these scorpions family “Scorpioniead” is often thought to be more dangerous and even deadlier than spiders. Because of this, a lot of them a subject to restriction with ownership. There is a species that is interesting and does suit the terrarium, and he is called the emperor scorpion. They are quite large and could grow to about 6 inches. West Africa is where these scorpions originated from, and they were distributed from more Mauritania and Zaire, the emperor is a rainforest scorpion and not a scorpion of the desert.

The vivarium is an ideal temperature for them to about 77f to 86f, and a descent humidity must maintain to about 80 percent humidity.

Feeding Scorpions – The food they like to eat is invertebrate like mealworms and wax worms but do not overfeed, as this would make the scale on the back start to lift.

Size of this Emperor Scorpion – One would find that the male is smaller and are even slimmer than that of females.

During breeding, the male leaves a sperm package lying on the ground when they are coating, and the female eventually retrieves. About one year after this, the female will give birth to about 25 babies who are white, and they about 0.25 in length. The female carries the babies on her back, being a very dedicated mother, carrying them around for about one week, while picking up any that might fall off. The babies mature slowly, and it would not be about six years in the past that they could breed.

Keeping these emperors as a pet is universal for beginners. In comparison, their sting is similar to that of a wasp sting, or bee sting, therefore the dangerous threat is minimum if one could tolerate this. Overall, these particular species are relatively docile.

As a beginner, when deciding on a pet scorpion, Emperor Scorpion is a good choice. They require minimum maintenance, and their environment is easy to set up. These scorpions can be found in pet shops, purchase from the internet, or obtained from private breeders.

Please acknowledge that we offer brief research on types of scorpions, how to care for them, and house them. Please abreast self by learning more about these invertebrates through additional research.

Spiders – it is not everybody keen about large spiders, as some large spiders mistakenly identified as tarantulas. The order “Araneae, family Theraphosidae” is the order that the tarantula belongs to, and they all could give a painful bite, and also, the hair on their body can create and irritation.

A type of tarantula that has gotten popular as a pet is the Mexican Red-Knee Tarantula is a good choice. The following are a few others to be considered as good starter spider pets:

White Toad Spiders

Curly Haired Tarantula

The Goliath Bird Eater Tarantula

Chilean Rose Tarantula

The Palomino Tarantula

Blonde Tarantula,

Yellow Toad Tarantula

One of the more popular is the Mexican Red-Knee Tarantula – this species of spiders could grow to about 3 inches. The coloration is black and red.

These spiders are admired from a distance as a pet, is not meant to be picked up. The body of these spiders is very fragile, and if they drop them, they could suffer a fatal injury.

Some tarantulas hunt on the ground and off the ground in trees and branches. Some tarantulas live in burrow underground where they create ambush situation for their prey. Nevertheless, individuals are best housed on their own and should only bring them together for breeding.

Housing or Vivarium for Spiders is ideally heated to 77F (25c), as this is necessary. Tarantulas like their housing to heated, and this depends on locations, and the Vivarium design should be similar to where the spider naturally lives as far as can be made possible.

Tarantulas Habitat – Spiders that come from dry areas really should have sand as their sub-strait and put a broken flower pot on its side, this could be similar to a hole or burrow. Contrasting to this tarantula spiders that comes from a tropical forest would need an arboreal type of setup. They would need a series of branches fit in place for security so that they could climb around.

Humidity factor is significant in all tarantula cases because dehydration is something that they are susceptible to at most. If deciding to keep a shallow pot of water and regular spray into their vivarium, this would be a good practice to safeguard from this problem.

Breeding Tarantulas – If deciding to breed them, expect about 1000 baby spider-lings to hatch and emerge from one single egg sack after about three months — these Mexican Red-kneed tarantulas widely bred in captivity and available to buy. To obtain maturity, these spiders would take about five or more years.

Feeding Tarantula – they feed small invertebrates such as crickets, wax worms that have completed their metamorphosis, and cock-roaches. Unlike other invertebrates, spiders can go without food for months. If considering supplementing a spider water supply, consider buying water bites, which is a gel-like product that comes in packing that is dry-packed.

As a beginner when deciding on a pet spider, the Mexican Red-Knee Tarantula is a good choice, along with the White Toad Spiders, the Curly Haired Tarantula, the Goliath Bird Eater Tarantula, the Chilean Rose Tarantula, the Palomino Tarantula, the Blonde Tarantula, and the Yellow Toad Tarantula to name a few.

Maintenance and housing, they require minimum maintenance, and their environment is easy to set up. For purchase, these spiders can be found in pet shops, purchase from the internet, or obtained from private breeders. Listed species of spiders are considered more docile and a bit easy to care for beginners.

Please acknowledge that we offer brief research on types of spiders, how to care for them, and house them. Please abreast self by learning more about these invertebrates through additional research.

Praying Mantid – “Mantis Religiosa” – the Praying Manties to look at seems to be a mean looking insect, as their face looks so alien and intelligent. This is probably because of their selfish and aggressive feeding behavior and the fact that the male will probably end up being killed by the female when they are mating. The only way to distinguish the sexes is at the time just before they shed their cuticle. Also, the female Praying Mantis grows more significant than the male, also, their appetite or larger. Amazingly, there is some praying mantis that can reproduce by the way parthenogenesis.

The Praying Mantis’s incredible reflexes enable them to be able to strike a victim of prey in a fraction of a second.

It is wise for the female to be feed before any mating attempt. The Mantis eats a variety of different invertebrates. Just remember that small worms are preferred rather than crickets.

It takes around six weeks for baby Praying Mantis to start their emergence from the egg case. Because the young Mantis has a large appetite, they would need a large quantity available such as fruit flies and aphids, butterfly, termites, grasshoppers, bush-brown, moth, and crickets for feeding.

Housing for Praying Mantis – Probably one of the more widely kept species of Praying Mantis is the Mantis Religiosa”, with a coloration of brown to green, with the female growth to about 3 inches. This species comes from a more tempered zone, and its egg cases are hidden under rocks when breeding. During the breeding season, one could expect about 200 off-springs.

The species Sphodromantis are another species that’s available to be considered as a choice of pet. They are an African species, and they are quite common in their home region in parts of the Sahara.

Housing – because Praying Mantis are predators, they would probably need their separate housing. They will need a temperature range between 77F to 86F (25 to 30c), and their Vivarium should be built to be tall; this enables to be able to hang upside down and be able to molt. Inside their housing, they would need different branches and some with leaves. The branches and leaves do not have to be natural; they could be artificial because the Praying Mantis does not like each vegetation. A few times a week, their house should be sprayed and to maintain a good level of humidity.

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

They are the right pet for those who are beginners at caring for pet’s birds. Although they do not talk as good as the African Grey, they are known for their mobile crest, and they like to interact with one another socially. Also, they are capable of some mimic of speech.

There is a striking beauty in the different species of cockatoos, each in their way. Studies have indicated that Cockatoos can become very devoted to their owners. As a potential owner of a Cockatoo, over time, one will learn that a Cocky can be very friendly, especially with proper interaction with its owner. They love their daily activities of climbing and playing with its favorite selective toys.

Like other birds of this species be mindful of maintaining their upkeep and make sure that their living space is kept clean within their cage or aviary. Be sure to help the Cockatoo adjust to its new environment by providing a place of comfort and security. Children in the home must be educated on how to handle and care for the bird, allowing them to interact with the bird.

If other pets share the home, especially cats and dogs, please keep in mind that they are naturally hunters by nature, and a bird’s quick movements are an attraction that spurs their hunting instinct. Always secure the environment of a pet bird away from these animals. Should the Cockatoo share the same space with other bird species, monitor the interactions between all the birds. Mixing the bird species in a mixed aviary should be thoroughly researched before deciding no particular bird species to be housed together.

Before finalizing any decision on buying a Cockatoo speak to a vet, a bird expert, or bird breeder. A pet store owner or manager who is knowledgeable may be willing to help a beginner if asked. They may provide extra tips about housing a Cockatoo species and advise about equipment to help set up a new environment for the bird. Also, search the internet which could be helpful with providing tips from various sources.

Teaching Cockatoos specific commands involves a commitment to interact with them by educating the bird about appropriate behaviors and reinforcing particular commands, using hand signals. It is a must to be patient with the Cockatoos when teaching them how to mimic speech. Most Importantly, consider taking baby steps in learning about a Cocky. It would help with understanding their behavior and how to address any health needs. Expert assistance is always advised for beginners when caring for this precious species

For general maintenance of the Cockatoo, please refer to the Site’s search on “Pets Birds and Their Many Species” that would give a general outline of the bird’s upkeep.

Palm Cockatoo – A species of natural beauty, the Palm Cockatoo is the largest of 18 different species of cockatoos. Known for its entirely black plumage, and crimson cheek patches, with a hint of red facial skin. It has distinguished elongated spiked crest feathers.

Body length is approximately 23.5 inches in length – Weight 2.25 lbs.

This species is spectacular in every way with it distinguished elongated crest feathers. The Palm has a pronounced commanding size, being the largest of the cockatoo species, and its color is a unique beauty to admire. In Australia, these birds are kept as pets, and they are known to be sociable with their owners and family members.

Status: These birds are native to Australia and New Guinea.

Food Source: They crush open the hard shells of nuts and seeds.

This species has a stature that attracts attention, and their voice is a whistle-like call. This species also has a distinctive short tail that is black and its wing with dark black upper-wing coverts.

In the wild, the species of cockatoos are known to call loudly to each other.

If the Palm Cockatoo is a species of interest, one would like to learn about, asking an experienced expert may help with providing one-on-one training with how to handle this bird through its many stages of maturity. Through its natural development, one will likely need to have to learn additional skills on how to care for and handle them. It also includes the type of diet required and accommodation suited to them for their living environment. There would be added expense, of course, to provide the proper space, cage setting, or aviary that this bird deserves to have in order to thrive.

As with other pet parrots, a person will need to teach manner skills to help with communication, as this would enable the owner to have some control of the bird around people. If pets placed in a smaller cage, an introduction to toys will be helpful with keeping them occupied.

A pet bird should have a diet rich in a mixture of foods, like greens, nuts, fruits, berries, buds, and seeds, that would be ideal for their species to create a beneficial nutritional diet. For many pet owners, they often introduce home-made meals for their pet bird. Again, it is essential to research the best diet for a pet bird type and species.

If observing any signs of illness or any neurotic/erratic or unusual behavioral changes, please contact a Vet. Research indicates that change of behavior may occur from the bird being angry, territorial biting behavior, feather plucking, and incessant screeching.

Depending on the location, and the environment that one has planned for the set-up of a Palm Cockatoo cage or aviary, make sure to ask permission of a landlord to have a pet bird housed inside of an apartment. As noted, Palm Cockatoos are social birds, and they love to be around human action. For the best positive growth of the bird have them interact with other family members, therefore try to position their cages where they are always visible in the owner’s view.

Remember that the Palm Cockatoos require good sunlight but keep them away from drafts and windows, heaters, stoves, air conditioners, and open doors. Studies suggest having in place air purifiers that would help to support the environment with proper ventilation. If considering a humidifier, try purchasing one that has cold water, as this would reduce bacterial growth.

As a pet owner, make sure to interact and bond with this beloved pet Palm Cockatoo, spending quality time with them, this will aide with getting to know a pet bird. Providing the proper toys, including putting in place a ladder, and a rope is essential, this will help with keeping them occupied, and it assists in helping them exercise daily.

If children are present in the home, perform proof checks of the environment for any safety concerns, and always monitor any interactions between the children and the pet bird. The same applies when providing a safe environment for the bird if other pets share the same home.

Remember to always check with a veterinarian, bird breeder, or bird consultant on the proper diet, or any health concerns, and the setup of suitable and functional environment for a new pet, before purchasing.

For additional research about any chosen species birds, we suggest continuing researching on this topic. Refer to our Site, “BeforeIFallAsleep.com” reference guide and bibliography for information selection.

Tortoises – in the wild tortoises are carnivores. Live food is their food of choice, and as a portion of live pet food is also the ideal for them. Although many owners of tortoises feed them a vegetation-based diet, what they prefer is bugs, snails, worms, and crickets, this is the more natural food that they eat in their natural environment. 

Tortoises Commonly Kept as Pets

Russian Tortoise – this tortoise is known by different names, like the Central Asian tortoise and the Horsfield tortoises. Science refers to the Russian tortoise as the Horsfield tortoise named after an American Naturalist, named Thomas Horsfield. The reptilian called Testudines is class that this tortoise belongs to and have been dated back as far as 215 million years ago.

The Russian tortoise keeps as a pet is known to be one of the most popular. These tortoises have a long-life span and would likely long beyond their owners. As with other tortoises, their diet is to remain close to their natural habitat.

Russian tortoise as with other related species, these tortoises are cold-blooded creatures, and they stay true to their original environment.

As with many tortoises, many owners have expressed that they are peaceful have around because they are cute, quiet, and not as active as other types of pets. Most tortoises are non-aggressive until housing them with other related breeds. Therefore, we recommend keeping a pet tortoise separate to prevent any conflict with possible injury. On average, Hermann, tortoises have a life-span of approximately 50 to 100 years.

Housing/Environment – a suitable size of enclosure for a pet tortoise could be a large aquarium tank if possible so that they would have visual monitoring of this species. Proper lighting arrangements are essential, along with a setup inside and interior temperature level. They are landscaping the interior of the enclosure to replicate the natural habitat. Placing shelters like hollow logs and heating is a must to maintain the correct living environment. Hollow logs not only give shelter for a pet, but it supports them with some form of privacy as needed.

Feeding – A turtle’s diet varies greatly depending on the environment in which it lives, and the type of turtles have. Their general diet consists of insects, live worms, and leafy greens. They may also enjoy pelleted turtle food and freeze-dried mealworms, but as mention earlier live food is always the first preference for a tortoise, sometimes one may feed them a mixture of vegetables. 

Caring for pet tortoises and turtles should be consistent with a good environment and the maintenance of their environment. Daily water is essential for all animals. Providing a good supplement like vitamin A helps to balance their calcium deficiencies as this can be a problem with captive animals (reptiles).

Greek tortoise – initially found in parts of Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. This tortoise is also known as the Spur-thighed tortoise likes warmer temperatures from 80 to 90 degrees. A fully mature Greek tortoise can grow to about 7″ long. The Greek tortoise is sometimes mistaken for the Spur tortoise, but the spurred tortoise is a much bigger breed, they could grow to over two and a half foot. The color pattern of Greek tortoises can be olive, brown, and even yellow colors. 

These tortoises have a long-life span and would likely long beyond their owners. As with other tortoises, their diet is to remain close to their natural habitat.

Greek tortoise as with other related species, these tortoises are cold-blooded creatures, and they stay true to their original environment.

As with many tortoises, many owners have expressed that they are peaceful have around because they are cute, quiet, and not as active as other types of pets. Most tortoises are non-aggressive until they housed with other related breeds. Therefore, we recommend keeping a pet tortoise separate to prevent any conflict with possible injury. On average, Hermann, tortoises have a life-span of approximately 50 to 100 years.

Housing/Environment – a suitable size of enclosure for a pet tortoise could be a large aquarium tank if possible so that they would have visual monitoring of this species. Proper lighting arrangements are essential, along with a setup inside and interior temperature level. Also, it is vital to landscape the interior of the enclosure to replicate the natural habitat. Placing shelters like hollow logs and heating is a must to maintain the correct living environment. Hollow logs not only give shelter for a pet, but it supports them with some form of privacy as needed.

Feeding – A turtle’s diet varies greatly depending on the environment in which it lives and the type of turtles. Their general diet consists of insects, live worms, and leafy greens. They may also enjoy pelleted turtle food and freeze-dried mealworms, but as mention earlier live food is always the first preference for a tortoise, sometimes they may be fed a mixture of vegetables. 

Caring for pet tortoises and turtles should be consistent with a good environment and the maintenance of their environment. Daily water is essential for all animals. Providing a good supplement like vitamin A helps to balance their calcium deficiencies as this can be a problem with captive animals (reptiles).

Turtles – If an individual is considering owning a pet turtle, it would be wise to learn more about their natural habitat.  Turtles, Tortoise, or Terrapin species are protected by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.  This agency is under the federal government within the United States Department of Interior for the management of fish, wildlife, and natural habitats.  The agency’s mission is to conserve, protect, and enhance the future for wildlife.  

A brief history of turtles: they are believed to have existed in the Late Triassic Period of the Mesozoic era, approximately 220 million years ago. Their body frame and shell remain a solid body planned.  Turtle ancestry is thought to be the only surviving branch of the ancient evolutionary order of Anapsida.  These groups include procolophonids, millerettids, protorothyrids, and pareiasaurs.

As sited by reference, “the earliest known fully shelled member of the turtle lineage known as Proganochleys was in the Late Triassic.  Evidence-based fossil tracks indicate that the genus already possessed many advanced turtle traits, and this probably means many millions of years of preceding turtle evolution.”

Research – Facts 1 – “Turtle species are divided into two suborders: Crytodira and Pleurodira.  The reference indicates that Cryptodira is the larger of the two groups and includes all the marine turtles.  Pleurodira is the side-necked turtles, a reference to the way they retract their heads into their shells. These two groups represent the most common ancestor of living turtles that occurred approximately 157 million years ago.”

Facts 2 by research: “Turtles are classified as ectotherms, being a cold-blooded species because their internal temperatures vary.  Turtles are also classified as amniotes, along with other reptiles, birds, and mammals, which mean these species breathe air and do not lay eggs underwater.”

Research indicates that the way the neck of a turtle retracts is a way to identify turtle types.  Genetically, the retraction of the turtle’s neck differs from the sub-type Pleurodira. Laterally tracks to one side, but the other sub-type Crytodira has a neck that retracts back into the middle of the shoulder gridlers.

Standard colors for turtles are black, brown, green.  Other species have shells that are red, yellow, grey, or yellow marking with occasional blemishes, lines, as seen on an eastern painted turtle that is one of the most colorful turtles.  They also have black or olive shells, yellow plastron, and red color around the rim. 

Land-based tortoises have a denser shell, as opposed to soft-shelled and aquatic turtles.  Also, their shell is lighter, and this aids them in the water with speed and agility.  Terrestrial tortoises have short, sturdy feet. 

A tortoise moving at a slow pace is something that has made tortoises famous; this is because of their dense, cumbersome shell, and this restricts the length of their stride. The limbs of an amphibious turtle are much like that of the tortoise, but the feet have long claws with web feet.  When these turtles are swimming, they paddle with all four feet much in a way that a dog paddles, with the legs on one side swimming alternatively to the other side, creating proportion.

Turtles are equipped with goodnight visions because of their retinas as an increased number of red cells.  When they are communicating, various sounds are made.  When they are mating or courting, the tortoise can be very vocal. Multiple species of sea and freshwater turtles make different sounding calls.  These are often low frequency and short frequency. Migrating and group cohesion help with this vocalization.  

Wild turtles, in particular, can navigate mazes even better than white rats.  Galapagos tortoises and wood turtle both have a high hierarchical rank within their species. With the ranking decided by the display of dominance, as this goes along with access to mates and food.  

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

Red-Eared Slider Turtle – the red-eared terrapin is another name for the red-eared slider and is distributed much across the United States.  They are known as an invasive species in many places.  These species are native to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, with some found in the areas of Southeast Colorado and Virginia.  Red-Eared Slider Turtle also found in the rivers around the Rio Grande.  Around the world, it is ubiquitous as a pet and the most popular breed in the U.S.A.  

Description: 7 to 9 inches long is the expected grown size for grow for a red-eared slider, male.  Ten to twelve inches is the maximum size of an average female.  Hatchling turtles are born about 1″ diameter when born.  A mature red-eared turtle could weigh between 4 and 6 pounds.  The skin is a combination of yellow strips on green skin, and behind each eye, there is a red patch.  Some individuals may even have just a red patch on their heads.  

The coloration of shells:  The colors of the shell on the baby is a pattern with green and yellow over darker green skin.  As the individual ages, their coloration becomes darker green. 

Natural Environment – this natural breed habitat where they could be found are rivers, ponds, and swamps; this species inhabits the warmer climates. 

Housing/Environment – a suitable size of enclosure for these pet tortoises could be a large aquarium tank if possible so that their owner would have visual observation and monitoring of this species.  Proper lighting arrangements are essential, along with a setup inside and appropriate interior temperature level.

  Landscape the interior of the enclosure to replicate the natural habitat. Placing shelter like hollow logs, and proper heating is a must to maintain the correct living environment.  It not only gives shelter for a pet turtle, but it supports them with some form of privacy when it is needed. 

The Red-eared Sliders live their lives in an aquatic habitat.

Feeding – A turtle’s diet varies greatly depending on the environment in which it lives, and the type of turtle chosen.  Turtle’s general diet consists of insects, live worms, and leafy greens.  Turtles may also enjoy pelleted turtle food and freeze-dried mealworms.   However, as mention earlier live food is always the first preference for a turtle, sometimes they may feed a mixture of vegetables.

Turtles are omnivorous creatures, and their diet consists of earthworms, red worms, and cricket.  Also, a salad should be provided, like shredded vegetables and fruits, banana, apple, and cantaloupe as well as squash, kale, and zucchini. 

Caring for pet tortoises and turtles should be consistent with a good environment and the maintenance of their environment.  Daily water is essential for all animals.  Providing a good supplement like vitamin A helps to balance their calcium deficiencies as this can be a problem with captive animals (reptiles).

Temperament: the red-eared slider is non-aggressive but is always curious.  One will always find these turtles to be alert, and by nature, they are territorial; however, they would bite if provoked.

Box Turtles – some box turtles are very aquatic, while other box turtles are more terrestrial like tortoises.  Box turtles are found all across America.  The series of box turtles are named Desert Box Turtles, Gulf Coast Box turtle, Eastern Box Turtle, Florida Box Turtle, North American Box Turtle, Ornate Box Turtle, and Three-toed Box Turtle.  The breeds of turtle are mostly docile creatures, being a peaceful breed to have around. 

Housing/Environment – a suitably sized enclosure for a tortoise could be a large aquarium tank, if possible so that their owner would have visual monitoring of this species.  Proper lighting arrangements are essential, along with a setup inside and appropriate interior temperature level.

Landscape the interior of the enclosure to replicate the natural habitat. Placing shelter like hollow logs, and proper heating is a must to maintain the correct living environment.  It not only gives shelter for a pet turtle, but it supports them with some form of privacy when it is needed.  The red-eared sliders live their lives in an aquatic habitat.  

Feeding – A turtle’s diet varies greatly depending on the environment in which it lives, and the type of turtles chosen.  Turtle’s general diet consists of insects, live worms, and leafy greens.  Turtle may also enjoy pelleted turtle food and freeze-dried mealworms.  As mentioned earlier, live food is always the first preference for a tortoise, and sometimes they may be fed a mixture of vegetables.

Keep in mind these turtles are an omnivorous creature.  Their diet consists of earthworms, red worms, and crickets; salad should be provided, like shredded vegetables and fruits, like banana, apple, and cantaloupe as well squash, kale, and zucchini.

Caring for pet tortoises and turtles should be consistent with a good environment and the maintenance of their environment.  Daily water is essential for all animals.  Providing a good supplement like vitamin A helps to balance their calcium deficiencies as this can be a problem with captive animals (reptiles).

Temperament: these species of breeds are non-aggressive and calm. One may learn that turtles are alert, and by nature, they are territorial; however, they would bite if they become provoked.

Central American Wood Turtle – one of the most popular breeds of this species.  The Central America Wood Turtle remains true to its beauty with the exuberating color pattern of orange and yellow swirls, also known for its bright colors and black eyes.  These turtles are a medium size growing to an average of 8″. Over the years, turtles have become popular pets around the globe.  They are described by many pet owners to be a calm creature, as this may relate to them being more comfortable to tame. 

The Central American Wood Turtle is native to the Northern region of Costa Rica, and Nicaragua. As noted, these turtles are related to the subspecies of Rhinoclemmys genus, where they Inhabitant the areas of Mexico and Central America.

Description: The female of the species has a smaller tail and the male as a large tail.  No two turtles have the same pattern as they are all individuals.  The Costa Rica breed is a more attractive mud turtle, while the Nicaraguan breed is less brightly colored.

Housing/Environment – a suitable sized of enclosure for a pet tortoise/turtle could be a large aquarium tank.  If possible so that that pet owner would have visual monitoring of this species.  Proper lighting arrangements are essential, along with a setup inside and appropriate interior temperature level.  Landscape the interior of the enclosure to replicate the natural habitat.

 Placing shelter like hollow logs, and proper heating is a must to maintain the correct living environment.  It not only gives shelter for a pet turtle, but it supports them with some form of privacy when it is needed.   The Central American Wood Turtle live their lives in an aquatic habitat.

Feeding – A turtle’s diet varies greatly depending on the environment in which it lives, and the type of turtles chosen.  The Central American Wood Turtle’s general diet consists of insects, live worms, and leafy greens.  Turtle may also enjoy pelleted turtle food and freeze-dried mealworms. As mention earlier live food is always the first preference for a turtle, sometimes they may feed them a mixture of vegetables.

Keep in mind these turtles are omnivorous creatures, and their diet consists of earthworms, red worms, and crickets. Salad should be provided, like shredded vegetables and fruits, like banana, apple, and cantaloupe, as well as squash, kale, and zucchini.

Caring for pet tortoises and turtles should be consistent with a good environment and the maintenance of their environment.  Daily water is essential for all animals.  Providing a good supplement like vitamin A helps to balance their calcium deficiencies as this can be a problem with captive animals (reptiles).

Temperament: these species of breeds are non-aggressive and calm. One may always find these turtles to be alert, and by nature, they are territorial; however, they would bite if they are provoked.

 For beginners: when they are ready to get their first wood turtle, consider locating a breeder who could sell a baby wood turtle. These will grow to be better pets than poor captive individuals.  These docile but very intelligent turtles trained to the point where they could hand feed, and they would get to know their owner.

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

Chameleons – Although these pets are quite amazing, they remain true to their nature, as Chameleons are not kept as pets by many.  These particular species require a considerable amount of care, and they are not recommended for beginners who do not have the time necessary to provide for their care.

These animals are native to various countries including, southern Europe, southern Asia, and Africa.  Research indicates that this species was introduced to California, Hawaii, and Florida.  The Chameleons usually change their coloration based on the nature of their habitats, which is generally of warm climate, desert or rain forest.  Chameleons can change colors, which help them with combating any potential danger.  Also, it gives them the ability to communicate with other similar chameleons of its species.

Chameleons change of color could also help their owner to become alert when the Chameleons experience any stress concerns and temperature settings.  It includes lighting or any other issues with other chameleons that may have been perpetrated.  Chameleons use their tongue as a tool to extract their prey from distant locations in the blink of the eye.  The sticky tip of their tongue secures their prey as they whip it back into their mouths.  Their tongue is usually 1 ½ time the length of their body. 

Chameleons referred to as old-world lizards with a broad range of over 202 different species.  It is best to purchase a captive-bred Chameleon as opposed to a wild-caught Chameleon.  Taking a wild Chameleon out of its natural habitat risks their well-being, as they usually become very stressed and are challenging to keep for an extended period. They also carry parasites,  

Feeding a Chameleon consists of mostly insects, including wax worms, crickets, and a variety of different insects, as they are part of the invertebrate family of species. However, they could be fed a portion of vegetables.  To further support their diet, a supplementary source of the vitamin would be beneficial.

Housing – Chameleon requires a setup similar to their natural habitat with branches, or artificial branches, or trees situated in a large caged environment.  Besides, this would support their natural ability to climbing.  

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

Pet Rocks –will not need as much care or attention as our living pets. However, for an individual who wishes to extend their imagination, this is the type of pet to consider if a person does not have the time or commitment to care for a particular species of creature that require more attention.   

Many people throughout their life-journey have used numerous objects as metaphors or vehicles to help them stay balanced with nature.  We may have used them as a remembrance for something or someone.  Some have used various objects as a metaphor to help them get through hardship and sorrows.  Nevertheless, others may have used their objects as a metaphor for a means of support in building confidence.  Others may use these objects to help them focus on being more reliable and responsible for their day-to-day commitment.  Whatever the reason behind using these chosen objects as a metaphor, it could most likely help in supporting their purpose.

There are different choices when selecting a precious natural stone or mineral rock, be it a birthstone, or a rock that connects personally, mentally, and spiritually.

Having a pet rock can represent many forms of therapy, where an individual could personally adapt to the rock or stone to their desired application.  An individual could select a theme or an idea to make use of their pet rock as a focal point. Therefore, a person could make use of their choice of precious stone, utilizing it to support wishful meditation. Other purposes of these stones would be as a force to draw in positive energy in a chosen atmosphere.  Alternatively, an individual could use their pet rock or precious stone to satisfy a creative imagination.

Ultimately, a pet rock could be purposeful enlightenment.

Many people across the globe have used stones and minerals for healing purposes, in particular crystals are known for their healing components, once secluded only to the royalty.  However, in more modern times, with the introduction of technology, stones, gems, and minerals found in markets around our globe.

The scientific definition of a mineral is very in-depth, and it requires a considerable amount of studies.  One requires a greater understanding of its chemical compounds, chemical elements, and its chemical formula, which are “the natural atomic arrangement of its crystallization.”   What our earth’s rock is made from requires a brief understanding of the definition of minerals and how it holds its mineral consistency.  Research referenced that there are over 4000 minerals with approximately 100 commonly used.  Material referenced from Smithsonian; Rock and Gem, the Definitive Guide to rocks, minerals, gems, and fossils

The following are a shortlist of known minerals used for their healing purposes, used through meditation, and used for general daily needs: 

Amethyst – a recommend stone known for its many purposes with healing, meditation, helping with opening the third eye, opening one’s perception and cognition. Amethyst is a great purple, violet, or red-purple coloration crystal quartz.

Amber – an organic mineral with the coloration of deep dark orange, light yellow to honey yellow.  This stone brings focus on calmness, joyfulness, happiness while ensuring vitality.  Known for its detoxifying properties while promoting good vital organs, including the liver, skin, gall bladder, and promoting a healthier immune system. 

Aquamarine – This stone is light blue and known as the throat chakra. It promotes concentration, disciple, self-determination, vision, perseverance, and inspiration. It is known for its healing property for the wellness of sore throat, thyroid problems, and allergies.

Quartz – Known for its healing properties, quartz is a transparent stone that is used to help relieve pain, it enhances protection against negative energy, and helps with attuning to the higher self.  Quartz is a versatile stone for its many uses.

Lapis Lazuli – this is one of many stones that has always been in existence.  This stone is known to help with the nervous system, immune system, while it also helps with healing the body in relieving fevers, headaches, and migraines.

Emerald – normally a darker green coloration, this stone is the heart chakra, known for its healing properties by detoxification of the live and gall bladder, strengthen the eyes, immune and respiratory system. This gemstone represents growth, harmony, unity, and beauty.

Jasper – the coloration of dark orange to bright red and known to support the sacral chakra. Jasper stone properties help with the promotion of perseverance, strength, courage, center around goodness.  Its properties help with circulatory invigoration, revitalization, and stimulate circulation.

Yellow Calcite – if one is looking for stability, confidence, and perseverance, the yellow calcite is a great choice.  This stone promotes the strengthening of bones, connective tissue, skin, and teeth.  The coloration for this stone is honey yellow to light organ calcium carbonate.

Onyx – properties are known to help to decrease negative energy, helps to personal uplift energy, at the same time, helps with strengthening one’s physical stamina.  For stress relief and concentration during meditation, Onyx would help with clarity.

Garnet – has a coloration of deep red, aluminum with properties of silicate.  This stone represents the root chakra.  A crystal that would promote cleansing the chakras of any negative energies, also promotes vitality, confidence, as it helps with stimulating the willpower within.  Garnet healing focuses on a healthier immune system, strengthens the circulation of the blood, and enhance healthier metabolism. 

Rose Quartz – known for its variety of pink coloration (with traces of titanium), but rose quartz is rarely found in the crystal.  Commonly found in massive aggregate.  This stone connects more to the abdomen and heart, while its elements may focus on love, trust, directness, openness, and empathy.

Topaz – a greenish crystal, the topaz promotes youthful energy, bringing about good health, abundance while stimulating healing, 

Black Tourmaline – This stone normally open to bring about neutrality and serenity while relieving stress, improves sleep, and bring about calmness.  This stone considered as strong protection, as it also used to balance disorder and relief of tension.

Agate – This stone helps with clarity by promoting healthier decision-making while energizing mental functions.

Jade – having the coloration of lighter or darker greenish stone, this crystal is known for its purity and serenity, its properties help with treating the adrenal glands or kidney concerns. 

Labradorite – an iridescent feldspar with blue as a standard color.  Although considered one of a newer stone on the scene, it promotes enthusiasm, sincerity, creativity, and imagination. 

Bloodstone – coloration is shown in a darker blueish or blackish; it is a property known to detoxify and purify the body. This stone property also helps with circulatory movement. The bloodstone is an ancient stone used for its healing power for thousands of years.

Halits – is known as a preferred stone when balancing power.  This stone promotes purifying, detoxifying natural water balance and metabolism, providing overall balance.

Moldavite (Meteorites properties) – 

Shungite – Minerals are known for their colors, luster, hardness, cleavage, fracture, tenacity, and refractive index:

Fracture – is a mineral that breaks in along the cleavage is known as fractures.  

Cleavage – is a mineral that breaks along the planar surfaces. Hardness – is the difficulty with which this mineral could be scratched. 

Tenacity – “is the bonding force with which the physical properties like ductility, brittleness, or malleability.  Tenacity is the cohesive force between the atoms in the mineral structures.”  Such structures of flexible or malleable structures are copper, gold, and silver; all these substances are capable of being flattened without breakage. 

Fluorescence – this mineral emits visible light of various colors when subjected to ultraviolet radiation.

There is specific gravity found in minerals such as quartz and galena. There are particular gravity properties measuring the density of a substance “known as the ratio of the mass of the substance to the mass of an equal volume of water.”

With colors including green fluorite, purple fluorite, opal, yellow fluorite, these are some minerals that can be identified by their characteristics of colors while others may not.  Studies indicated, “that color sited in minerals caused by the absorption of refraction of light and particular wavelengths.”

There are other minerals of the luster class such as, resinous, greasy, vitreous, metallic, earthy, silky, and dull. Research referenced that a mineral luster represents its general appearance of the mineral surface in reflected light.  The two types of lusters appear in a metallic, which is an untarnished metal surface, including steel, copper, and gold. The non-metallic appears in a lighter color — the non-metallic shows with a degree of transparency or translucency.

• https://crystalvisions -film.com/the-ten-best-healing-stones
• https://blog.sivanaspirit.com/gs-gn-top-healing-crystals/
• https://melissafick.com/rar-meditations/
• https://4biddenknowledge.com
• https://www.healing-crystals-for-you.com/chalcopyrite.html
• https://www.healingwithcrystals.net.au/celestite.html
• https://feelcrystals.com.au/product-category/crystal-meanings/copper/
• https://www.charmsoflight.com/ruby-healing-properties
• https://www.gemexi.com/gemstones/brazillianite
• https://thecrystalcouncil.com/crystals/moldavite
• https://www.energymuse.com/calcite-meaning
• https://meaningscrystalsandjewelry.com/shungite/
• https://www.charmsoflight.com/apatite-haling-properties

General Ferrets Information

Ferrets – there are quite a few color varieties in ferrets.  The ferret is known to be a domesticated Eastern European polecat.  The breed called the Fitch Ferrets seems to be one of the most commonly kept, around the world. Their fur coat is a buff color, and the marks on the face tail and their feet are marked black.  Some ferrets are albinos, with their eyes pink and fur white.  The correct name for a male ferret is a hob, and females are known as Jills, and the babies are called kits.  The longevity of this species is 6 to 10 years. 

Ferrets are classified as being a good pet.  As a rule, although ferrets may make excellent pets, it is not recommended for young children to handle them, because they could bite.  Therefore, if older children are handling these animals, make sure supervision is in place to help the children learn about caring and managing these creatures.

As a point of reference, ferrets are curious by nature, as they love to chew on objects.  As an owner of this species, much attention should be given to monitoring their behavior, whether caged or roaming or allowed to roam about their environment.

Ferrets as a companion – ferrets are known to be great companion pets around the world.  Surprisingly, research has indicated that they are easy to care for, as they are known to be social animals and are also known to be great entertainers.  Ferrets are remarkable for their sportsmanship, participating in such activities, as shown yawning contest, best-dressed, color classes, bags, and long tubes contest.

Research suggests having a vet remove their anal sack to prevent musky odors of a ferret. They are having the animal spayed, neutered, and de-scented before bringing these pets home after purchase.  Having a pet spayed and neutered would help in making them a better pet.

Feeding Ferrets – Similarity to the cat, anything one could feed a cat, they could also supply a ferret.  For any feeding concerns, always check with a Vet for any medication and proper food nutrients like exceptional ferret food or cat food, including the same pet vitamin that an owner would give to their cats and dogs.  Make sure to provide fresh water and also that it is in a sturdy stone or earthenware or massive glass bowl.  

Housing a Ferret – because of their curious representation, a pet owner should keep them in a secured and locked environment for their protection. There should be similar to housing a ferret inside a large cage, supported with a shoebox or a litter box for toilet use.  Ferrets are accustomed to having access to making use of a burrow because they like darkness.  

Make sure that to provide quality time to spend with a pet ferret daily, as these animals require social interaction outside of their cage daily.  Ferrets also need mental stimulation from their owners.  Before purchasing this animal proofing a home to ready their environment is recommended and should be taken as a precaution for their safety.  Similar to dogs and cats, ferrets should be trained with specific commands.

Although ferrets are social animals, they are better kept in pairs or more, as they help to provide mental health for each other.  Ideally, because of their nature, these animals must always be supervised when out of their cage. If these pets socialize with other animals in the home, be mindful of their interactions. Like cats, ferrets by nature would chase after mice and rabbits or other smaller insects, or smaller animals.

Please acknowledge that we offer brief research on ferrets as pets, how to care for them, and house them.  Please abreast self by learning more about these mammals through additional research.

Precaution:  If living in California, ferrets are illegal to own or sell without having a permit from the Department of Fish and Wildlife. Ownership of a ferret in Hawaii and New York City is banned.  For New York State, ferrets are permitted, but an owner must check for rabies and vaccinations that are mandated by law.  Washington, DC, may grant permission by a waiver.

Ferrets are banned as a pet in New York City as they are considered a menace to society.  Ferrets prohibited in New York City for the reason that they bite and a fact the animal can transmit rabies if the animal is a carrier and could harm human life and native wildlife.  Ferrets part of the weasel family and described by the New York City Health Department as having unpredictable behaviors, as they are prone to vicious, unprovoked attacks on humans.

Ferrets are legal in many other states of North America and juridical in many other countries around the world.  However, owning a ferret in Australia and New Zealand is not permitted because of the concern of being harmful to native animals.  States and countries that may allow ferrets as pets may require permits and proof of rabies vaccination.  We suggest checking with local states, cities, counties, or in an individual’s home countries for their applied laws and regulations.

Snakes – although snakes have many categories of species, there are a few that we will present as most famous for the beginner snake enthusiast to consider for a pet. The snake’s most recent ancestor lived a nocturnal life and was a predator that hunted with stealth.  They were known to hunt large prey and lived in the Southern hemisphere and lived in a forested ecosystem.  According to snake fossils, snakes were first known to live on land and not in the ocean or the sea.  Snakes were thought to have lived a terrestrial life (on land).  The closest ancestor to current living snakes did not have any forelimbs, but they did have tiny limbs in their hindquarters with all of their toes and ankle.  

The earliest ancestor of the snakes was different from the snakes of today, like the Python. At this point, they did not coil around their prey to constrict it.  These ancient snake ancestors were not yet able to take prey that was much bigger than its head.  It is about 100 million years since this early ancestor lived.  Snakes lived towards the end part of the dinosaur reign, and it indicates that they went through the massive catastrophe that was the final chapter in the era known as the Mesozoic.   

Research indicates that for the “hinophyidian” these snakes of today, their ancestors could now start to thrive in this faceless landfill that left in the wake of the dinosaurs’ extinction.  These snakes were able to evolve and fulfill empty spaces with this free reign they now had after the demise of the reign of the dinosaurs.

Becoming a Keeper and Owner of a Pet Snake

Many snake species are ranging in an assortment of colorations and found in many areas around the world. We recommend a snake that is bred in captivity, as snakes bred in captivity are healthier and better adapted to life in captivity compared to those in the wild.  It is helpful if an individual buys a pet snake from a highly reputable breeder.

Before becoming a snake owner, make sure one has the time and commitment to take of it because snakes require long term quality care.  We further recommend understanding the needs of the chosen snake type and the requirements in caring for them.  Although some snakes are easier to handle, they must be housed in an extremely secure enclosure, as snakes are excellent escape artists.   

One of the more recommended snakes to consider would be the Ball Python.  It is a name given to the Royal Python mainly because of its habit of coiling itself into a tight ball if it is intimidated or frightened.  When it is in this position of a tight knot or ball, it is actually in its defensive mode: in this position, the snake’s head is safe from any predator.

Among the more common type of snakes kept as pets, the ball python is high on the list.  Their cost is affordable, and they are a non-aggressive snake.  Also, a good thing about a ball python is they are quite easy to handle.  Their natural distribution is located in parts of Central Africa, extending to the Western region.  Ball Python grows up to 48 inches long.

Housing accommodation – because they are less in size than other pythons, it makes them easier to manage.  The housing will include bathing facilities and a good climbing branch setup.  Also, make sure they have the right hiding places within their vivarium home.  Water in their Vivarium likely supplied in a heavy croc stone dish. These pythons are a nocturnal snake.  

Feeding/Diet for a Ball Python – consist mainly of rodents; however, since they bred in captivity, one could feed their python live or frozen rodents.  We recommend if a snake is reluctant to eat that a person tempts him with dead rodents.  

Different types of snakes kept as pets such as,   

• Green Tree Pythons, 
• the Rainbow Boa, 

• the Corn snake, 

• the Kingsnake,

• the Rat snakes   

Beginners recommended speaking to an expert snake breeder who would provide tips on the type of snake more suited and tips on caring for a pet snake.  Also, learn how to notice and understand their behavioral characteristics.      

Please acknowledge that we are offering brief research on ball python snakes as pets, how to care for them, and house them.  Please abreast self by learning more about these reptiles through additional research.  For pythons, always take caution in handling them and understand guidelines about these animals. 

For any additional reading on these topics, please refer to the Reference area of our Website (BeforeIFallAsleep.com) or the site’s listed bibliography.

Owning a pet monkey is not as easy as one thinks.  Primates such as monkeys are forbidden by law in several states, cities, and counties in the United States of America.  For other countries., provinces and counties acquire the proper licenses and permits needed to house any primates. If an individual is considering owning a primate, check with the state about the permits required, including checking with their state Division of Wildlife, Fish and Game Department, and the USDA for types of licenses permitted.  Also, ask about county or state for ordinance laws, and zoning laws and request a list of animals, and species of exotic animals that are permitted.

We suggest that further research on all requirements needed to educate self about the regulations and laws applied to have a primate.  Further education would save an individual from any illegal practices in an unwanted area.  It is important to contact both a city, county, and state lawmakers when addressing the laws applied for permits.  Also, if applying for an exhibitor or breeder license, please inquire about these licenses from USDA or specific country.  As with most animals, when traveling with any primate or any other exotic animals, one must obtain a health certificate.

 The following are states that ban having primates: Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Rhode Island, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Utah, Vermont, and Wyoming. For these listed states, primates are entirely banned from being own as a pet or having them in possession.

For states including North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia.  Including Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania.  In addition to states including Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, West Virginia, and Virginia, you must check with your state, city and county laws and zoning laws for permits and licenses.  

These states described have no restriction against keeping a primate such as a monkey.  Since 2012, legislation is pending to restrict these primates as pets in 3 states, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Washington. 

There are some states, including Arizona, Indiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee, that have partial law restrictions.  It is illegal and banned to own apes privately, but an individual could own small primates like monkeys.  It is essential to check with state statutes, laws, and regulations as each of these listed states also have different restrictions and types of permits, or licenses that apply to keep apes, monkeys or baboons.  Both Florida and Texas have various law restrictions.

Also, keep in mind that states that permit an individual to keep a monkey may require rules on how to keep these animals and may require insurance.  States such as Oregon, Idaho, South Dakota, Oklahoma, Michigan, and Delaware require a permit for monkeys kept as pets. Permissions needed from the Department of Wildlife must be in place.   Hawaii allows monkey keeping if they fully bonded.  

Remember, monkeys are not a domesticated animal, as it will always remain a part of the wild no matter how long an individual kept them as a pet.  One must go through the proper channels to apply for and get the appropriate licenses and permits an individual need to own any of these animals. 

Owning a pet monkey is a great responsibility, and it calls for a person dedicated commitment for up to 45 years of this animal’s life span.  These small primates take on the behaviors of a toddler, never growing up.  An individual must have the certainty of what they want and that they should be willing to be dedicated to giving the attention required to address their concerns and to interact with their pet monkey.   

Since a monkeys’ behavior is unpredictable, their behavior tends to shift from being very sweet to being aggressive, and they would bite a person too.  When given toys to them, they may become possessive of their toys if a person tries to take it away from them. 

Also, it is vital to proof their home if a person decides on having a pet monkey.  We suggest that other family members agree with having a monkey in their home. 

Countries like the United Kingdom are considering a ban on primates as pets.  These animals, whether they are in the states or other countries, are known as wild animals with complex social needs with a high level of commitment required to care for them.

To support the care of these animals, including such primates, like monkeys, apes, baboons, we need to address the fact that they are intelligent and social animals.  Their well-being should be high on our list to protect these species first by keeping them in a secure environment.  They should have their habitat where they could be free to exist with their kind.  Taking these animals away from their natural habitat would likely lead to frustration, along with behavioral concerns and psychological problems; it would also lead to social issues and health problems.  

Regarding keeping these animals as pets internationally, they are protected by the Animal Defenders International (ADI) agency.  Animal Defenders International organization works towards urging the government to address the well-being of these animals and to address the problem of taking these animals from their natural habitat.  

If one resides in the UK, any potential buyers should contact the Primate Society of Great Britain, the RSPCA, the British Veterinary Association, the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquariums before making any final decisions on having these primates as pets.

For the international communities’ requirements of permits or licenses, learn local country codes, regulations, and laws that would apply to one wanting to own any primates as pets. 

The following are the three most popular kept monkeys:

Capuchin – this monkey may have been seen in various television shows and movies. Its mischievous and small size has made it famous. These monkeys are very territorial and extremely intelligent.  Their life-expectancy averages about 40 years in captivity.  Just in case one did not realize that it is 40 years of changing diapers.    

Squirrel Monkey – this monkey likes to be aerobatic and swing around a lot.  These monkeys live a lifespan of up to 25 years, and they like to hang by their tails on branches.  Because they are always active, they would require a bit more space than other like size primates. Squirrel Monkeys have a large variety of food that they like, and they would be excellent wearing diapers their entire life.   

Macaques– in general, they are a small monkey that could live a lifespan of up to 30 years.  For their entire life, a diaper would have to be worn and changed. The Macaques monkeys require a vast enclosure, like a 100 sq. Ft. floor space, anything less than this space, may not be appropriate.

Ponies, Miniature Horses, and Standard Horses as Pets

We should also remember our larger pets for the pet lovers of the following:  Livestock Pets.

Brief Introduction – For as long as there have been horses domesticated, there has also been mini horses.  These horses are often used as companions for larger horses and even as pets for people.  When considering choosing a miniature horse as a pet, one should equip themselves with the knowledge required by learning more about their choice of animal. By researching more about the history of the miniature horse, one would then learn more about their quiet, friendly temperament, and their intelligent, playful nature before getting their first miniature horse or any pet for that matter.

Over nine million horses are living in the United States of America, and over four million U.S. citizens are involved in the horse business.  Also, there are approximately 82,000 wild horses that roam freely in a native state in certain parts of the country.  

Another point to consider before deciding on any miniature horse is to learn more about what to expect as far as cost and maintaining a healthy, happy animal.  Does an individual think they can be committed enough to care for this animal?  Moreover, remember to consider any veterinary cost if they arise.  Like other pets, they would need medical attention from time to time.

Miniature horses are known to be used as service animals for the blind and impaired to act as a companion by assisting humans. A miniature horse is also commonly used as a driving horse for pulling small passenger sulkies and carts. 

Miniature horses used as service animals, not unlike other service animals for the disabled, can assist their disabled handler out in the streets, shopping, and they could help with many different tasks within the home.  A properly trained miniature horse can be of assistance to the disabled in many ways.

Their intelligence may rise above other pets, as they are very aware of their owners, and they work remarkably well at being an assistant to the blind and disabled.  For a smaller version of the larger horses, their intelligence remains the same.  Miniature horses could likely accompany the blind because of their small stature, their calmness, and soft nature; they could be useful for the blind.

It was through natural selection in nature combined with selective breeding, which contributed to obtaining their small size and acquiring their temperament.  When one goes back through to the old breeds way back in the bloodlines, there have always been miniature horses.  

Miniature horses are very stable sound bred animals that are free of any health deficiencies and behavioral problems.  The height of a miniature horse measured from the ground to the lowest hair on their mane maximum 34 inches defined by the American Miniature Horse Association/AMHA.  A full-size horse measured to the withers highest point, as this is a ridge in between the shoulder blades of the horse.    

When we speak of horse size, we have to consider that there are many variations with size and weight.  Mature miniature horses may vary in weight from between 140lbs to 260lbs on average. The individual oddities and variations in miniature horses are many and pinning down the exact size they would have to be, to be miniature, is difficult as there is some weigh more for their size compared to others of the same height.  They do have differing points when it comes to their weight, with some being solid, sturdy and heavier, or others elegant or slender although of the same height.  

When it comes to miniature horses, one must become knowledgeable. Through research learned the difference between pure breeds of horses compared to what is known as dwarf horses, or dwarf horses crossed with miniature horses.  Dwarfs have a class of their own, as a dwarf horse is different to that of a miniature horse.  Although dwarfism is not common in healthy horses, be careful of shady breeders that may have bred the gene of dwarfism to make a short cut to breeding smaller horses.  Research has indicated that dwarfism is a severe threat to the mental health, physical stability, and well-being of any horse involved, and must avoid at all cost. 

Research going back to at least 1600, it is known that noble people owned tiny horses as pets and playthings.  Artists portrayed miniature horses in paintings in the mid-1700s.  In England, there was a noble family known as the Hope Family, but particularly lady Estella Hope, along with her two sisters who up to the 1950s kept and bred miniature horses. These ladies acquired individuals from the earliest English miniature horse bloodlines.  A majority of American miniature horses today are the lineage of the miniature horses owned and bred by these ladies.  

Brief Comments:  A pony is different from a miniature horse.  A miniature horse built the same as a full-size horse, but with proportionally smaller dimensions.  A pony is still a small horse but with a proportionally thicker neck, stocky legs, and a thicker mane and tail.  Ponies tend to have proportionally plumper bellies.

Life-Expectancy – The average life-expectancy of domesticated horses is 25 to 30 years, but this slightly different for various breeds.  Because a horse has a potentially longer lifetime to live, it will enable an individual to grow a connection to their horse, as there are not many other pets where they could do this. If one can make a commitment to keeping their horse well-being sound and fulfilled, then the chance to develop a bond will allow an individual to grow with their horse as close friends. 

Color Pattern – Their color variation is as varied as with the larger breeds of horses, but there are some unique colors for the miniature horse.  These colors include light bay body-color, with whitetail and mane with the legs being black; this is called bay silver dapple.  

Feeding and Dietary Needs – the digestive system of a horse involved processing to process large consumption of grass; this is high in water and fiber. Fed good quality grass and excellent quality hay that is free from mold and dust, this is ideal for most horses.  Always, make sure their water is fresh and never frozen and available daily and continuously.  

Try not to allow a horse to feed solely on grass, as this would cause overweight that would likely lead to health concerns.  Combine in their diet with a mixture of grains and to get Himalayan Rock from Pakistan and Redmond Rock from the U.S.A., which is a mineral rock, and which is the top choice of salt mineral rock for any horse.   

Like humans who will drink when they are thirsty, a horse must have a stimulant to create thrust.  Therefore, providing a horse with a salt and mineral lick should be made available to them.  If a horse does not get his horse mineral lick, dehydration could occur, and this could bring on other adverse reactions, like colic and compaction.  So, make sure a horse is given a natural salt mineral rock or crush salt to make sure they have regularly fresh drinking water to stay hydrated.

Just as other similar pets, small horses and ponies must have emergency first aid kit on hands along with a record book of previously administered medications and veterinary treatments.  Keeping a record book would indicate prior administered medications.  It would help assure immediate attention applied to a miniature horse or more massive horse should any unforeseen circumstances a raise.

Food Treats – consist of combining a horse diet with quality hay and grain, consider treating a horse with fruits and vegetables, and with some sugary treats such as petted dates, apple pieces, carrot pieces, and raisins.  Try to avoid sugar cubes for small horses as it may lead to contributing to risk factors such as diabetes.

A horse should have its log-book for the administered medications and treatments: Dosage of medications should have its log-book for the medicines and treatments: as this would help to keep an update on their daily intake.  The logbook would also provide information with their veterinarian who would treat the animal during routine check-ups and other medical treatments.

Veterinary Care/Vaccinations – Vaccination needs to be given to all domestic horses as well as deworming regularly.  A pet owner should discuss with a vet the specific of these and their doses.  Also, tetanus is something that every horse needs protection. They are also equine influenza, rabies, eastern and western equine and encephalomyelitis, and equine herpes that are a disease that has vaccines that are readily available for them.  Inquire with a vet about any other required vaccines that a horse would need.  

Understanding the process of de-worming a horse would help to prevent risk factors with parasites that would lead to causing other health concerns. Check with a Vet on the routine process of deworming the horse, as some deworming should be done every eight weeks to 2 months on average.  

Learn more about the parasites and any adverse effects they can cause on a pet and the preventive steps one could take.  Be mindful and observant of symptoms of sickness, including signs of weight loss, colic, poor coat, and noticing of fewer activities by a horse.  

Allergies – the chances of being allergic to a miniature horse is far less likely than with that of a dog or cat for those who may suffer from allergy concerns.

Housing – a miniature horse must be furnished with its stable adequately designed for its size and with as much floor space as possible.  Remember that a miniature horse needs extended time outside every day to be mentally stimulated and to gain important exercise. Time outside is essential for their companionship and bonding with other pets and horses in their group.  Stalling would only be necessary for nighttime security and harsh weather conditions. 

Training – training horses of any breed involves learning and teaching them so that they may become familiar with particular commands, routines, and good habits.

Miniature Horse Exercise Requirement – to start the necessary conditioning of a horse, walk them about 40 minutes daily.  Take a miniature horse to the round yard or the open field. By standing directly aside, a pet miniature horse guides them with a lead. 

While an individual is walking their horse gives the command to walk. A pet owner must instruct their miniature horse to walk around the edge of the yard.  When given the instructions to walk, make sure there is a short sound or words one prefers to use, like go, walk, or a sound made with their voice (but not too audibly loud as this may intimidate the horse).   

Remember to Increase the intensity of the exercise gradually, and an individual could walk their horse up steeper inclines and back down. A way to start exercise would be to walk a horse around the property a half a dozen time. 

The next stage, once walking, has become more familiar and comfortable than later on, introduce him to trot.  To first get a horse to trot, the horse owner should make clicking sounds with their tongue a couple of times, as this would be a gesture or order for it to trot.  Once a person has started teaching them to trot, influence them to increase speed by giving them pats on the rump.  It is wise to praise them verbally to maintain their trotting speed.

For the first half an hour that there is a switch between walking and trotting. Wait until a horse can comfortably get through its walking workout without expending too much energy.

It is okay for a miniature horse to be ridden, but only by a child weighing under fifty 50lbs. Make sure to saddle a horse properly before placing the child on it. Consider leading the horse around the pasture or pen with its lead.  Make sure to remain at the horse’s side.  An unsupervised child, even on a miniature horse, is not a good idea. A child must be supervised at all times when interacting with a miniature horse.

When an owner exercises a miniature horse, make sure to watch for signs of over-work, because if a person overworks them, this could encourage them to become sick.  Also, because of this discomfort, a miniature horse will never look forward to its routine of exercise.  A pet owner might find that when it is time to exercise, they may become aggressive. 

Socializing a Horse(s) – the whole practice of learning and looking after a horse has many social avenues, even if you are going horse riding with your friends or attending a competition to compete with other like-minded riders and horses. These functions are all very social events and activities that involve socializing a horse with other horses.  

If an individual is open to learning more about socializing a horse, they should attend horse clubs, horse stables, and equine centers.  Remember socializing a horse may not only benefit the horse but could very well benefit the owner by meeting new people and learning tips about horse keeping. 

Playtime with Toys for Miniature Horses and Larger Horses – A happy horse means a happy owner.  Providing entertainment for a horse is ideal, and it is something one would want to consider because they know how intelligent they are, and also know how bored they may become when their owner is not around.  As an owner, they are responsible for providing their horse with nurturing and entertainment that would stimulate their mental and physical well-being.  We suggest several toys that are considered suitable for a horse:

Hanging Swinging Hay-feeder – a horse has to reach out by trying to pinch out his lips while it swings.  Hanging Swinging Hay-feeder is something to let a horse work for getting its treat, at the same time, stamping out boredom.  

Providing a horse with a bouncy ball with a few size variations is something that a horse would find time to play with, as most horses like playing with balls.  The choice of the ball should preferably be a soccer ball, a football, up to large rubber balls with handers.   

Just like the wild deer, horses also love willow branches.  Providing willower branches for horses is ideal because horses adore these types of branches.  Chewing willow is a natural medicine that could thin their blood and kill worms.

Horses also enjoy playing with old hollow car tires, where food treats placed inside of the tire. For example, wedge food inside the tire, like carrots, corncobs, or turnups, this would keep a horse amused and satisfied for hours.

There is an assortment of toys available on the market, or that one could find on websites that will keep a horse amused in times when an owner cannot be there to give them attention.

Land/Space Requirement – Make sure to have the acquired land and space for a horse to roam and be mindful of any potential predators.  The property must be fenced and secure to restrict the entry of as many potential predators and trespassers as possible.  

Bonding Time – Spending time with a pet horse is very important if one wants to bond with them. The tone and volume of an owner’s voice is something a horse is likely to respond to typically.  By using a soothing soft sound in an owner’s voice when they are around their horse will make them feel relax. Individual movements around them will also help them to relax.  Try not to upset a horse with a loud, disrespectful tone in voice, shouting, and screaming; this would only spook, panic, or stress them.

One should not make quick sudden movements around their horse because this would make them nervous.  If any of this happens, it is not a horse’s fault, look in the mirror at self for the culprit.  When one feels relax and calm, this is the ideal time to be around a horse.  Recognition of a relax and calm state is desirable for the safety of the horse and its owner. 

The importance of bonding with a horse is something that a horse needs to have. An owner should have the confidence to assure their horse every action means comfort and safety. 

Bonding requires spending quality time with a pet horse.  One wants to have a meaningful partnership with a pet horse, that would grow into a long-term trusted friendship. 

Grooming – If an owner performs a regular grooming routine for their miniature horse, it would be an excellent benefit for their well-being.  Become familiar with every inch of a miniature horse body through brushing and grooming, as this could detect any early signs of problems. This knowledge helps an owner keep on top of their overall bodily health.  An owner would know by feeling their general horse condition and the usual tone of their muscle and temperature.  Being aware of general concerns would enable an owner to treat any health concerns that may raise its ugly head.  Detection of any issues concerning their miniature horse or more substantial size horse health is much easier to diagnose and treat and help recovery time.

Also, a horse requires regular inspection of their feet by a farrier.

Care of Horse Hoof – the trimming of a horse’s hoofs usually performed at six to eight weeks intervals, and mainly for those horses whose feet are not getting enough wear naturally.  The majority of horses do not need to wear shoes, especially if their hoofs naturally strengthened.   If there are problems with hoofs, it could directly link to shoeing, and an owner should always discuss with their veterinarian about what is best for their pet’s lifestyle and situation.

Care of Horse Teeth – semi-annual or annual dental checkups should be performed to maintain healthy teeth.  Because the teeth of a horse grow continuously, this can lead to sharp and edges caused by uneven wear that alternately leads to chewing problems and pain.  Foul breathe another indication of dental disease. Disorders like colic, weight loss, and choking may contribute to dental diseases.  

Confirmation – Please further research and learn more about the way a horse is put together, how well the horse could learn their job, and the desired conformations of any breed of horse chosen. When considering confirmation, take notice of any negative and positive traits, their genetical deficit, or deformity that hinders their movement. Look at the build of their legs, bone structure, healthy joints, and the proportional body structure of the animal.

Before buying a horse, understand the desired conformation for the breed’s best advantage. As a beginner horse owner, always acquire tips from an expert breeder, or horse specialist and always learn tips from a veterinarian before buying a horse of any breed.  As noted, they say that Albanians classified as the best pretty horses into the eyes of some people.

Weather Precautions – horses cannot handle heat and humidity anywhere near as well as they can handle very cold unless it is windy and wet.  Therefore, when exercising a pet horse by taking it on walks or other routine activities, be cautious of the humidity, and know what the animal could tolerate. 

Registering a Horse – If a horse kept on private land, one must register them if living in the United Kingdom.  An owner does not need a license to own a horse.  Also, a miniature horse must be numbered (County Parish Holding number/CPH) and kept as an agricultural animal.  As noted, a miniature horse usually classified as an agricultural animal.

If transporting a miniature horse in the United Kingdom, a passport required for this animal.  A Certificate of Competence required if one is paid to move a horse by transport or to sell a horse.   

 An owner of a full-size horse or even a miniature horse should become aware of any legal issues relating to horses if residing in the United Kingdom.  An owner should be mindful of the responsibilities needed when keeping horses, including maintenance of their health and well-being.  It is a severe offense if an owner does not provide the proper food and water for their horse.

Horse owners who reside in the United States, it depends on the state whether a license is needed to own or to transport a miniature horse or a larger horse.  However, if an owner has a miniature horse or a more substantial horse that participates in a competition, a passport is required, and to be reinstated with (a renewal) every four years.

If residing in the United States, and if an owner of a miniature horse or a larger horse, we suggest that becoming knowledgeable with the Animal Welfare Act of 1996.  The Animal Welfare Act of 1996, helps with learning of any legal awareness, as relating to ownership of a horse.  Also, taking responsibility for safety, health, and well-being for the comfort of a miniature horse or a full-size horse is essential.

Precaution – it is essential to check with all local, states, counties, and countries laws, codes, and regulations about keeping miniature horses and larger horses. We stress the importance of checking a countries law, as it applies to all animals kept as pets and livestock.

Miniature Horses and the Law – If one is considering breeding miniature horses, there are no requirements for licenses or permits if breeding in the United Kingdom; however, for all other countries and their laws and regulations, please check with local municipalities, agencies, and organizations.

Health Insurance – is essential for the well-being and security of a pet to obtain sufficient health insurance to help with the veterinary care to ease the expense on theirs, the owner.

Miniature Donkeys and Mini Mules as Pets

Falabella horse as a Pet – being one of the smallest horse breeds in the world, the Falabella is a remarkable little animal. One will hardly ever see one taller than 35″ at the shoulders. Usually, one would see them in the range of 28″ to 34″. The Falabella horse usually has the proportion of a normal horse seen from a greater distance. Falabella foals stand about 12″ tall when they are born. Earlier on in their history, they were used to pull small carts, and even today, they continue to be used for this function. Because of their small stature and great temperament, they make excellent pets. We suggest that only small children should ride on the backs of Falabella horses.

The Country of origin for the Falabella is Argentina. These horses are considered rare, but there are a lot of miniature horses that have the genetics of Falabellas. A pure Falabella would not have any dwarfism genes in their history. Breeders of Falabellas have been striving for the proportions of a full-sized horse, not so much cute and small. The coloration pattern of Falabella is the standard colors of all horses including, brown, skewbald (black and white), piebald (brown and white), brown dapple, and other color variations.

American Miniature Horse as a Pet – there are so many great qualities about this beautiful animal called the American miniature horse. They are eloquent with a fine bone structure and generally have a good temper with a strong personality. There is a similar range of colors in them like the Falabella, and as a pet, they are a bit easier to find availability. A potential horse owner should find a horse with no family history of dwarfism, and that entails strong bloodlines. Ultimately, try to find a healthy horse.

The perfect American miniature horse is eloquent, looking like a full-size horse that has been scaled down. However, there is a preference today in the show-ring for miniatures that look more like miniature Arabians; either way, the American miniature horse should have proportions the same as a real horse. 

Way back in time, miniature horses were the pets of royalties, but some others originated from ordinary folks who worked in the mining industry. The American Miniature horses originated in England and are remotely related to the Shetland Miniature horses along with other smaller horses.

For their coloration, all the colors found in a full-size horse are found in a miniature horse.

Shetland Pony, as Pets – with strong legs, small heads, and thick shoulders the petite horse called the Shetland pony is probably the most popular breed of the miniature horse. There is a place off the coast of Scotland called the Shetland Isles, and this is where the Shetland originated. Shetland pony had a heavy workload in the collieries, where they would pull carts of coal and peat during the British Industrial Revolution. This harsh landscape is where the Shetland ponies developed and have become the toughest of all miniature ponies. 

Shetland ponies tend to be long in the body with quite stocky legs. They sometimes appear to be short in the knee. The Shetland is a unique little pony; within their bloodline are traces of thoroughbred and Arab. Through the years, their breeding has been less restrictive. 

These ponies are sturdy for their size and can carry larger children on their back much more comfortably than the smaller Falabellas and miniatures. The Shetland pony is known to be the symbol of a perfect child’s pony. The typical Shetland pony is energetic, intelligent, and playful, having a calm temperament.

Color variations differ, and body shapes are typical for the Shetland pony. Colors range from white and black, or spotted and also the color red. 

Welsh-Section-A Mountain Pony as a Pet – also known as the Welsh Mountain Pony, the Section-A Welsh pony is a horse of marvelous refinement and spectacular beauty. Just like their ancestors, they have great stamina, substance, and soundness. A tiny head characterizes this pony, with strong quarters, short back, and they have a high-set tail, with their hair being splendid, and hocks that do not turn in — added to these descriptions, are eyes large and bold. The Welsh Section-A is no taller than a dozen hands (approximately 48″), which is the next step up from a Shetland. Although smaller adults could ride these ponies, they are better suited to be riding horses for children. 

Originally these ponies lived in the valley and hills of Wales; this is before the Romans invaded Britain. The ponies stayed small because the winter stayed harsh, with not much vegetation to eat. Because of this, they stayed hardy and became resourceful and tough. The research revealed that during the period of King Henry VIII, he ordered that horses under 15 hands to be destroyed, as larger horses were needed to carry the Knights in Armor. 

In defiance, local farmers who loved and owned these ponies let them go to be free in the hilly Welsh countryside’s. They took off into the most inaccessible and remote areas up in the hills and ran wild for years avoiding discovery. They survived becoming more clever and tougher during this time, living in unruly mobs up in the hills. When ordered to eliminate these horses, many were released, and years later, these ponies were then recaptured.

Reference reveals that individual ponies were bred with larger Welsh ponies to develop other Welsh ponies known today as Welsh B, Welsh C, and Welsh D up to 16 hands high. Welsh A is the typical original Welsh Mountain pony. For all Welsh ponies and horses, they have a color pattern variation from grey-brown and chestnut, along with other solid colors. Appaloosa and pinto colors are unwanted within this breed.

Essential character traits of the Welsh Section- A pony – the disposition of a Welsh pony is excellent. The Welsh are known and favored for his generally good temperament. This breed has the exceptional quality of an extremely comfortable gate, extra endurance, sure-footedness, and it has a calm and willing temperament. This breed is a universal horse, excelling in being an excellent child’s riding horse, a horse for farm work, packing, and a great family horse all around. This horse is known to be successful in jumping, dressage, and eventing at the lower levels. 

The typical standard height of the Welsh A pony to the shoulders is 12 hands (48″). The head is nicely proportioned and mid-sized with a dished face profile. 

This horse is ranked as an ideal pet for a beginner based on their character and nature. With their strength and smaller draft horse build, they have a sturdy and overall muscular body, with a beauty one cannot help but admire.

The basics about the Miniature Donkey:

The male is called a Jake Donkey, and he is a donkey who has an exceptional build and great confirmation with an excellent pedigree and pleasant disposition. These qualities make him an excellent leader to bred. 

The female donkey is called Jennet.

A Gelding is a name given to a male donkey that has undergone castration (a male donkey when gelded likely would be a better pet).

A baby donkey is called Foal – the donkey is known as a foal between the ages of birth up to the time when he/she is weaned from 5 to 7 months old.

If one would like to have a companion pet that is faithful to the pet owner, a miniature donkey could be a chosen pet. Nowadays, the miniature donkey is gaining popularity as a much-loved pet, as they have a life expectancy of about 25 to 30 or more years. Some individuals can live up to the age of 50. When speaking of their temperament, miniature donkeys are affectionate, helpful, intelligent, faithful, and easy to train. 

Surprising facts learned about donkey’s profile includes that Donkeys are stronger than horses. The strength comparison with a donkey and a horse the same size likely contested that the donkey would always win. The calming demeanor of a donkey can strongly influence other various animals. 

The miniature donkey is known to be trustworthy around children and also has an affectionate and warm nature. They could also be used as therapy animals for the elderly and handicapped, as their companionship is long-lasting and similar to bonding with a dog.

The miniature donkey would bond well with other animals, as they prefer grazing with fellow farm animals and other donkeys, which would help to stimulate their well-being. Donkeys are not only known to be affectionate animals but require an owner’s attention and devotion.

Since Donkeys are outside livestock animals, we suggest preparing for the new-comer, making sure that there is adequate roaming space where the animal is allowed to graze the property. Also, as their caretaker check the climate condition where these animals would likely be housed. Donkeys are generally easy-going animals who get along with other livestock or people just fine. They are known to be social animals that need the company of each other. If considering having one as a pet, try to provide an assortment of toys, as they have a playful behavior with each other. 

A short history of the Miniature Donkey origin; they are members of the Equidae family, and they are native to the Mediterranean of Sicily and Sardinia. The donkey has been a domesticated animal for thousands of years, and humans have used them for their dependable ability carrying loads, pulling carts, and moving supplies. Nowadays, people are becoming more familiar with miniature donkeys and their uniqueness. 

The miniature donkeys are found mostly in North America as they are usually valued for their genetics. These days people are using them for hobby animals and appreciating them as pets. North America has approximately 52,000 miniature donkeys registered in the U.S.A., and their numbers continue to grow. They are also many miniature donkeys in Canada, and they are getting popular in foreign countries, including Europe. 

Research further indicates that the donkey is the ancestor of the African wild ass, that was used for working animals for thousands of years.

Raising a pet miniature donkey – step 1 – make sure to construct a shelter to protect a pet donkey from the weather. Step 2 – continue researching books on raising and choosing miniature donkeys as pets. 

Housing – planning the right habitat to house these animals in a private environment. Speak to a miniature donkey breeder, handler, or speak to a veterinarian to get a better understanding of the road ahead with one of these animals as the desired pet. 

A characteristic of the Miniature Donkey is its gentleness, and they have become more noticeable in the past years. Compared to their cousins, the horses Miniature donkey have their unique traits. Moreover, miniature donkey recommended as an excellent animal to keep as a pet. 

The average height for a mature miniature donkey is 36″ and under, with the average weight for adults being 250 to 350 lbs. Their range of coloration is as board a variety range as horses, with a more natural color being gray-dun. Other colors include browns, spotted, red, and black.

The Miniature Donkey and its Feeding – these animals must always have a clean water supply provided 24/7. Just make sure that the water trough is cleaned out regularly and especially in the summer months because when it is hot, algae and bacteria grow quicker. As a caretaker, install a float valve in their trough, the water to be topped up automatically. Do not have the water trough so low to the ground that a baby foal could fall in and possibly drown.

There is a variety of supplemental feeds for a donkey; these include crimped oaks, which has 10 percent protein but “definitely not whole oaks.” Another supplement grain would be meal feed, sometimes called sweet feed. Also, horse pellets come in different percentages rate of protein of 10, 12, and up to 14 percent. Lactating jennets and foals would benefit from these feeds. 

Purina makes another feed supplement that is known to be a balanced nutrient feed; these with products such as strategy, On-line 100, 200 up to 300 are the varieties of this supplemental feeds. These products all have an excellent protein source, and the balance of mineral and vitamins are perfect. Make sure to have a bag of Purina horse mineral on hand; this is a granular form not like the mineral block, but make sure that they are a mineral block outside for their benefit as well.

Straw – feed the donkey the best straw and hay found. Quality hay contains a high degree of fiber and quite low in sugar and is much like the food the donkey would eat if out in nature. A personal miniature donkey must have continual access to his straw feed, as this would be good for his benefit to stop him from eating too many calories. The excess weight caused by too many calories is something a donkey should not have to suffer.

Hay – During wintertime or if a pet donkey is in a lot where there is no grass, they need a good quality horse hay to feed them.

Most important, we would suggest speaking to an expert breeder or a Vet to address any signs of illness or to learn beforehand, the tips on overall care for these animals. Learn tips on how to take steps to de-worm, or trim their hooves or any required vaccinations, and scheduled check-ups with the Vet are required. 

Consider learning more from other resources via the Internet, also Donkey and Mule Organizations, the National Miniature Donkey Association, Donkey Sanctuaries, and Rescue Organizations. Donkey Owners Associations, as noted, contact a Country Rescue Organizations. 

Contacting local farms and a veterinarian is an excellent start to learning more about Donkeys. Visit a few farm areas that house donkeys, for which can be found in North America and Canada or a country region nearby to get a clear idea of how to care for a donkey.

Miniature Mule as a Pet – For those few who did not know the mule, they will learn that this animal is a remarkable classical and a hardy equine animal. They are quite different from the standard horse due to the mule’s inherited build structure. The mule is a cross between a mare (female horse) and a jack (male donkey), which makes this an equine animal in a class of their own. The mule is a considerably strong animal having multiple functions from hauling farm equipment to helping with harvesting crops as a chosen pet one would find this animal to be unflappable in most difficult or stressed situations.

When a female horse (mare) mates with a male donkey (Ass), you will produce a hybrid called a mule. Alternatively, when a male horse (Stallion) mates with a female donkey (Jennet), it is called a hinny mule. The American Miniature Society defines the miniature mule as a mule that is under 48″. There are two categories; the miniature mule class A is under 38″ and the miniature mule class B is over 38″ but under 48″. Miniature mules make excellent pets, as they have many functions, including driving pulling a small cart/wagon. Also, a person could get a mini saddle, and providing the rider is no more than 100lbs the miniature mule can comfortably carry a young child up to 7 years old. The miniature mule would be perfect for this and would build the child’s confidence for his future riding endeavors.

Coloration variations for their coat are common in the colors of bay, grey, black, sorrel, with less popular colors in variations in buckskin, palomino, dun, roans, and white. There are a variety of color patterns with mules located in the Appaloosa regions, where these mules have a wilder color variation. 

Miniature mules could be magnificent pack animals for hikers. Instead of backpacking, if one is planning a trip in the woods or mountains and do not want to carry a backpack or carry too much stuff, then a couple of mules would be of great assistance. Of course, a person would need to acquire the proper training of the mules by prepping them before this journey begins. Planning a strategy provides a person with full confidence to make the planned journey a memorable and enjoyable success. 

These days some shows have a class separate for miniature mules, while other shows allow miniature mules to compete with the standard size mules. Miniature mules adore attention and receiving patting by admirers. Children also love to play with unintimidating small animals their size as well. Even for an adult, a miniature mule would provide great companionship and could take all of the hugging and patting a person would like to give it. A miniature could also be an excellent pasture companion for other pets. Miniature mules love to romp and play around; they would make a person’s day just a little bit happier.

Miniature mules do not require much effort to take care of them, but they do need a pasture that is secure and safe, with the right secure panels of fence that they cannot get through. They could be left out to graze each day but need to be housed in a secure environment each night for their security and safety as they are small and more defenseless. 

Feeding – feed miniature mules hay, and make sure they may have free choice to pick. They love to graze but do not allow them to overgraze. De-worming of miniature mules must be performed regularly, along with trimming their hoofs. Make sure an annual Coggins test (blood test) is a blood test that detects antibodies to the disease Equine Infection Anemia (EIA) and is required by most states annually. Check with a local Vet to ask what they recommend regarding shots in the local area. Miniature mules will adapt to a typical horse diet but in a smaller proportion. It is important not to let them overgraze.

Norwegian Fjord Horse – the origin of the Norwegian Fjord horse began with the migration of primitive wild horses into Norway, around 4000 years ago or more. Norwegian Fjord is a horse that has been bred selectively since way back to the time of Jesus Christ. The Fjord horses were used as war horses by the Vikings; wherever the Vikings went, so did the Fjord horse. Through this, the horse left its mark on other breeds in its travels. Farm work was another purpose that the Vikings used this horse. As the Vikings were invading across Europe, the use of these horses for plowing also spread through many regions. Studies indicate that the majority of Western European draft horse breeds derived through their bloodlines from the ancient Fjord horse breed. 

In the present time, this Fjord horse has been used in Norway for 100s of years as a useful farm horse.

Fjord horse color – this horse is known for its distinct coloration or the lack of it because, in the breed standard, only the five variations of the dun color are permitted. The color includes brown dun, red dun, gray dun, white dun, and yellow dun. Anyone of these five dun color variations is a reflection of what true wild horse colors would be. Additionally, Fjord horses have a kind of zebra effect on their legs. These horses customarily found with dorsal stripes running down the neck, coming from the forelock across the back to the tail. Sometimes over the withers, it is reasonable to see dark strips on some horses. At the moment, Fjord horses are found to be about 90% brown dun color.

Universal character traits of the Fjord horse – the disposition of a Fjord horse is excellent. The Fjord is known and favored for his generally good temperament. This breed has the extraordinary quality of an extremely comfortable gate, extra endurance, sure-footedness, and it has a calm and willing temperament. This breed is a universal horse, excelling in being an excellent child’s riding horse, a horse for farm work, packing, and a great family horse all around. This horse is known to be successful in jumping, dressage, and eventing at the lower levels. 

The typical standard height of the Fjord horse to the shoulders is between 13.2 to 15 hands (50″ to 60″). The head is nicely proportioned and mid-sized and a dished face profile. The ears are set wide apart and are small. Their eyes are significant, and they look kind. They have flared nostrils; their jaw pronounced, and they have the right width between the eyes.

This horse is ranked as an ideal pet for a beginner based on their character and nature. Due to his strength, and smaller draft horse build, and a sturdy overall muscular build, this horse cannot help but be admired for its beauty.

Gypsy Vanner, aka Gypsy Horse – originated from the Island of Ireland. This domestic breed of horse best described as a miniature draft horse. His confirmation is that of an active cobb type — the Gypsy Vanner horse was associated in particular with the traveling Gypsies of Irish and British descent. Originating back in the 1850s, the nomadic Gypsy peoples all over the British Isles started using descendants of the Gypsy Vanner. These horses were used to pull the gypsies caravans and vardos. Back in these times, the original gypsies started to travel and live this nomadic life, as this breed of horse enabled them to do this.

Usually, Gypsy Vanner coloration is skewbald (black and white), piebald (brown and white). In the breed standard, there are solid colors, along with other color variation like splash, and tobiano. 

The temperament of the Gypsy Vanner is excellent for its calmness and relaxed nature. The Gypsy Vanner nature is also amiable, seductive, and easy-going. They have attention-drawing good looks, and this breed does not suffer the health concerns that other breeds have, as they are known as one of the hardier horses. Their body type is robust and muscular. This breed grows a lot longer fur feathering around the hoof, which is desirable but must be trimmed off the ground occasionally. Besides, this breed grows a beautifully long mane that does not require any trimming.

The typical Gypsy Vanner stands in height between 12 to 16 hands (48″ to 64″) from the ground to the withers. Because the nature of the Gypsy is welcoming, if deciding to choose this horse, it would be a beautiful horse for the family and a horse used for many functions; in particular, they could be engaged in trail riding and therapy for both children and the elders. The Gypsy Vanner is a small family-size descendant of a draft horse.

This horse is ranked as an ideal pet for a beginner based on their character and nature.

Friesian Horse as a Pet – the origin of the Friesian horse began in the Netherlands in a place called Friesland, which is a Province. Friesian Horse also found on the Coast of the North Sea of the Netherland, and this goes back to about 500 BCE to when it settled. The Friesian is known to be quite nimble and graceful in comparison to their size, even though the breed conformation is more like a more exceptional built draft horse. Research indicated that at the early ages, the Friesian was sort after as war horses when used throughout Europe in various wars. There was a time in history when these horses were near extinction. Today in more modern times, these horses have gained popularly.

The Friesian horse is a versatile horse used under saddle and Harness and successfully performing in the dressage arena. Essential character traits of the Friesian horse are gentleness, sensibility, calmness, willingness, and high intelligence. This breed of horse is willing to please their owners, which is a typical character trait of the breed. Black is the favorite trademark color for this breed, although some Friesians are extremely dark chestnut, as this is because some bloodlines carry the “red” (e) (gene). The only white marking permitted on a Friesian for it to pass as purebred is a white star on its forehead.

The typical Friesian stands in height between 14.2 to 17 hands (58″ to 68″) at the withers and geldings and mares (62″) at least up to the withers in height. They have a stable overall conformation and strong bone structure for their breed. They have long ark necks (curve neck), short ears that are well-chiseled, along with a sturdy, compact, muscular body with strong sloping hindquarters, sloping shoulders, along with a low set tail appearing muscular and compact.

Many Friesian horse owners have expressed their horse’s commitment to them. Also, sharing that these horses are a highly sort after recreation horse for pleasure riding, and they mark very high in showmanship, with many entering the winning circles. This horse attracts many gasps “oohs” and “aahs” by impressed onlookers wherever there is a crowd because his presence is so spectacular and stunning. This horse is ranked as an ideal pet for a beginner based on their character and nature. 

Micro–Pigs – A brief history of the pig’s origin. The pig belongs to the Suidae family in the Animal Kingdom. Since some pigs are bred in their current location, records show that most have adapted with the local climates.

Types of Breeds

Super-Micro-Pig – known to be the smallest, they grow to 25lbs or less.

Micro-Pig – they were the original of the tiniest pigs. A person could expect them to mature to a weight of 25lbs to 35lbs when they get to be 18 months old.

Tea-Cup Pig – the next size up from micro-pig is the tea-cup pig, they would mature to a weight range of between 35lbs to 55lbs when they reach the age of 18 months.

The Miniature Pig – of all the smallest pig breed, the miniature pig is the largest, with the potential weight ranges for them at maturity is 65lbs to 85lbs once they reach the age of 18 months.

A brief history of the Pig – they belong to the genus of the Suidae family in the animal kingdom. The origination of pig breeds comes from the African and Eurasian Continents. Pig breeds over time traveled with man across the world as farm animals and pets – this is revealed when studying the evolution of the pig.